Diabetes can be complicated with microangiopathy and accelerate atherosclerosis. The occurrence of hypertension can further aggravate diabetic microangiopathy and renal complications, and easily aggravate stroke, heart failure, aortic disease and hypertensive retinopathy. At the same time, when accompanied by nephropathy, renal damage is accompanied by arteriosclerosis and multiple organ damage, and serious complications can be life-threatening. Oral hypoglycemic drugs have certain side effects, so they should be used correctly according to the doctor's advice, and don't stop taking them forcibly to avoid hypoglycemia coma. Not all diabetic patients are suitable for insulin injection. If diet control and physical therapy can stabilize the disease, there is no need to inject insulin. Patients can eat fruits in moderation, as long as the calories added with food do not exceed the calories they should consume that day. Keep your skin clean and sanitary, and don't tighten your shoes and socks. Basically, we should pay attention to the following points: First, we should understand diabetes. Consult a doctor, ask friends, read relevant materials, books and so on. . . In layman's terms, diabetes is the lack of insulin secreted by the islets in your body, which leads to the inability of sugar to be converted into energy normally. Second, control diet. Whether you have diabetes or not, a healthy lifestyle needs to control your diet. Quit those things that are too sweet and oily. Eat less and eat more. Keep seven points full. Reasonable diet deployment. Eat less sugar and root vegetables, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes and yams. It is necessary to restrict fruits properly. Foods that should improve crude fiber, such as brown rice, corn, beans, green leafy vegetables, Chinese cabbage, mung bean sprouts, cucumbers, celery, tomatoes, etc. Eat more refined protein, such as lean meat, eggs, milk and fish. Choose vegetable oil to avoid animal offal food. According to the condition, activity and the use of hypoglycemic agents, the frequency of eating and the amount of staple food in a day can be adjusted. Staple food control: rest 200-250g； every day; 250-300g； for light workers; 300-400g for moderate manual workers. You can eat more vegetables, such as melon, cucumber, tomato, water spinach, Chinese cabbage and so on. Those with mild illness are given three meals a day, and the distribution of staple food is 1: 2: 2. In severe cases, the daily staple food is divided into 4-6 meals. If you are treated with insulin, you can add meals between meals and before going to bed. The extra meal is less than the three main meals 1/3. You can eat bread, eggs, dried tofu, peanuts and so on. Take it with meals to prevent hypoglycemia. There are always small sweets, biscuits, sugary drinks and other things around. Diabetic patients are prone to hypoglycemia. Eat something in time when hypoglycemia occurs. Hypoglycemia is more harmful to the body than hyperglycemia. Third, reasonable exercise. Adhere to appropriate exercise according to your own situation. Don't do strenuous exercise irregularly, which will lead to bad blood sugar fluctuation. You can take part in all kinds of activities, such as walking, doing aerobics, playing Tai Ji Chuan, dancing disco for the elderly, playing table tennis, swimming and running. You can choose your activities according to your physical condition and hobbies, and you should persevere. The best time to lower blood sugar is 1- 1.5 hours after the meal. Elderly obese patients can exercise lightly after getting up early. Elderly people who inject insulin should avoid peak hours of activity to avoid hypoglycemia. You'd better walk slowly for half an hour after supper. Keep your body and mind happy. Pay attention to timely hydration. Drink sugar-free drinks such as mineral water. Never drink carbonated drinks such as cola. It's best not to drink things with low sugar instead of sugar. Xylitol will make you miss sweetness more. Fourth, monitor blood sugar. Yes Please buy a personal blood glucose meter. Go to the drugstore for consultation. Generally, large pharmacies will sell blood glucose meters. Roche and Johnson & Johnson are more mainstream brands. Please monitor blood sugar at any time when necessary, and don't wait until you go to the hospital for a doctor's test. Blood sugar fluctuates at any time, just like the stock futures market. Once you feel dizzy, trembling, flustered, sweating, black eyes, etc., please test your blood sugar immediately. When you are sick, injured or excited, please take more blood sugar tests. More importantly, record the time and value of these blood sugar tests in the same notebook. And indicate the special circumstances at that time. Trust me, this information will be very useful. Show it to the doctor when you go to see him. Slowly, you will understand yourself. Fifth, listen to the doctor. Do appropriate medication. Some people need oral medication. Some people start with insulin. Please listen to the doctor's advice. And understand that these doses are by no means fixed. Sometimes you need more, sometimes you need less. It depends on your blood sugar anyway. Sixth, pay more attention to yourself. Pay attention to your uncomfortable feeling. Don't hurt yourself. Get into the habit of checking your feet when washing your feet every day. Pay attention to every small wound! Have a physical examination. At least once a year. Pay attention to your blood vessels, heart function, renal function, blood pressure, blood lipids and so on. Please remember to tell the doctor first when you have any problems when you go to the hospital. You are a diabetic. Pay attention, but don't think it's great. Eight, quit bad habits. Smoking is harmful to health. Drink. You can drink in moderation. But first, understand what those drinks will do to you. Different kinds of drinks will have different effects on you. Some will raise your blood sugar. Some will lower your blood sugar. Please measure your blood sugar. Generally speaking, whether eating or drinking, the blood sugar changes the most about 2 hours after eating or drinking. Therefore, measuring blood sugar before eating and drinking, and measuring blood sugar about 2 hours after eating and drinking can help you master your own changes.