19 14 On May 9, at the initiative of Dutch Marin, the Indonesian Socialist Party initiated the establishment of the East India Social Democratic Union. 1920 On May 23rd, Indonesian communist party people reorganized the East India Social Democratic Union, which was founded in 19 14, into the East India Communist Union. 1924 The East India Communist Union was renamed Indonesia. Sudarsono served as Indonesian President. At that time, Indonesia, also known as East India, was a colony of the Netherlands. Under the leadership of Indonesia, the workers' movement flourished and farmers joined the Party's mass organization, the People's Alliance. The colonial authorities took cruel repressive measures, and many * * * were exiled abroad. 1926 * * people led the Indonesian national uprising, but they were brutally suppressed. After that, Indonesia will be in a low tide for nearly 20 years. 1942 In March, the Japanese invaded Indonesia and the Dutch colonial authorities surrendered. On the one hand, the Japanese invaders plundered and searched Indonesia crazily; At the same time, in order to attract influential nationalists as political tools, Su Jianuo and Hada, who had been leading Indonesian independence, were taken back from exile. During the Japanese occupation period, most Indonesian bourgeois nationalists basically took the position of cooperating with the Japanese occupation authorities, and at the same time used their legal status to carry out a lot of nationalist propaganda work.

: o 'i sx1August, 94515th, Japan surrendered unconditionally, and the Indonesian people launched the August Revolution. 18 in August, the independent preparatory committee adopted the constitution, and Su Jianuo and M. Hada were elected president and vice president respectively. The left-wing Coalition led by the socialist party was elected to power, and Amir, chairman of the socialist party, was elected prime minister. In September of the same year, the British army landed in Indonesia, and the Netherlands also attempted to make a comeback. Dutch colonists launched two colonial wars in 1947 and 1948. In the negotiations with the Netherlands, due to the lack of support from the two major political parties in Indonesia, namely, the Kuomintang and the Muslim Party, Amir's cabinet had to step down. Therefore, President Su Jianuo had to invite Vice President Hada, who was pro-Western and always anti-Communist, to form a temporary cabinet.

1In August, 948, Musso returned to Indonesia and reorganized Indonesia, entrusted by the Soviet Union and the Communist International. On September 1 day, the Indonesian National Party Congress criticized the right capitulation mistake of the former Indonesian communist party Tammara Ka. Musso was elected President of Indonesian communist party and established a new Central Committee and Standing Committee. The Socialist Party, Labour Party, Indonesian Federation of Trade Unions, Indonesian Farmers Front and Indonesian Socialist Youth League led by former Prime Minister Amir announced their merger with Indonesia, and the People's Army controlled by the Socialist Party provided Indonesia with a very important and powerful armed force.

As soon as Hada's government came to power, it was violently attacked by left-wing groups. Amir accused the Hada government of reaching an unprincipled compromise with the Netherlands. However, the biggest difficulty facing the government is that the Dutch government continues to establish a puppet local vassal state in its occupied areas during the negotiations. A total of more than a dozen countries have been established. The Dutch government's purpose is obvious. He wanted to use these numerous vassal States to lower the political status of the Republic of Indonesia at home and abroad, weaken the bargaining cost of the Indonesian government, and thus weaken the influence of the Republic of Indonesia in the Dutch occupied areas. *z'j]6？ @2D

Moreover, due to years of war, the military expenditure is huge, the income is reduced, and the economy of countries in trouble is doubly difficult. Government expenditure, especially the largest military expenditure, must be resolutely reduced. The specific implementation method is to streamline the army as the main goal. In Hada's mind, which is far right and always insists on anti-communism, reforming the national economy is secondary. The main task is to completely eradicate the forces in the Indonesian army and society. So most of the streamlining and decentralization belong to the people's army, an irregular army. At the same time, the United States also gave Hada government a lot of money in exchange for implementing the proposal put forward by the United States to eliminate the "red * * *" movement. At this time, Indonesia has formed two camps: one is the Hada government supported by the military, and the other is the anti-government Indonesia with an irregular army. The relationship between the two sides is deteriorating. /kloc-in September of 0/5, a large-scale armed conflict finally broke out between the two sides in Thoreau. The Fourth Division of the People's Army, the Indonesian-controlled Marine Corps and the Socialist Youth League jointly launched an attack on Thoreau, and the government forces were forced to transfer a large amount of military support from nearby Ma Lifen to recapture Thoreau. While all the attention was focused on the Battle of Thoreau, the 29th Brigade of the People's Army, the Marine Corps and the pro-communist government forces suddenly launched an all-out attack on Marifen at 3 a.m. in 18, with three gunshots as the signal. KPA quickly occupied all government agencies, banks and radio stations in Ma Lifen. And announced that Marifen had established a Soviet government led by workers and peasants.

Hada quickly ordered the mobilization of heavy troops in an attempt to recover Ma Lifen. On September 2 1 day, Siriwan, an elite government army led by General Nasudian, was ordered to recover Ma Lifen. Although the People's Army has advantages in numbers, it is extremely poorly equipped. With the progress of the war, there are more and more reinforcements from the government forces, and the situation of the People's Army is getting worse and worse. On September 30th, the People's Army withdrew from Ma Lifen and was defeated by the government forces. Musso and Amir had to lead the remaining scattered troops to persist in guerrilla warfare.

On June 365438+1October 3 1 day, when government troops were patrolling in the south of Ponoroko, they met a small group of exhausted Indian communists, and the two sides immediately opened fire on each other. As a result, this small group of communists was completely wiped out in intensive shooting. After the war subsided, government troops found Musso's body in these dead communist party member. By June 26th, 165438+, Amir, former Indonesian President of communist party Shazono and Commander-in-Chief of People's Army Joko Sujano were surrounded by government troops. After the breakthrough failed, they surrendered in February 1. The government forces captured nearly 800 senior cadres in communist party in the whole sweeping operation, and they were put into the prison in Solo District. Thousands of Indonesian workers and members of pro-communist trade unions and cultural groups were also arrested in Marifen. Nearly 35,000 people were detained, including many innocent civilians and China people. Throughout June+February, 5438, Indonesian officials and their supporters were executed all over Indonesia without going through the courts. Amir and other senior Indonesian communist party cadres arrested were also shot by the authorities in June 6438+February 65438+September. At this point, 1948 communist party's coup in Ma Lifen ended in communist party's fiasco. Indonesia * * * is almost the collapse of the whole party.