Brief introduction to the important changes of conviction and sentencing principles in Ming Dynasty. (1) New and heavier punishment principle. Daming Law endows the laws of Ming Dynasty with retroactivity, and crimes are convicted and sentenced according to the newly promulgated laws at the time of committing crimes, which changes the principles of criminal law application since Han and Tang Dynasties and makes conviction and sentencing have a new and heavier nature. (2) The principle of legal analogy. "Daming Law" stipulates that cases applying the law analogy method must be reported to the Ministry of Punishment for consultation and submitted to the emperor for final decision.

Legal basis:

Article 225 of the Criminal Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), in violation of state regulations, commits one of the following illegal business operations, disrupting market order, and if the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention, and shall also, or shall only, be fined not less than one time but not more than five times the illegal income; If the circumstances are especially serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years, and shall also be fined not less than one time but not more than five times for illegal gains or confiscation of property:

(a) operating a franchise or monopoly commodity or other commodities whose operation is restricted by laws and administrative regulations without permission;

(2) buying and selling import and export licenses, import and export certificates of origin and other business licenses or approval documents stipulated by laws and administrative regulations;

(three) without the approval of the relevant competent departments of the state, illegally engaged in securities, futures, insurance business, or illegally engaged in fund payment and settlement business;

(four) other illegal business activities that seriously disrupt the market order.