The basis for calculating profit and loss is the daily settlement price. Therefore, after the profit and loss settlement, the cost price of the remaining positions becomes the settlement price of the day.
Give examples to illustrate how to calculate equity, position margin and fund balance. Some investors know that the fund balance is the equity of the day minus the position margin. If the equity of the day is less than the position margin, it means that the fund balance is negative and the margin is insufficient.
According to the regulations, the futures brokerage company will notify the account owner to make up the deposit before the market opens on the next trading day. This move is called additional margin. If the account owner fails to make up the margin before the market opens on the next trading day, according to the regulations, the futures brokerage company may implement partial or full compulsory liquidation of the account owner's positions until the retained margin meets the specified requirements.
Suppose that the original deposit of a customer's account is 200,000 yuan, and on August 9, he opened a position to buy 15 September Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index futures contracts, with an average price of 1 0,200 points (spot per hand 1 0,000 yuan), unilateral handling fee per hand 10 yuan, and the settlement price of that day/kloc-0.
Profit and loss of opening positions on that day = (1195-1200 )×15×100 =-7,500 yuan, and handling fee =10×1.
Japanese right = 200000-7500-150 =192350 yuan.
Margin occupancy =1195×15×100× 8% =143400 yuan.
Fund balance (i.e. tradable funds) =192350-143400 = 48950 yuan. In August 10, the customer did not trade, but the September contract settlement price of Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index futures fell to 1 150 points. The accounting situation of that day is as follows:
Historical position gain and loss = (1150-1195) ×15×100 =-67500 yuan, and current equity =1923550 yuan.
Margin occupancy =1150x15x8% =138,000 yuan.
Balance of funds (that is, funds for opening trades) =124850-138000 =-13/50 yuan Obviously, the margin is still insufficient to maintain the long position of 15 lots. After calculation, the futures brokerage company can reserve the interest of 124850 yuan at most 124850 yuan/(1150×100× 8%) =13.57 lots. In this way, brokers can close at least 2 lots.
Avoid Man Cang operation and prevent warehouse explosion. Another situation is short position, that is, the account equity is negative, that is to say, the deposit is not only gone, but also owed.
Under normal circumstances, under the daily liquidation system and the compulsory liquidation system, there will be no explosion of positions. However, in some special circumstances, such as when there is a gap change in the market, accounts with more positions and opposite directions are likely to explode. For example, before the opening of 1 1 in August, the customer failed to pay the additional margin to the futures company. In September, the stock index futures contract fell by 90 points, opened at 1060 and continued to fall. The futures brokerage company forced the liquidation of customers 15, and the transaction price was 1055.
In this way, the situation of this account is:
Liquidation profit and loss of the day = (1055-150) ×15×100 =-172500 yuan handling fee =10×/kloc.
Actual rights and interests =124850-172500-150 =-47800 yuan.
That is, the customer owes the futures brokerage company 47,800 yuan.
When there is a short position, investors need to make up the deficit, otherwise they will face legal recourse.
In order to avoid this situation, it is necessary to control positions specially and avoid Man Cang operation like stock trading.