Look at the following information, and practice makes true knowledge.
Section 1 Steps for Opening a Stock Account
If you make up your mind to start stock trading, you must first open a personal stock account in the securities business department. This program is not complicated at all. The specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: Optimize the selection.
First of all, find a business department that you think is convenient for trading, such as one near home or work. If you are going to speculate on B shares and third board shares, you'd better find a general trading business department. In addition, find a business department with low commission. At present, the handling fee fluctuates from 1‰ to 2.5‰. However, due to different commissions, the service levels of hardware and software may be different. So you have to consider the relationship between the two. Later, when deciding to open an account in the business department, I must bring my original ID card and current passbook (ICBC, CCB and China Merchants Bank are all allowed, and the amount in the passbook is not limited) to the business department to handle specific account opening matters.
Step 2: Shareholder registration
When you have your ID card ready, you can explain your purpose to the staff at the counter designated by the sales department. Generally, you just need to say a few words: "Hello, I'm going to open an account in stock trading. What should I do? " At this time, the staff will hand you several forms and agreements, including account opening application registration form, entrusted transaction agreement, designated transaction agreement, new share placement agreement, etc. These forms and agreements are not troublesome to fill out, and they are basically in a fixed format. You must write clearly and fill in item by item. Note: Don't write your name and ID number wrong. If you really don't know how to fill it out, don't be embarrassed, take the initiative to ask the staff, and she (he) will answer you patiently. After filling out these forms and agreements, give your ID card and passbook to the staff. At this time, the staff will input your personal data into the computer one by one. You pay the account opening fee to the staff (account opening fee stipulated by the state: 40 yuan, Shanghai and 50 yuan, Shenzhen). There are no other charges. In addition, individual business offices are free to open accounts. Then the staff will give you a receipt and give you the signed agreement (copy) together with the shareholder account card. At this point, you can transfer the passbook funds to the sales department for stock trading, and you have officially become a shareholder in China.
In addition, if you want to speculate in the stock of Sanban, it is best to open an account together, and the steps for opening an account are basically the same as above. Wanting to speculate on B shares is different from opening an A-share account: A shares open an account first and then transfer money; B shares are transferred first and then opened. That is, you must first go to the bank designated by your foreign exchange business department (at least US$ 65,438+0,000 on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and at least HK$ 7,800 on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange) to go through the formalities of transferring funds to the securities business department. Then take the voucher and ID card to the sales department to open an account.
Remind you to pay attention: First, in the process of opening an account, pay attention to keeping your personal information, and don't pay attention to strangers talking to you. You can't expose your name, ID number and transaction password to others. If you don't understand, ask the staff, not just strangers. Before you leave the counter, check whether your things are left on the counter. Second, if several people who know each other go to open an account together, fill in personal data and enter the transaction password, it is best to avoid each other to avoid complications. Third, all the information about your account opening must be properly kept. If the "three certificates" (ID card, shareholder card and deposit card) are lost, it shall immediately notify the business department to take necessary measures to prevent accidents. Then fill it in step by step according to the regulations. If you don't want to speculate in stocks, you are ready to withdraw your account, and brokers don't charge any fees.
Another reminder: first, don't write the wrong name, check the name of the ID card and the name of the shareholder card, and ask the registrar to correct it if there is any mistake; Second, the shareholder accounts of Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets should be registered together, rather than just opening one account; Third, it is not advisable to open an account with someone else's ID card to prevent disputes in the future; Fourth, don't ask people, especially strangers, to register when opening an account to prevent personal data from being leaked; Fifth, after receiving the shareholder card, keep it safe, and don't let others see your shareholder card number to prevent hackers from invading your account to buy and sell stocks or withdraw cash.
Step 3: Fund registration
With the shareholder card, you must first inject capital before you can buy stocks. You can choose a securities business department close to your company or home, with good conditions and thoughtful service to register funds. Nowadays, many securities business departments implement one-stop service. When the fund is registered, I will bring my ID card, shareholder card and deposit discount (any one of ICBC, CCB and China Merchants Bank) to the securities business department to fill in the fund account opening form. There are different regulations on the amount of funds for deposit discount. Some business departments have no restrictions on the amount of funds, and some business departments stipulate more than 30 thousand yuan. I think you need at least 1 0,000 yuan to buy a stock. At present, the stock price is the lowest, 3 yuan. If you buy 1 0,000 shares, you need 3000 yuan. So you must deposit a certain amount of money. Many securities business departments are free of handling fees when registering funds. After you go through the formalities, the sales department will give you a manual, a magnetic card for buying and selling stocks, a telephone number or instructions for online transactions.
This step needs to be reminded: first, as before, it is to check whether the name is wrong, you can't ask others to do it for you, keep all your series of materials well, and don't let others see or steal them; Second, remember your own account opening password; Third, copy one or two sets of all the series data you have opened and put them in a place you think is safe, in case the original data is lost or accidentally, start the backup data. Pay attention to confidentiality when copying series of materials to prevent others from stealing; Fourth, when you need to bring a series of shareholder information when you go out, you can copy the information and keep the original properly, so it is not easy to bring it out; Fifth, the magnetic card you use for trading should be carried with you and kept properly. If there is any loss (including your series of materials), you should immediately report the loss, lock your account in the sales department, and monitor whether there is any change in your account at any time.
Step 4: Master basic operation knowledge.
After completing the above steps, don't rush to buy stocks, but learn some simple operational knowledge, such as what are stocks, codes, call auction, continuous bidding, opening and closing times, daily limit system, K-line form and so on.
This step needs to be reminded: first, from the shallow to the deep, there is too much knowledge that is not easy to learn at first, otherwise it will be chaotic and irrelevant; Second, learn from the old investors around you, be diligent in asking questions and learning, and not be ashamed to ask questions; Third, don't buy stocks quickly as soon as you open an account, or you can't stand other people's advice. Instead, calm down for a few days. Fourth, you can buy necessary stock trading software and books and periodicals, but it is not easy to acquire all kinds of equipment, such as buying some stock recommendation software immediately, equipped with high-performance computers, paying high prices for classes and buying various newspapers, browsing various stock reviews online and so on. These investments will bring you a great economic burden when you just enter the market and don't make money. After earning money, you can gradually acquire some necessary equipment.
Step 5: Try buying and selling stocks.
After learning the basic operation knowledge for a few days, you can go into the sea to test the water. The first thing you face is the question of what stock to buy. The more than 1000 stocks we are facing now are really dazzling and difficult to start. I want to master the following principles: first, buy some stable blue chips; Second, buy stocks around 5 yuan; In addition, buy stocks in industries you are familiar with. For example, if you study computer, then you have a clear understanding of this industry and buy stocks in a down-to-earth manner. You know the home appliance industry, and you can decide whether to set foot in such stocks. Finally, buy active stock in the short term. If you just entered the market and catch up with the concept of speculation, you can follow up appropriately.
In addition, you are faced with the problem of how many shares to buy. I don't think a new investor who just entered the market should operate in Man Cang. First buy 100 shares, and then sell 100 shares, be familiar with the operation process, master the operation skills, experience the profit and loss mentality, review the gain and loss experience, and then conduct a full warehouse battle.
After buying it, we are faced with the problem of selling it. First, you can make a small profit on the second or third day after buying hot stocks. You can consider selling them and get the first taste of making money. Second, it didn't go up after buying it, please wait patiently; Third, I was trapped just after I bought it. Don't worry, especially if you lose a dime or two, it's not too deep. Patience will surely pay off. At the same time, it also tests your will to persist; Fourth, after selling shares, it rose again. Don't regret.
Finally, you are faced with specific operation methods. Generally speaking, the current trading methods of the securities business department include on-site magnetic card entrustment, telephone entrustment and online entrustment. Remember the stock code after you decide to buy the stock. For example, the SDB code is 00000 1. Remember your shareholder code and transaction password. Then swipe the shareholder's magnetic card in front of the magnetic card machine (taking the magnetic card entrustment as an example), and you will be prompted to enter the shareholder code (partially default), transaction password, inquiry or purchase, stock purchase code, price, quantity, confirmation, stock purchase contract number and so on. You can use "man-machine dialogue" to complete the operation in turn according to the screen prompts (the same is true for selling stocks). If you use telephone entrustment or online entrustment, follow the prompts in turn. Although the trading software installed in each business department is different, they are all similar and easy to learn. Note: the stock you bought on the same day can only be sold on the next day, but after the stock sold on the same day is sold, the funds will be withdrawn and you can buy the stock on the same day, that is, "T+ 1". After buying and selling stocks on the same day, you can print the list (delivery note) at the counter the next day to check your trading situation. If you have any questions, please ask immediately.
This step needs to be reminded: first, when operating the transaction, it must be kept confidential. Don't reveal the transaction password and don't find someone to replace it. It is safer to ask professionals in the sales department to help solve practical difficulties; Second, after the transaction is completed, you must remember the contract number, just in case; Third, after the transaction of the magnetic card machine is completed, you must exit the system, take away the magnetic card and your own belongings beside the magnetic card machine to prevent the magnetic card and your own belongings from being lost; Fourth, try not to talk about business with strangers; Fifth, buying and selling stocks, you can't get carried away if you win the first battle; When the first battle is unfavorable, you must not be depressed; Sixth, you bought and sold 100 shares for the first time, mainly to find feelings and realize philosophy; Seventh, it is not appropriate to trust stock reviews and do more analysis by yourself; Eighth, don't cooperate with others in stock trading, let alone borrow money for stock trading, let alone give advice to others, otherwise "doing bad things with good intentions" will hurt the feelings between friends for many years. In particular, never borrow money for stock trading!
After the above five steps, you have completed the introductory procedure. As for how to improve the skills of stock trading, cultivate the cultivation of stock trading, hone the will of stock trading and get greater returns, then "practice in the individual." It is a fact that no one can help you.
But I finally want to remind you: don't learn from those "masters" who have multiplied several times in a short time, which is unrealistic. Be sure to stop when you are ready.
Well, congratulations on becoming a shareholder of China.
Section 2 Basic knowledge of stock trading
Trading hours are from Monday to Friday, from 9: 30 to11:30; From 13 to 15. Except legal public holidays, such as Spring Festival and National Day.
Stock codes use Arabic numerals to represent different meanings of stocks. The trading code of A shares in Shanghai Stock Exchange starts with 600 or 60 1, such as Yun Sheng Industrial, with the stock code of 600767, and Air China (7.33, 0.02, 0.27%) with 60111. The code of B-share transaction starts with 900, such as: electrify B-share (0.438, 0.00, 0.46%), and the code is 90090 1. The trading code of Shenzhen A shares starts with 000, such as Shunxin Agriculture (10.62,0 0. 10/0,0.95%), and the stock code is 000860. The trading code of B shares starts with 200, such as SZSE Guanzhong B (4,0.00,0.00%) with the code of 2000 18. The subscription code of new shares in Shanghai stock market starts with 730. For example, the subscription code of CITIC Securities (4 1. 1.67, 1.66%) is 730030. The subscription code of new shares of Shenzhen Stock Exchange is the same as the stock trading code of Shenzhen Stock Exchange. For example, the market value placing code of CITIC Securities in Shenzhen Stock Exchange is 003030. The allocation code starts with 700 in Shanghai and 080 in Shenzhen. For example, Yun Sheng Industry's rights issue code is 700767. Shenzhen Grassland Xingfa rights issue code is 080780. The stock code of small and medium-sized board starts with 002. For example, the code of Donghua Hechuang (32.65, 0.50, 1.56%) is 002065.
The minimum change unit of A-share quotation is 0.0 1 RMB. For example, if you want to apply for development, the price of the form is 10.02 yuan, but you can't fill in 10.002 yuan. The minimum change unit of the declared price of B shares is 0.00 1 USD (Shanghai Stock Exchange), and that of Shenzhen Stock Exchange is 0.0 1 HK$. For example, if you want to sell Qingqi B, you only need to fill in the form of $0.352.
In order to prevent the stock market price from soaring and plummeting, the Shenzhen and Shanghai Stock Exchanges stipulate that the daily market price of stock trading should rise (or fall) to 10% of the previous day's closing price, that is, the previous day's closing price × (1+00%. The calculation result is rounded off. If the stock price reaches the upper or lower limit that day, there should be no more ups and downs. This term is called "stop". The highest price limit of the market on that day is called "daily limit" and the lowest price limit is called "daily limit". For example, SDB closed at 10 yuan yesterday. Today, the fluctuation range of its share price is 1 1 yuan to 9 yuan. If it is an ST stock, it will rise or fall by 5%. Such as: ST Chundu (000885), yesterday's closing price of 6 yuan. Today, its share price fluctuates between 6.3 yuan and 5.7 yuan. So when you quote, you should follow the rules of price limit.
IPO and price limit The upper limit of IPO price increase on the same day is the issue price ×( 1+ 1000%) and the lower limit is the issue price ×( 1-50%). But the next day, you will follow the rules of price limit. For example, on July 5th, 2006, Bank of China (4.8 1, 0.06, 1.26%) went public, and the price rose by 23.0% that day. However, the next day, the stock will follow the price limit rules.
The price limit of IPO stipulates that the price on the day of IPO should abide by some rules when entrusting. For example, according to the regulations of Shenzhen Stock Exchange, the call auction range of the first day of IPO is 150 yuan of its issue price, and the effective bidding range of continuous bidding is 15 yuan of the recent transaction price. The effective bidding range of continuous bidding for the first day of listing in Shanghai Stock Exchange is 10% of the share price at that time. For example, Kweichow Moutai (103.07, 3.5 1, 3.53%) (600519) was listed on August 27th, 2006 with an issue price of 3 1.39 yuan. If call auction is in Shenzhen, it will be 65,439 yuan. After the stock opened, it entered the continuous bidding, and the price was constantly changing. But when you fill in the form, assuming that the price at that time was 35 yuan, it should be within the range of 15 yuan, and the filling range is from 20 yuan to 50 yuan. If the price is changed to 40 yuan, the filling range will be changed from 25 yuan to 55 yuan. If it is listed in Shanghai, there is no restriction on the first day of listing of Kweichow Moutai in call auction. After entering the continuous bidding, the price must meet the requirements of 10%. Suppose the price at that time was 35 yuan, and the filling range was 3 1.50 yuan to 38.50 yuan. If the later price changes to 40 yuan, the filling range will change from 36 yuan to 44 yuan accordingly.
One hand is 100 shares. In principle, stock trading should be conducted in an integer multiple of one hand. Such as buying 100 shares, 5200 shares, etc. You cannot buy 150 shares and 3 120 shares. However, due to the shortage of "one hand" rights issue, for example, 10 gives 3 shares, and you have 100 shares, which becomes 130 shares. At this time, 130 shares can be sold. In other words, zero shares are not enough to sell in one hand.
How many shares should new investors buy for the first time? Because new investors are not familiar with the characteristics of stocks, it is best to buy one hand (100 shares) and try again, and repeat it several times to find out the feeling. And do big business.
The current number of lots is the number of lots sold at that time. For example, a stock sells 5000 shares at the opening, which means selling 50 lots.
T+ 1T is the first letter of English trade. At present, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges stipulate that the stocks bought on the same day can only be sold the next day. After the stocks sold on the same day are confirmed to be closed, the returned funds can buy stocks on the same day. This trading rule is abbreviated as T+ 1. If you buy 100 SDB shares today, you can only sell them tomorrow. If you sell 100 shares of SDB tomorrow, and the sold shares are confirmed to be sold, you can immediately buy this stock or other stocks with the returned funds on the same day.
Call auction (How did the opening price come into being) Before trading starts every day, that is, from 9: 00, 15 to 9: 25, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges begin to accept investors' effective trading instructions, such as: the price increase and decrease must be filled in according to regulations (except for the new shares listed on that day), otherwise the host will not accept it. But at this time, the computer does not match the transaction. At the moment of the official opening at 9: 30, the computer mainframe of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges began to match transactions, and the opening price of each stock was determined by the maximum transaction price of each stock. There is no call auction at the opening in the afternoon. Call auction is not applicable: subscription of new shares, allotment of shares and bonds.
On July 1 day, 2006, Shenzhen Stock Exchange launched an open bidding. That is, in the process of call auction, the real-time market reveals the reference price of call auction in real time. Open call auction time is from 9: 00 15 to 9: 25, and real-time market display includes securities code, securities abbreviation, previous closing price, virtual opening reference price, virtual matching amount and virtual unmatched amount; You can receive or cancel the declaration from 9: 00, 15 to 9: 20, and you can receive the declaration from 9: 20 to 9: 25, but you can't cancel the declaration.
In call auction, the continuous bidding mainly produces the opening price, and then the stock market has to go through the continuous buying and selling stage, so there is continuous bidding. Orders that have not been closed in call auction will continue to be valid, and will automatically enter the continuous bidding, waiting for the right price to be closed. At this time, investors from all over the country are still continuously inputting various effective trading instructions to the computer mainframe of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, and the computer mainframe of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges is also continuously bidding for various effective trading instructions from investors from all over the country. The host does not accept invalid orders. For example, the stock price rises and falls beyond the limit (except for the new shares listed on the same day).
There are two main transaction costs (excluding transfer fees and others), namely stamp duty (1‰ stipulated by the state) and transaction fees (different regulations of each business department, floating), all of which are based on the turnover. For example, if you buy (5,0.11,2.25%) (600050) 1000 shares of China Unicom in 3 yuan, the stamp duty you have to pay is: 1000 shares ×3 (yuan) ×/kloc-0. At the same time, the commission fee you should pay (if specified as 1‰) is: 1000 (shares) ×3 (yuan )×1‰ = 3 (yuan).
If you sell the 1000 shares in 3.8 yuan in a few days, the stamp duty you should pay is: 1000 shares ×3.8 (yuan) × 1‰=3.8 (yuan). The commission fee paid at the same time is: 1000 shares ×3.8 yuan × 1‰=3.8 yuan.
Therefore, you personally paid a total of 13.60 yuan for this transaction. And you made a net profit of 786.40 yuan.
Stock refers to the certificate issued by the company to prove that shareholders hold shares. There used to be a piece of paper as a stock. At present, the stock trading in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges is paperless and computerized. So you'll never see this paper again. Maybe you will ask, "Where shall I put the stock?" Please rest assured that your stock has been entrusted to you by the stock exchange (Shanghai Stock Exchange) or the securities company (Shenzhen Stock Exchange) for safekeeping.
A joint-stock limited liability company means that all its capital is divided into equal shares, and shareholders are limited to the shares they hold and bear limited liability to the company. The company shall bear limited liability for its debts with all its assets. The so-called limited liability generally means: you have 1000 shares of the company, then the company liability you undertake is 1000 shares of the limited liability.
Shareholders have legally purchased shares in a company, and you are a shareholder of that company. According to its shares, you have corresponding responsibilities, obligations, rights, interests and risks. Namely: the same shares, the same rights, the same responsibilities, the same benefits and the same risks.
The common name of investors refers to the group that is often active in buying and selling stocks in the stock market to earn the difference. The difference with shareholders is that shareholders are relatively fixed; Shareholders are highly mobile. So there is a saying: stock trading has become a shareholder. It means: a stockholder is trapped after buying shares, stops day trading, and changes from stockholder to shareholder.
A shares are ordinary RMB shares issued by domestic companies, purchased by domestic investors (institutions, organizations and individuals permitted by the state) and traded in China. For example, the earliest familiar stocks are Shen Baoan (000009) and Beijing Tianqiao (600658).