First, emancipate the mind and cultivate new advantages in institutional mechanisms.
The promotion of comprehensive competitiveness of autonomous regions depends not only on preferential policies and flexible measures, but also on market mechanism, development environment and institutional innovation. Although the central government has increased its financial and policy support for Xinjiang since the mid-1990s, due to the severe constraints of "effective system shortage", the expected rapid growth has not occurred. Backward concept, unsmooth development system, inflexible mechanism and poor soft environment are the most important reasons for the backward economic and social development in Xinjiang. Market economy needs advanced development concept, efficient development system and flexible development mechanism. In the face of a rare and significant development opportunity in history, we must work hard on system reform and mechanism innovation in order to accelerate development.
First of all, it is necessary to speed up the transformation of government management functions and roles. Adhere to the guidance of modern culture, emancipate the mind, cultivate an excellent civil servant team with strong market competition consciousness, innovative ideas and courage to be the first, and build a service-oriented government; It is necessary to establish an institutional mechanism that is compatible with the development of market economy, simplify procedures, lower the entry threshold, improve administrative efficiency, enhance government credit, and further optimize the development environment. It is necessary to establish a correct view of political achievements, improve the evaluation system, be brave in innovation and responsibility, and overcome the negative thoughts and practices of "waiting, relying and wanting". It is necessary to strengthen management innovation and process innovation, think about what enterprises think and what enterprises are anxious about, strengthen the construction of credit system, reduce costs and cultivate new competitiveness by means of technological innovation.
Second, accelerate institutional innovation and ownership structure transformation under the market mechanism. State-owned enterprises in Xinjiang still account for a large proportion, and the proportion of foreign capital, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan capital and non-public economy is far lower than that in the eastern region. Foreign capital and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan-funded enterprises have advanced management majors and concepts in capital and labor, which have a strong demonstration effect. Their management mode and advanced technology are very attractive to domestic enterprises. Non-public ownership economy plays a very significant role in promoting local economic development, increasing fiscal revenue and absorbing employment, and is a new force in Xinjiang's economic and social development.
Third, forge ahead in the supply of production factors and accelerate the absorption and activation of capital, manpower, technology, land and other production factors. Capital plays an important role in the economic take-off of developing countries and regions. Without capital, it is difficult for a country or region to "take off" its economic development. Compared with the eastern region, Xinjiang's economic development suffers from financial repression due to the lagging reform of investment and financing system, slow change of financial structure, imperfect development of capital market, narrow financing channels for enterprises and imperfect credit mechanism. This urgently requires us to establish and improve the local financial system and capital market to solve the shortage of funds for economic development. In addition to giving full play to the role of policy finance and development finance, it is also necessary to build a market-oriented financing platform, set up the Western Development Bank, and develop institutions or organizations such as insurance, securities, futures, trusts, funds and leasing, as well as modern service industries dominated by financial services. Vigorously develop regional labor market, property right market, technology market and land market to provide strong support and guarantee for Xinjiang's leap-forward development.
Second, stress practical results and cultivate new advantages in talent competition.
Talent is the first resource, and the shortage of human resources and talents is one of the main factors restricting Xinjiang's economic construction and social development. Human resources, like other resources, present "Matthew effect". The more underdeveloped areas, the easier it is to lose talents. Xinjiang has a serious brain drain every year, which makes it more difficult to attract talents than other regions. From the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China to 1966, Xinjiang was a region with many talented people. Many experts, scholars, college graduates and aspiring young people came to Xinjiang voluntarily to make contributions to the most difficult frontier in China. The main reasons are political pursuit and high income level. Since the reform and opening up, the gradual opening up of the eastern coastal cities and the rapid introduction of market mechanism, coupled with high wages, have attracted a large number of high-tech talents from all over the country, rapidly completed the rapid accumulation of talent resources and a qualitative leap in talent structure, and provided us with new experiences.
At present, Xinjiang has entered a new stage of great development, construction and development. Without the support of talents, there will be no economic development, social progress and social civilization. Xinjiang urgently needs to gather all kinds of talents to provide intellectual support for scientific leapfrogging and catching up.
First of all, we should start with institutional innovation, and under the guidance of the basic principles and strategic objectives of the national talent development plan, adjust and formulate laws, regulations, rules and policies for talent development in Xinjiang, and build a working platform and living environment for all kinds of talents with "entrepreneurial opportunities and an official stage".
Secondly, the talent training policy should be changed from "introduction, training and use" to "use, training and introduction", focusing on the use of existing talents, and improving through education and training in the case of insufficient knowledge, skills and ability. Pay attention to training practical talents, vigorously develop vocational education to meet the needs of industrial development. Stimulate the entrepreneurial consciousness of the whole people, expand the development opportunities of the whole people, improve the development ability of the whole people, and provide people with various development means and ways. Establish a flexible and competitive labor market and encourage the flow of talents and labor in urban and rural areas.
Third, take differentiated measures to attract and retain talents. Actively and steadily introduce all kinds of high-end, urgently needed and scarce talents, and truly realize the full use of talents. For the development of new talent resources, especially the introduction of external talents, we should work hard on the concept, organization and policy of attracting talents, exempt the personal income tax of talents as soon as possible, and create a space and environment for retaining people with treatment, affection, entrepreneurship and expansion. At the same time, it should be noted that the introduction of talents should be guided by market demand. Ignoring market demand and introducing for the sake of introduction will only lead to a waste of resources; Even if there is market demand, if there is no suitable system and cultural environment, it is difficult for the imported talents to function normally.
Third, innovate ideas and create new advantages of low-cost location space.
Generally speaking, the low-cost development model we often talk about refers to the "four lows" development model from the perspective of enterprises or governments, including low labor cost, low social welfare cost, low product quality and safety guarantee cost and low environmental pollution cost. This low-cost advantage has given great impetus to China's economy. Xinjiang has low-cost advantages in resources, location, manpower, land and energy, and has the conditions and environment to create new advantages in low-cost location space.
First of all, we should give full play to the advantages of natural resources, minerals, humanities, tourism and other resources, adhere to market orientation, and accelerate the transformation of superior resources into advantageous industries, and then into economic advantages and competitive advantages. Use the richness and low cost of superior resources to provide conditions and raw materials for the development of enterprises and attract more enterprises to invest and set up factories in Xinjiang.