1. Money laundering refers to criminals transferring illegal funds through a series of financial accounts in order to cover up the source of funds, the identity of the owner, or the ultimate purpose of using funds. Illegal money that needs to be "cleaned" may generally be related to terrorism, drug trafficking or organized crime.

2. Anti-Money-Laundering refers to the act of taking relevant measures in accordance with the provisions of this Law in order to prevent money laundering activities that cover up and conceal the sources and nature of drug crimes, organized crimes of underworld nature, terrorist activities, smuggling crimes, corruption and bribery crimes, crimes of disrupting financial management order, financial fraud crimes and other crimes.

Extended information:

Common money laundering methods:

1. Cash smuggling. In many countries, there is no cash transaction reporting system, so it is an important way of money laundering to bring the proceeds of crime into such countries through smuggling and then deposit them in banks, which is also one of the important reasons why countries strictly limit the amount of cash carried in and out of the country. ?

2. Disperse large amounts of cash into banks and build deposits. This method, also known as breaking up the whole into parts, is to spread large sums of money into small deposits to avoid suspicion. Some countries have established a strict cash transaction reporting system, and banks must report cash transactions exceeding the limit to the anti-money laundering intelligence department. Therefore, money launderers often split large amounts of cash into amounts below the reporting standards and deposit them in banks to avoid supervision. ?

3. Use cash-intensive industries. More and more money launderers use cash-intensive industries to launder money. Under the cover of casinos, entertainment places, bars and gold and silver jewelry stores, they declare the proceeds of crime as legal income from their operations through false transactions. ?

4. directly purchase all kinds of movable or immovable property. Direct purchase of real estate, high-value means of transportation, antiques, works of art and various financial securities, etc., and then cash deposit in the bank during resale, gradually evolved into legal monetary funds. ?

5. Use the securities industry and insurance industry to launder money, bearer bonds or futures. Due to the huge amount of trading funds in the securities industry, the variety and complexity of financial instruments and transactions, and the formation of a global capital market, which provide the best cover for money laundering, many money laundering crimes are carried out through securities trading forms including stocks, bonds and futures. There are also many money launderers who buy high insurance in the insurance market, and then return the premium to criminals in the form of refund or surrender, so as to cover up the real source of criminal income. ?

6. Take advantage of excessive security measures for personal assets in countries and regions such as offshore financial centers and bank secrecy paradise. In some countries and regions, anonymous companies are either allowed to be established, or there are excessive confidentiality measures for personal assets, which makes it easy to hide the true source of criminal income after it enters these areas. ?

7. Develop obviously unfair's import and export trade, and even register a leather bag company to conduct virtual transactions. It is also a common method for criminals to realize the purpose of money laundering by carrying out some import and export trade that is extremely disproportionate to the target, or to turn the criminal income into legal business income by using the forged business performance of the leather bag company.

8. fish first and then wash. Some corrupt officials try their best to make money when they are in office, and when they make money, they start enterprises and companies. This way of money laundering has a characteristic, that is, after they go to sea, they generally don't choke on water. They are different from some private bosses who are afraid of revealing their wealth. No matter whether they run a business, stock trading or futures, whether they actually make a profit or lose money, they generally publicize their "great fortune" for fear that others will not know that they have made money, because they want to find a "statement" for their black money. ?

9. Wash while fishing. It is common for relatives to do business by themselves. Corrupt officials use their power to make money desperately, while relatives go to the sea to open entertainment places, restaurants and run enterprises. If you are not very familiar with corrupt officials, it is impossible to know the relationship between corrupt officials and their relatives, so it is easier to launder money and less likely to commit crimes. ?

1. even fishing and washing. Other people's companies are in power. Government officials or CEOs of state-owned enterprises set up private enterprises, but they are represented by others. The enterprises are ostensibly owned by others, but the power is in their own hands. In this way, we can not only transfer the black money to the account of our own enterprise through economic exchanges, but also earn another sum through normal tax payment operations. ?

11. transfer abroad. At present, the most common way of money laundering is to transfer black money, or to collect illegal money abroad and wash it. One way is non-trade. Some leading cadres send their children abroad to buy foreign exchange by paying education fees, insurance premiums and commissions, and then remit them abroad. The other way is trade, which overstates imports and understates exports.

12. Bribing senior financial officials to remit black money abroad. Generally speaking, drug trafficking criminal groups bribe senior financial officials to relax the examination and management of fund settlement and transfer black money out of the country. For example, in 21, the Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption smashed the largest cross-border money laundering group in Hong Kong, and the amount of money laundering was as high as HK$ 5 billion.

13. Use the legal financial system to launder money. Criminals launder illicit money through banks or non-bank financial institutions. In particular, some criminal suspects use fake ID cards to open multiple accounts in banks for transferring and hiding illegal gains and their proceeds. ?

14. Use the Internet to launder money. Criminals use online banking to transfer illicit money, and some even launder it through online gambling. ?

15. Money laundering through investment. Criminals launder money by investing in hotels, setting up companies, buying commercial houses and investing in real estate. Some even set up companies abroad to put on a legal coat for their criminal proceeds. ?

16. Use import and export trade to launder money. Criminal suspects transfer illicit money across borders by falsely reporting import and export prices or forging relevant trade documents. ?

17. Traveler's checks: Customs will require the declaration of the cash carried by customs clearance personnel, and those who fail to declare will be confiscated if they exceed the limit, but there will be no limit on the amount of traveler's checks. The key point is that they will be transferred to a third party without endorsement, because the checks will be cashed in the bank and will eventually return to the original drawer. ?

18. Indirect exchange of tokens in casinos: exchange tokens in casinos, and then deliver the tokens directly to the beneficiaries of money laundering. Then he will change the tokens back into cash (usually a handling fee of about 5%), and he can claim to win in the casino outside. This can avoid tracing the beneficiary of money laundering directly through the number on the paper money. It is often used in professional casinos where tokens can be exchanged back into cash in various countries. ?

19. Antique jewelry, valuable collectibles and high-priced middle-aged fine products are sold by buying low and selling high, and the money is washed to the destination account in a legal way. This method is also commonly used to accept bribes; Or buy valuable antique jewelry or collectibles, and then falsely claim their own collectibles for sale in the market. Generally, they will buy unmarked items such as cultural relics, stamps or famous musical instruments with a long history. Or privately buy a number of famous cars, medieval private jets, jewelry brands and other high-value things for resale. ?

2. Foundations: corrupt politicians set up foundations, make fake donations to foundations, trick enterprises into donating money, and then empty them. Enterprises or consortia use fake donations to foundations that they can control, and move money from left hand to right hand to avoid income tax. Politicians or enterprises use the name of disaster relief to raise money, but the money raised is misappropriated privately or withheld from private accounts under various names. In transnational money laundering activities, funds in the name of different charities in different places exchange money with each other. ?

21. Cross-border remittance for many times and settlement of old accounts: the relevant documents using remittance have loopholes in the retention period. ? Direct cross-border handling: the money is directly moved to foreign countries by special plane or those with customs exemption status, and is usually transported in the form of $1 bills. ?

22. Head account: I am afraid that people will go to the bank and claim that my passbook and ATM card and seal are lost. I will apply for a new passbook and ATM card and change my seal to steal it. Therefore, it is usually used to open an account in a foreign country that the head itself does not know. ?

23. foreign currency active deposit account: deposit in the form of multiple small deposits, and then collect foreign currency in foreign countries. Commonly known as "ants moving bricks", it is often used in conjunction with "head account". ?

24. Cross-border transactions: common in industries without physical goods. By using the method of falsifying the transaction amount, the money is first remitted to the foreign broker's account in a legal way, and then the money is divided through the foreign account, so as to distinguish the original transaction amount, the broker's commission and the money originally to be washed out.

25. Underground remittance: common in unscrupulous silver houses selling jewelry and gold ornaments. In addition to illegally exchanging foreign currency, cash can even be exchanged for foreign blank and endorsed checks for customers to deposit in foreign accounts. ?

26. Fund dispatch of multinational enterprises: It is common in financial industry, banks or insurance industry, and it is often carried out by a large number of cash bills across the country. For example, it is carried in the way of twine binding and carton. ?

27. Head-to-head property speculation: using heads to buy real estate, buying from contractors or developers at a discount of 5% to 3% of the market price, and paying in cash. Then sell it quickly in a short period of time (for example, the pre-sale house is before the house is handed over), and the profit is about 5%-1%. ?

28. Fake loan: it is often used to accept bribes or embezzle. The payee holds a promissory note or check cashed at a later date opened by the other party. Even if this promissory note or check is found, it can be claimed as a loan relationship. When the limelight is over or out of place, and there is no obvious consideration relationship, the promissory note or check will be handed over to a third party, or it will be cashed in the bank. Or the person who was caught embezzling said that he wanted to pay back the money, but if he wrote a promissory note or check, he would not really pay back the money as long as it was not cashed. ?

29. Counterfeit money or banknotes: a machine that changes counterfeit money or banknotes into coins through repeated small-sum consumption, or change by vending machines. Wash counterfeit money or banknotes into real money. Mafia: buying valuable drugs, drug trafficking, underground guns, etc. Pass the stolen money on to others?

3. Gift certificates in department stores are highly liquid, but because they are not easy to convert back into cash, it is necessary to have certain contacts to facilitate the digestion of gift certificates. For example, it is resold to the employee welfare institutions of various companies, and the gift certificate is distributed as a holiday bonus for employees of their companies.

Reference: Money laundering (an act of legalizing illegal gains) _ Baidu Encyclopedia? Anti-money laundering _ Baidu Encyclopedia