1. The following statement about securities investment funds is wrong:
A securities investment funds can be divided into money funds, bond funds and stock funds according to different investment objects.
B securities investment funds can be divided into growth funds, income funds and balanced funds according to the different investment risks and returns.
C securities investment funds can be divided into open-end funds and closed-end funds according to whether the fund share can be increased or redeemed.
D securities investment funds can be divided into corporate funds and contractual funds according to different organizational forms.
Answer a
The first step of analysis is to investigate microeconomic knowledge and choose the wrong item.
Second, according to different standards, securities investment funds can be divided into different types: (1) According to whether the fund share can be increased or redeemed, it can be divided into open-end funds and closed-end funds. Open-end funds are not traded on the market (as the case may be), but are purchased and redeemed by banks, brokers and fund companies, and the fund scale is not fixed; Closed-end funds have a fixed duration and are generally listed and traded on the stock exchange. Investors buy and sell fund shares through the secondary market. (2) According to different organizational forms, it can be divided into corporate funds and contractual funds. A fund is established by issuing fund shares to establish an investment fund company, which is usually called a corporate fund; The establishment of fund managers, fund custodians and investors through fund contracts is usually called contractual funds. China's securities investment funds are all contractual funds. (3) According to the different investment risks and returns, it can be divided into growth funds, income funds and balanced funds. (4) According to different investment objects, it can be divided into stock funds, bond funds, money market funds and futures funds. So item a was wrong and was elected.
Therefore, choose option a.
2.？ I went into Lan Zhi's room and didn't smell it for a long time? This fact reflects the following economic principles:
A. diminishing marginal effect
B. Pareto optimality
C. External influences
D. Matthew effect
Answer a
The first step of analysis is to examine the knowledge of economic principles.
Step two? I went into Lan Zhi's room and didn't smell it for a long time? From Confucius' family language? Six books mean: I entered a room full of herbs, and I couldn't smell the fragrance of herbs for a long time. It reflects the diminishing marginal utility. Declining marginal utility means that in a certain period of time, with the constant consumption of other goods or services, with the increasing consumption of a certain commodity or service, the utility increment obtained by consumers from each additional consumption unit of the commodity or service is gradually decreasing.
Therefore, choose option a.
Extension B: Pareto optimality, also known as Pareto efficiency, refers to an ideal state of resource allocation. Assuming that an inherent population and distributable resources will make at least one person better, but not anyone worse, this is Pareto improvement or Pareto optimization. Rule out item B.
Item C: Externality, also known as spillover effect, external influence, heterodyne effect or external effect, and external economy, refers to the situation that one person or a group of people's actions and decisions are harmful or beneficial to another person or a group of people. Exclude item C.
Item D: Matthew effect is a common term used by sociologists and economists. It reflects that the rich are richer and the poor are poorer, which is a polarized social phenomenon. From the New Testament? A fable in Matthew:? If there is anything, double it and say it is redundant; No, even what he's taking away? . Item d excludes liability.
3. The following economic views are wrong:
A complete economic cycle usually includes prosperity, recession, depression and recovery.
B. The trade deficit means that the import volume of a country or region is greater than the export volume.
C. inflation refers to the general and sustained increase in prices.
D expansionary fiscal policy is to increase government expenditure while increasing tax revenue.
Answer d
The first step of analysis is to investigate the knowledge of economic principles and choose the wrong items.
The second step, expansionary fiscal policy, also known as expansionary fiscal policy, is a kind of policy behavior that the state stimulates and increases the total social demand through financial distribution activities. Mainly through reducing taxes and increasing expenditures, we will expand the fiscal deficit and increase and stimulate the total social demand. ? Tax increase? This is a tight fiscal policy.
Therefore, choose the d option.
Extension A: Economic cycle generally refers to the regular expansion and contraction of economic activities along the overall trend of economic development. The changing process of a complete economic cycle is prosperity, recession, depression and recovery. Item A is correct and excluded.
Item B: Trade deficit? Trade surplus? , refers to the phenomenon that the import value of each country or region is greater than the export value in a certain period of time. Generally speaking, a country's foreign trade is at a disadvantage. Item b is correct and excluded.
Item C: Inflation refers to the general and sustained rise of the overall price level in a certain period of time. Item C is correct and excluded.
4. The correspondence between the following economic theories or policies and their supporters is incorrect:
A. Neoliberalism? Grouped
B. economic crisis theory? Marx
C. State regulation and economic intervention? Roosevelt
D. laissez-faire Adam? Smith (last name)
Answer a
The first step of analysis is to investigate the knowledge of economic principles and choose the wrong items.
Secondly, neoliberalism is an economic system and school that emphasizes laissez-faire theory and policy and opposes state intervention in domestic economy in contemporary economic theory, represented by Hayek. Alfred. Marshall is the most famous economist in modern Britain and the founder of neoclassical school. The core of Marshall's economic theory is the equilibrium price theory, and his Principles of Economics is the demonstration and extension of the equilibrium price theory. He believes that the market price depends on the balance of power between the supply and demand sides, just like the wings of scissors, which work at the same time.
Therefore, choose option a.
Expand Item B: Marx's economic crisis theory is an important part of Marxist economic theory and the product of studying the real economic crisis of liberal capitalism. The writing and publication of Das Kapital marks the completion of Marx's economic crisis theory. Based on historical materialism, Marx made a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the causes of economic crisis from production (supply), exchange (market), consumption (demand) to social and economic system by using the method of contradiction analysis. Item b is correct and excluded.
Item C: 1929, the American economic crisis broke out. 1933, Franklin? After Roosevelt Jr became president of the United States, he carried out a series of economic policies, the core of which was three R's: relief, recovery and reform. ? New Deal? Abandon traditional laissez-faire, strengthen government intervention in the economic field, implement deficit finance, and vigorously develop public utilities to stimulate the economy. Item C is correct and excluded.
Item d: Adam? Smith, an English economist, philosopher and writer, is the main founder of economics. Adam. Smith emphasized the free market, free trade and division of labor, wrote The Wealth of Nations, and founded a school of classical economics based on laissez-faire, which is known as? Father of classical economics? Father of modern economics? . Item d is correct and excluded.
5. In the Spring Festival of 2020, Xiao Minghua 1 0,000 yuan bought a special ticket to travel to Qin, but due to the epidemic situation, Xiao Ming could not travel and the ticket could not be returned and changed, so this 1 0,000 yuan belongs to:
A. opportunity cost
B. Allocation cost
C. Paid costs
D. Management costs
Answer c
The first step of analysis is to examine the knowledge of economic principles.
The second step, sunk cost refers to the cost that cannot be changed by any decision now or in the future because the past decision has already taken place. Air tickets belong to the cost of previous decisions and cannot be compensated by other means. It can neither be returned nor exchanged, which belongs to sunk cost.
Therefore, choose the c option.
Extended item A: Opportunity cost refers to the highest income that producers may get in other production and use if they give up using the same production factors. Therefore, rule out.
Item B: Menu cost means that the manufacturer with a certain monopoly power in the economy is the price decider and can choose the price. Therefore, rule out.
Item D: Management expenses refer to the expenses incurred by the administrative department of the enterprise for organizing and managing production and business activities.
6. After eight years, () was finally formally signed on June 5438+065438+1October 5, 2020, which is the largest free trade agreement in the world. Its member countries include ASEAN 10, China, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand, as well as the population and economic aggregates of these 15 member countries and New Zealand.
A. asia-pacific economic cooperation
B. Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement
C. Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP)
D. international monetary fund
Answer c
The first step of the analysis is to investigate the international economic knowledge.
The second step is to hold the fourth leaders' meeting of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement on June 5438+065438+1October 55438+05, 2020. Ten ASEAN countries and China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand and other 15 countries formally signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP), marking the formal conclusion of the largest free trade agreement in the world. Signing RCEP is an important step for regional countries to take practical actions to maintain the multilateral trading system and build an open world economy, which is of symbolic significance for deepening regional economic integration and stabilizing the global economy. The agreement follows closely the development trend of global trade and incorporates many new forms of trade, among which e-commerce is one. In addition to e-commerce, the agreement also includes intellectual property rights, competition policy, government procurement, small and medium-sized enterprises, etc., which is beyond the scope stipulated by the WTO.
Therefore, choose the c option.
Expand Item A: APEC generally refers to Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), which is an important economic cooperation forum and the highest-level intergovernmental economic cooperation mechanism in the Asia-Pacific region. Its official advisory body is the Pacific Rim University Alliance. 1989 165438+ The first ministerial meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation was held on 10 from 5 to 7 October, marking the establishment of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. 199 1 year1kloc-0/month China officially joined APEC with sovereign countries, China Taipei and China Hongkong as regional economies. Item A is inconsistent with the meaning of the question, so it is excluded.
Item B: The Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement generally refers to the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), which is an important international multilateral economic negotiation organization. It is a set of multilateral free trade agreements initiated by APEC members New Zealand, Singapore, Chile and Brunei, and has been brewing since 2002. China has not yet acceded to the agreement. Item b is inconsistent with the meaning of the question, so it is excluded.
Item D: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was established in Washington on February 27th, 1945 according to the IMF agreement signed at the Bretton Woods Conference in July. Established at the same time as the World Bank and listed as the two largest financial institutions in the world, their duties are to monitor the currency exchange rates and trade conditions of various countries, provide technical and financial assistance, and ensure the normal operation of the global financial system. China is one of the founding members of the International Monetary Fund. 1980, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund, on behalf of China, passed the resolution of the people of China and the government of China, and restored the legitimate seat of the people of China in the International Monetary Fund. Item d is inconsistent with the meaning of the question, so it is excluded.
7. The following statements about the basic principles of Marxist political economy are correct:
Working capital refers to the capital whose value increases in the production process.
B surplus value is neither in the circulation field nor inseparable from the circulation field.
Improving labor productivity can increase the quantity and value of goods produced per unit time.
D. state monopoly capitalism has a socialist component.
Answer b
The first step of analysis is to examine the knowledge of Marxist political economy.
Second, surplus value is produced in the production process, which is the part of the value created by hired workers that is occupied by capitalists for free, exceeding the labor value. Surplus value cannot be generated in the field of circulation, because in the process of commodity circulation, equivalent exchange is only the transformation of value, and unequal exchange is only the redistribution of established total value, which does not generate surplus value. Without the circulation field, the value cannot be multiplied, because capitalists do not put money into circulation to buy labor goods; The surplus value can't be produced and realized if the goods condensed the surplus labor of laborers are not sold in the market.
Therefore, choose option B.
Expansion A: Working capital refers to the part of production capital used for purchasing raw materials, fuels, auxiliary materials and other labor objects and for purchasing labor force, including all variable capital and part of constant capital. Current capital and fixed capital are the divisions of capital according to different turnover modes. Capital is divided into constant capital and variable capital according to its different functions in the process of value appreciation, which are two different ways of division. Error in item A, eliminate it.
Item C: The improvement of labor productivity refers to the number of products produced per unit time, that is, the use value increases, but the formed value will not increase, so the average value of unit products will decrease. Therefore, the value of a commodity is directly proportional to the socially necessary labor time embodied in the commodity and inversely proportional to the social labor productivity of producing the commodity. Error c, eliminate it.
Item D: State monopoly capitalism is a combination of state power and monopoly capital. Its means of production are still private, capitalists still exploit the surplus value of working people, and capitalists and workers are extremely unequal in the production process. State monopoly is actually the deepening of individual monopoly, which further promotes the development of monopoly capitalism. In some respects, state monopoly capitalism can be regarded as the pre-stage of socialism, but it does not contain socialist factors. Item d error, eliminate.
Second, multiple choice questions
8. Smoking is a common habitual social behavior, and there are huge economic problems hidden behind the debate about its health. The following is a correct understanding of smoking from the perspective of economics:
A. Compared with middle-aged people, teenagers are more sensitive to changes in cigarette prices.
B. Tobacco companies tend to advocate the relationship between tobacco and marijuana as substitutes.
C. Banning cigarette advertising belongs to reducing cigarette demand by market means.
D. Increasing cigarette tax will make the demand curve of cigarettes move laterally.
Answer the advertisement
The first step of analysis is to investigate microeconomic knowledge.
Second, cigarettes are not a necessity. When the price of cigarettes changes, compared with middle-aged people, teenagers have weaker economic foundation, weaker ability to cope with price changes, and more obvious changes in product demand caused by price changes. Tax increase is a means of macro-control. If the government increases taxes, the price of cigarettes will increase, and the increase in prices will reduce the demand for cigarettes, then the demand curve will shift to the right.
Therefore, select the advertising option.
Extended item B: Substitution relationship means that two commodities can be substituted for each other to satisfy the same desire. For example, beef and pork are such an alternative relationship. Marijuana is a drug, not a substitute for cigarettes. Error b, eliminate it.
Item C: Macro-control refers to the economic behavior of the government, as the main body of the market economy, to achieve a balanced economic structure and sustainable economic development through administrative and economic means (mainly financial means), with the economic subject as the leading factor and the symmetrical relationship between the economic subject and the economic object as the core. Market regulation is the spontaneous regulation of economic operation by the law of value. Therefore, banning cigarette advertising is macro-control by administrative means. Error c, eliminate it.
9. One day, Xiao Zhang did the following: (1) bought a bottle of 5 yuan-priced drinks in the mall; (2) Deposit the bonus of 3000 yuan in the bank; (3) WeChat transfers the rent 1200 yuan to the landlord. What functions of money are reflected in the above:
A. Value scale
B. Means of circulation
C. payment instruments
D. Means of storage
Answer ABC
The first step of analysis is to examine the knowledge of goods and money.
The second step, functions of money refers to the concrete embodiment of the essence of money. Under the condition of developed commodity economy, money has five functions: value scale, circulation means, storage means, payment means and world currency.
1. Value scale
It refers to the use of money as a social yardstick to measure the value of goods, and the reason why money can have the function of value yardstick is that money itself has value, so it can use its own value as a yardstick to measure the value of other goods.
2. Means of circulation
It refers to the function of using money as the medium of exchange between different commodities, that is, the means of purchase. The main feature of this function is that in the sale of goods, the transfer of goods and money can be completed at the same time.
3. Storage device
It refers to the function that money exits the circulation field and is preserved as the general representative of social wealth. The function of money storage means is to spontaneously adjust the total amount of money circulating in society.
4. Payment instruments
This function arises from the sale of goods on credit. In commodity credit sales, money can be used to pay the debts existing in sales, and then develop to pay rent, interest, taxes, wages and so on.
5. World currency
Refers to the currency beyond the domestic circulation field, and performs the function of universal equivalent in the world market. As a world currency, precious metals have the following functions: as a general means of payment, to pay the balance of payments, as a general means of purchase, to buy foreign goods, and as an absolute social embodiment of wealth, they are transferred from one country to another.
(1) bought a 5 yuan-priced drink at the mall; At this time, money is performing the functions of value scale and circulation means.
(2) Deposit the bonus of 3000 yuan in the bank; At this time, money is performing the function of means of payment.
(3) WeChat transfers the rent 1200 yuan to the landlord. At this time, money is performing the function of means of payment.
Therefore, select the ABC option.
10. The following statement about China's economic common sense is correct:
A. the initial distribution is decided by the government.
B. We should accelerate the construction of a strong manufacturing country and the development of advanced manufacturing industries.
C. the focus of economic development is the real economy.
D. the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation.
Answer BCD
The first step of analysis is to examine the knowledge of economics.
The second step is to accelerate the development of the modern industrial system and promote the optimization and upgrading of the economic system. Adhere to the focus of economic development on the real economy, unswervingly build a manufacturing power, a quality power, a network power and a digital China, promote industrial base upgrading and industrial chain modernization, and improve economic quality and efficiency and core competitiveness. Build a unified, open and competitive market system to make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation.
Therefore, select the BCD option.
Extended Item A: Initial distribution refers to the distribution in which gross national income is directly related to production factors. Any production activity is inseparable from factors of production such as labor, capital, land and technology. Under the market economy, it takes a certain amount of money to obtain these factors, and this monetary reward forms the initial distribution income of the providers of various factors. The initial allocation is determined by the market, and item A is not consistent with the meaning of the question, so it is excluded.