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The transaction costs of a stock exchange include
1, stamp duty. Stamp duty is a tax levied on investors of buyers and sellers at the prescribed tax rate after the transaction is completed according to the provisions of the national tax law.

2. Transfer fee. Transfer fees refers to the warrants that investors entrust to buy and sell, and the fees paid by buyers and sellers to change the equity registration after the fund transaction. This income belongs to the income of the securities registration and settlement institution, which is deducted by the securities operation institution in the settlement and delivery era with investors.

3. commission. The highest is 3‰ of the transaction amount, generally 1‰-3‰, and the lowest is from 5 yuan. If a single transaction is dissatisfied with 5 yuan, it will be charged according to 5 yuan.

4. Other expenses. Other expenses refer to commission fee (communication fee), withdrawal fee, inquiry fee, account opening fee, magnetic card fee, credit card fee for telephone commission and self-service commission, overtime fee, etc. Money paid by investors to the securities business department when they entrust the sale of securities.

I. Examples of transaction cost theory

1. Inductive engines are mainly for ordering and matching. All pawns in the trading center need a knotted power system for arbitrage, and its reliability or the feeling of reflecting on the trading mode of ordinary users is oppressive.

2. Blockchain exchange, the research and development of the digital foreign exchange reserve futures exchange module itself and all the hexadecimal currency issues of users are stored in the blockchain handbag, and every time the consumer's rights and interests are on the microfilm, they are successfully completed with the handbag.

3. Block trading management system. The characteristic of this information system is to clearly define the transaction mode and record the delivery statistics. It is responsible for managing the stock exchange's ups and downs, M-line or block trading statistics.

4. Bank account control system. Each customer has his own account on the trading platform, including personal identity data of the customer, important information of credit assets, delivery information, etc. All these personal information can be recorded and managed financially through the bank account management system.

2. Open a capital account.

Investors entrusted to buy and sell stocks must open a securities trading settlement fund account with a securities broker in advance. The fund account is used for the settlement of investors' securities transactions, and records the currency, balance and changes of funds. When opening a capital account, you must submit your ID card and securities account card. If someone else handles the account opening formalities, it shall also submit the power of attorney and ID card signed by the client. The investor's deposit in the capital account can be withdrawn at any time, and the securities broker will pay interest regularly according to the deposit interest rate and automatically transfer it to the investor's capital account. When investors entrust to buy, the fund account should have enough balance.