On the whole, the financial industry has always been popular, and the career prospects are generally optimistic. However, from the actual employment situation, polarization is more serious. According to the observation and statistics of big data, it is found that there are not a few masters in finance in well-known universities. If the tutor has great influence, he will pay attention to practice during school and have a deep research foundation. They just graduated from school with an annual salary of over 65,438+10,000.

1, the employment situation is clear at a glance.

In recent years, China's financial market is moving towards internationalization, and highly specialized talents are urgently needed. The demand for employment talents in the financial industry is mainly concentrated in high-end markets, such as market research and analysis of university teachers and large companies, fund managers, investment managers, securities companies, insurance companies, trust and investment companies and so on.

2. Overview of employment direction

Regardless of whether they graduate from a bachelor's degree or a master's degree, graduates majoring in finance generally have employment directions such as economic analysis and forecasting, foreign trade, marketing and management. If they can obtain some qualification certificates, their employment will be wider, their employment level will be higher and their treatment will be better, such as CFA, FRM, CWM, fund managers, precision calculators, securities brokers and stock analysts.

3, nine types of financial talent demand

At present, there is a great demand for financial talents in the domestic financial market, especially nine categories of talents, such as financial analysts, financial risk managers, chartered wealth managers, fund managers, actuaries, senior executives of vice presidents, inspection and supervision personnel, product developers and backstage staff (experienced in finance, settlement and taxation).

Financial Analyst (CFA): In developed countries and regions such as Europe and America, obtaining CFA qualification is almost a necessary condition for entering the investment field. So far, only 35,500 people in the world have passed the exam, while in Chinese mainland, about 50 people have this qualification at present, and the demand for CFA will exceed 5,000 in the next three years.

Financial Risk Manager (FRM): With the continuous development of financial markets, risks will also arise. Under the dual pressure of management pressure and competition from foreign financial institutions, domestic financial industry enterprises and large state-owned enterprises have strengthened the measurement and management of financial risks and improved their ability to prevent and control financial risks. In this case, professionals with risk management knowledge are very popular in enterprises. As the most authoritative financial risk management certification in the world, FRM certificate has the ability to objectively measure risks based on global standards, and it has also become a standard for enterprises to measure whether candidates have strong risk management capabilities. Many people sign up for FRM to learn risk management knowledge in order to develop better in the financial circle.

Chartered wealth manager: more than 5 years working experience in financial institutions, good economic foundation and proficient in at least two investment fields, with high requirements that few people can pass.

Investment management talents: the market is in urgent need of a large number of investment management talents, mainly including venture capital talents, financial leasing talents, financial business representatives, personal investment consultants, etc.

Auditor-in-charge: Those who have the ability are willing to change jobs only if their salary can be 30% to 40% higher than before.

4. Career development paths of different positions

What experience does every position in the financial industry need? What skills? What is the career development path?

Part 1

bank

Zhu, director of recruitment and employment management in the human resources department of Bank of China, said that the positions of the Bank for fresh graduates are mainly divided into two categories: basic services such as customer service and professional positions such as financial research. Graduates should make such basic professional reserves first, and most of them need to accumulate experience in rotation. "The pressure on banks is much greater than anyone thought before." At Bank of China, most of the executives are from the front line. "This is a strategic consideration. Although the head office is comfortable, we really have to learn to give up a lot and pay more. "

the second part

Trust, Securities \ Fund

The threshold of trust and securities is relatively high, and experienced job seekers are generally preferred. However, some companies will open a certain number of recruitment places for fresh graduates every year. For example, Zhongrong Trust recruited 140 fresh graduates last year, and the positions were concentrated in the assistant trust manager of the front desk business department; Risk control, legal affairs and product support in the middle and back office.

Trust personnel generally have to start as assistants and then be promoted according to the path of trust manager and senior trust manager before they can reach the level of director and be responsible for business work. Due to the increasingly standardized management of trust companies by regulatory authorities in recent years, the situation that trust companies can be promoted after working for half a year to 1 year will be gradually controlled. After standardization, the promotion speed of each level is about 2 to 3 years. Securities are similar.

the third part

investment bank

Investment banks have high barriers to entry. Take Morgan Stanley as an example. At present, the fresh graduates they recruit in China are mainly graduate students or above from Peking University, Tsinghua University, Fudan University and Jiaotong University, and they must start their internship at Morgan Stanley one year before graduation. According to Bai, executive director and human resources director of China District, the recruitment of talents in this direction requires high professional skills and cultural dimensions besides basic professional skills, including communication skills, teamwork and project management. In addition, having an international perspective is also one of their valuable qualities. "It may not be effective when selecting talents at the beginning, but it is very important for this employee to stay in the company for a long time."

part four

Fund venture capital

Relatively speaking, fund venture capital companies pay more attention to comprehensive quality and practical experience, so fewer fresh graduates are recruited. According to Wang Jianqing, managing director of Junlian Capital, the fund venture capital industry has a characteristic that it needs to have a strong understanding and learning ability in technology, business model and business logic. Therefore, most fund venture capital companies hope that job seekers have a background in science and engineering during their undergraduate years. Wang Xiaolan also believes that it takes too much time to train a college graduate because the industry requires high comprehensive quality. Generally, only one or two college students are recruited a year, and the career development path is the same as that of an investment bank.

The direction of the financial industry is specific to posts, with primary service posts as the mainstay. The development of general financial graduates takes this as the starting point of the industry.

The fifth part

Bank customer service

For graduates, the basic services of banks are still the main direction, and the number of recruits is more than 10,000 every year. The job content is to deal with personal business and official business, and the work intensity is relatively high. This position has a low threshold, and most of them only need to graduate from undergraduate courses. At the same time, the incremental demand in first-tier cities decreases, and more demand sinks with the layout of outlets.

Part VI

Customer manager

Securities, banks, trusts and other institutions will always have more demand for sales positions, and the corresponding positions are securities brokers, account managers and trust managers. This kind of position requires the ability to maintain customer relations and establish customer resources, and requires high communication and customer management skills, and has the pressure of performance appraisal.

Part VII

Foreign bank management trainee

The school recruitment projects of foreign banks are mainly management students, with a relatively high starting point. Guan Peisheng's job rotation cycle is usually 1.5 to 2 years. They need to enter different business modules such as front-line business, core projects, middle and back-office posts and functional departments of various banking departments to participate in practical work, and then determine the direction of post setting after fully understanding the business. Most of these positions are undergraduate or master graduates from famous universities at home and abroad.

Part VIII

bill broker

The recruitment demand of the securities industry is related to the heat of the investment market. For example, when the stock market is good, the demand for securities recruitment will be more active. Securities broker is also a marketing position, whose main job is customer development and service, and the promotion of securities investment and wealth management products and businesses, with a commission ratio. This position will give priority to those who have obtained the professional qualification or special qualification of securities brokers.

Part 9

Securities analyst/financial researcher

The main job is to analyze the securities market, securities value and changing trend, and issue research reports to investors or institutions. This kind of post requires master students to systematically study securities analysis, finance and other knowledge, preferably to understand accounting and auditing knowledge, and to have good customer communication and professional writing skills. Professional certificates such as FRM/CFA will add a lot of points.

Part 10

Risk management/control

Financial industry is operational risk, and risk control is the core link. This is more obvious in the securities industry, because brokers, funds, futures and so on. Everyone makes a living by managing risks. Risk management and securities research have higher education threshold, and they tend to have master's degree or above in financial mathematics, financial engineering and mathematical statistics, and understand the pricing theory and model of financial derivatives. Because it involves product design and process management control, it is best to cover legal knowledge.

Part 1 1

Securities/investment project management

The main work contents are project risk assessment and analysis, project establishment, due diligence, scheme design, negotiation, etc. Wang Jianqing believes that investment needs a strong comprehensive ability, and will generally consider looking for it from MBA. "MBA students with science and engineering background or industry background are ideal."

Parts 12

investment banking

On the whole, investment banks have been out of the era of profiteering and need to find new profit points in their business. Take Morgan Stanley as an example. Their strategy is to transform into asset management. At the same time, it also means that cost control needs to be strengthened, and the salary of investment banks may not be as good as before. However, due to the suspension of IPO in China, the recruitment demand of the investment banking department will decrease. The basic requirements of this kind of post for fresh graduates are international vision and English communication skills.

Parts 13

With the rise of internet finance, there is a big talent gap.

The talents needed by Internet finance enterprises are generally divided into four categories: "typical" traditional financial talents, financial product research and development talents, Internet technology talents and Internet operation and promotion talents.

At present, there are three kinds of talents urgently needed in the industry: technicians, financial personnel and operators.

If you are a technical party, you'd better know R&D of PC, R&D of mobile, R&D of products, etc.

If you are a finance school, you'd better know about financial product design, financial modeling, risk control, and how to conduct big data analysis. Of course, for some platforms that carry out offline business, there is also an urgent need for account managers with local connections and experience;

If you are a dog operator, you should not only know how to follow the trend of hot spots, but also know a little about finance and the way of Internet communication. People like Lei Jun and Diao Yecan who can play with concepts and package successfully attract people's attention.

5 salary level

There is a big gap between the salary and income of graduate students majoring in finance, which is closely related to the popularity and influence of schools and tutors, as well as their own ability shaping and practical experience. Among them, financing, capital operation and consulting services have broader development prospects and considerable income. The monthly salary ranges from 6000 yuan to 30000 yuan. If you can enter multinational investment banks or multinational consulting companies such as Accenture and McKinsey, the annual salary is mostly around 200,000, and there are other benefits.

6 industry-wide employment scanning

Employment rate index of finance major this year:

Among the graduates majoring in finance, 95% found jobs before or just after graduation, and 4% found jobs after graduation 1 year. According to the score of 10, the fresh employment rate index of this major is 9.60, which is above average compared with other majors.

Financial industry scanning:

The employment of students majoring in finance is mainly concentrated in the financial system, consulting industry, securities industry, accounting, investment banking, media, public decision-making or research departments. Of course, there are also independent entrepreneurs or employees in other industries.

The financial system is mainly banks and asset management companies, and major banks provide a certain number of jobs every year. The main distribution is as follows:

1. Central Bank: China People's Bank.

2. China Banking Regulatory Commission.

3. National policy banks: China Development Bank, Agricultural Development Bank of The Export-Import Bank of China and China.

4. Four major commercial banks: China Industrial and Commercial Bank, China Agricultural Bank, China Bank and China Construction Bank.

5. Joint-stock commercial banks: Bank of Communications, Shenzhen Development Bank, China Merchants Bank, China Minsheng Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, Huaxia Bank, China CITIC Bank, Industrial Bank, China Everbright Bank, China Guangfa Bank and China Bohai Bank.

6. City commercial banks: Basically all cities have their own city commercial banks.

7 rural commercial banks, rural cooperative banks and rural credit cooperatives

8. Some institutions of foreign banks in China, such as Citigroup.

The consulting industry is mainly management consulting, marketing consulting, IT consulting and other consulting institutions and investment banks, including Bi Bo, Accenture, McKinsey, Boston, Bain, Capgemini, Roland, Berg, Kearney, Moritt, Deloitte, Bos, PricewaterhouseCoopers and other multinational consulting companies. And well-known local consulting companies such as Peking University Zongheng, Hejun Venture, Xinhua Letter, Zhuo Yuan, Hampton and Huaxia Cornerstone.

The securities industry mainly includes various securities companies, such as Guotai Junan, Huaxia Securities, China Merchants Securities, Guosen Securities, Haitong Securities, Everbright Securities and Huatai Securities.

Media is also a good industry. Generally speaking, the media space for students majoring in economics is relatively large, mainly concentrated in financial media, such as Securities Times, Financial Times, china securities journal, shanghai securities news, 2/kloc-0 Century Business Report, Economic Observer, China Business News, Financial Times, Business Times, Economic Reference News, China Finance News, China Economic Times, China Business News, etc.

Others, such as some scientific research institutes, government departments, and some graduate students majoring in economics, such as social security fund management center (or social security bureau, generally insurance direction), finance, auditing, customs departments, etc. Teachers majoring in finance in colleges and universities; Researchers in research institutions; Securities department, finance department, securities affairs representative, secretariat of the board of directors, etc. Listed (or to be listed) joint-stock companies.