Shanghai and Beijing Shanghai Before 1949, Shanghai was the first financial center in the Far East, and the financial markets such as stocks, gold and foreign exchange ranked first in Asia. At that time, Shanghai gathered the largest exchange in Asia, the central financial supervision department, the headquarters of four central banks, the headquarters of ten domestic banks such as Beisi Bank and Nansan Bank, and the headquarters of countless insurance and trust companies. In addition, Shanghai at that time also gathered the Far East branch of the largest international financial institutions in Asia, and a large number of today's financial giants are inextricably linked with old Shanghai. However, by the end of 1952, foreign financial institutions had basically withdrawn from Shanghai, and the number of private financial institutions had dropped sharply to more than 60. After 1949, some Shanghai capitalists have fled to Hongkong, Taiwan Province Province or other overseas places. Some of them stayed in Shanghai to continue their business, and in the end they were all public-private partnerships beginning with 1956. After the pain, Shanghai is now completely transformed. Shanghai's economic aggregate ranks first in Greater China. In 2009, Shanghai's GDP reached 1.49 trillion RMB, surpassing Hong Kong. The ratio of per capita GDP to per capita disposable income ranks first in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China. Shanghai is the second largest stock market center in the world, ranking third among global stock exchanges, next to new york's new york Stock Exchange and Nasdaq, and surpassing London and Tokyo. Shanghai is the second largest futures market center in the world, second only to Chicago, and ranks among the top ten derivatives market centers in the world. Shanghai is also the world's largest gold spot trading center and the second largest diamond spot trading center. Shanghai is the largest port in the world. In 20 10, Shanghai Port achieved a cargo throughput of 653 million tons and a container throughput of 29.069 million TEUs, ranking first in the world. The total economic output of Shanghai's financial industry ranks first in the country. The number of private bank headquarters in Shanghai ranks first in China, and ICBC, Bank of Communications, Agricultural Bank of China and most foreign banks choose Shanghai as the headquarters of private banks. The number of fund management companies in Shanghai accounts for more than half of the country, and the total direct financing in Shanghai's financial market accounts for more than a quarter of the country. The completeness of Shanghai's financial factor market ranks first in the country. The number of domestic headquarters of foreign banks in Shanghai accounts for about two-thirds of the country, and its assets account for 85% of the country's foreign banks. The domestic headquarters of foreign-funded property insurance companies in Shanghai account for about five-seventh of the country. In addition, 60% of Sino-foreign joint venture insurance companies and joint venture fund management companies in China are headquartered in Shanghai. The number of returned overseas students absorbed by Shanghai also ranks first in the country, and at least a quarter of the returned overseas students choose to work and start businesses in Shanghai every year. China Europe International Business School, the first business school in Asia, is also located in Shanghai. Shanghai has absorbed about one-tenth of the country's foreign capital, and the number of regional headquarters of multinational corporations is also the first in the country. A large number of Fortune 500 companies, especially multinational giants in the high-end field of tertiary industry, have chosen to set their Asia-Pacific or China headquarters in Shanghai, such as Citigroup, HSBC, Morgan Stanley, Bank of America, Blackstone Group, Louis Vuitton, Deloitte, Intel, ge, McKinsey, RBS, BNP Paribas, AIG, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Standard Chartered Bank, Ernst & Young, Chanel, Allianz and Disney. & lt/SPAN>。 & lt/SPAN>。 & lt/p & gt； Beijing is a comprehensive industrial city. Comprehensive economic strength remains in the forefront of the country. The tertiary industry ranks first in Chinese mainland. In 2009, Beijing's GDP was1186.59 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10. 1%. Per capita GDP reached 676 12 yuan, second only to Shanghai in Chinese mainland. The added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in the city reached1183 million, 2743 1 100 million and 900.45 billion yuan respectively, and the scale of the tertiary industry ranked first in Chinese mainland, accounting for 75.8% of the regional GDP. In that year, the per capita disposable income of urban and rural areas was 26,738 yuan, an increase of 8. 1% compared with 2008, and the per capita disposable income of rural areas was 1 1986 yuan, an increase of1.5%. Beijing residents have high spending power. In 2009, the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 530.99 billion yuan, an increase of 15.7% over the previous year. In 2009, the city's local fiscal revenue reached 202.68 billion yuan, an increase of 10.3% over the previous year, achieving the goal of annual fiscal revenue growth of 10%. The Engel coefficient of urban and rural residents was 33.2% and 32.4%, respectively, which was 0.6 and 1.9 percentage points lower than that of the previous year. The living standards of urban and rural residents continued to improve. According to FAO standards, Beijing has reached an "affluent" society, but the widening gap between the rich and the poor also exists in Beijing. China People's Bank Beijing is the most important financial and commercial center in China. China People's Bank, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission, China Insurance Regulatory Commission and other national financial macro-control departments are all located in Beijing. Including four state-owned commercial banks-China Industrial and Commercial Bank, China Construction Bank, China Bank and China Agricultural Bank, as well as policy banks such as China Development Bank and China Agricultural Development Bank. Financial giants such as China International Capital Corporation, China International Trust and Investment Corporation and China Investment Corporation are also in Beijing. National insurance companies such as China Life Insurance, China People's Property Insurance Co., Ltd. and Taikang Life Insurance are headquartered in Beijing. At the same time, most large state-owned enterprises are headquartered in Beijing, including China Petrochemical, China Petroleum, State Grid, China Telecom, China Mobile Communications and China Unicom. A large number of overseas multinational companies have set up their headquarters in China, such as Shell, JPMorgan Chase, Microsoft, Hewlett-Packard, Samsung, IBM, Motorola, Siemens, Ericsson and Deutsche Bank. The overall commercial layout of Beijing has formed many large-scale commercial and cultural centers with good shopping environment and cultural atmosphere. Famous commercial centers include Wangfujing, Xidan and Qianmen, as well as the emerging Beijing Central Business District, Financial Street, Liangmaqiao and Lize Business District centered on China International Trade Center and CCTV headquarters building. Zhongguancun and Shangdi are famous for their electronic products; Panjiayuan, which is famous for antiques; The zoo and Dahongmen business district, which are famous for their clothing business. Today, there are still a large number of traditional shops and many unique Chinese time-honored enterprises in Beijing, representing a century-old traditional culture. Beijing is the sixth largest retail city in the world and the first in the mainland; The degree of internationalization of retail industry is the sixth in the world and the first in the mainland. & lt/SPAN>。 & lt/SPAN>。 & lt/p & gt；