Bid 4 of Hefei-Fuzhou Passenger Dedicated Line (Fujian-Jiangxi Section) started on April 20 10, with a contract price of 3,026,766,400 yuan and a construction period of 1.200 calendar days. The construction scope of our company is DK528+450-DK540+4 16, and the command part of the group company is divided into 645,205,800 yuan. The new Fuzhou-Pingtan Railway Station project FPZQ-2 started in June 20 13, with a contract price of 2531255,200 yuan and a construction period of 2007 days. Our construction scope is dk41+397.93-dk59+415. The budget settlement of Bid 4 of Hefei-Fuzhou Passenger Dedicated Line (Fujian-Jiangxi Section) was completed in February 20 16, and the problems existing in the construction process were basically solved reasonably by the construction unit. The first-level reconstruction of Panasonic Station in the newly-built Fuzhou-Pingtan Railway Station Project FPZQ-2 bid section passed the third-party price evaluation on February 20 16, and signed a supplementary contract with the construction unit at 20 182422800 yuan. On the basis of careful analysis of the fruitful results of these two major project cost management, the author believes that the construction unit can achieve the purpose of controlling costs and increasing economic benefits through cost management as long as it does the following work well in the process of contract performance.
1 meticulous and thoughtful planning
For large-scale projects, with the changes of various external conditions in the process of project implementation, there will be many situations that are inconsistent with the contract. Resulting in a large number of change claims. Since winning the bid for the above two projects, the construction unit has attached great importance to cost management and emphasized the impact of change claims on the projects. Before construction, engineers and cost personnel will be specially organized to study and analyze the contracts and drawings of various projects, and on this basis, change claim schemes and various pre-plans will be made. During the implementation of the contract, the original plan change claim has been confirmed. For example, the number of spoil sites in the North Wuyishan Tunnel has increased, and the local villagers in Wuyishan have requested five steel bridges, the bank protection of Kengkou Bridge, the inclined shaft of Changjianyuan and the radial grouting of the tunnel. The construction of Panasonic tunnel on Fuping Railway was changed to station construction.
2 sound and standardized organization and management
The construction unit should set up a special organization to decompose all the elements of cost management into relevant departments, so that every link and everything can be handled in time. The cost management of railway construction projects should be connected and communicated with relevant personnel in terms of quantity and price. The quantity should be communicated with the professionals of the design institute and relevant personnel of the engineering department of the construction unit, and the price should be communicated with the economic and trade personnel of the design institute and the personnel of the financial planning department of the construction unit. The personnel interfacing with the design institute should be familiar with the contract terms, railway budget and site construction. Grassroots personnel should be familiar with engineering quantities and drawings, and have a strong sense of cost. In addition, they also need to have strong communication skills and strong language skills, and can adopt different communication skills according to different personality differences. Only in this way can the construction unit achieve the most ideal effect in the process of cost management and create benefits for the enterprise to the maximum extent.
3. In the process of construction drawing investment calculation and design change, we should perform our duties seriously and responsibly and do a good job of docking.
As the cost personnel, before the construction drawing review (budget) links with the engineering and economic professionals of the design institute, we must first ensure the number of special volumes (roads, bridges, lines, tunnels, etc.) submitted. ) no leakage, the unit does not make mistakes, focusing on the application of estimation (budget) quota. Engineering and economic personnel of design institutes often lack the knowledge of site and construction technology, and it is normal for them to have problems when applying the estimation (pre-calculation) quota. At the same time, due to the nature of their work, they generally apply for fees on the principle of "not paying much". Therefore, the personnel engaged in cost work in the construction unit need to be very familiar with the on-site construction process and the application of estimation (pre-estimation) quota, and can quickly see the problems existing in individual budget estimates. List the existing problems item by item, dock with the engineering economic personnel of the design institute and cancel the numbering. This process requires patience and skill, and suggestions and discussions should be made on the problems existing in the budget estimate, and detailed supporting materials should be provided.
4. Solutions to specific problems
4. 1 Cross construction or projects beyond the scope of construction
Refers to the extra-contract items that were originally not within the scope of contract work and were added by the construction unit according to the meeting minutes or business contact sheets and other relevant instruction documents. Solution: After comprehensive cleaning, sign a supplementary agreement with the construction unit to clarify the cost.
4.2 New or enhanced projects
Refers to the new or partially strengthened projects proposed by the receiving unit of railway late-stage operation, such as works section and electric section, to the original design during static or dynamic acceptance. There are two ways to solve this problem. One of the ways to solve this problem is to package the related problems of each bid section of the whole line according to the engineering specialty, such as road specialty and bridge specialty, and compile a Class II change design document. After the examination and approval, the construction unit shall share the expenses according to the bid quotation submitted by the specialty. Another solution is: if the construction drawing investment review has a certain cost savings compared with the original preliminary design estimate, the "lifting amount" and "pulling amount" of related projects will be included in the construction drawing investment review according to each special volume.
4.3 Change the design
Changing design is another important cost management work besides construction drawing investment audit (pre-settlement). According to the proposed change design project, prepare a detailed promotion schedule, and implement specific management personnel, responsible persons and submission time requirements. According to the change management method of the railway corporation, the change proposal must be submitted first, which is generally submitted by the construction unit. On the basis of the change proposal submitted by the construction unit, the construction unit shall organize the supervision unit and the design unit to conduct on-site inspection, and form a written summary of the joint review of the change design. Next, the construction unit will send a "letter" asking the design unit to prepare the modified design documents. After the letter is sent by the construction unit, the work will be handed over to the design unit, and the design unit will issue the corresponding "meter" after receiving the letter from the construction unit. If the design change project involves only one major, the corresponding major will issue a "plan" by itself. If the design change project involves multiple disciplines, it needs to be issued as a whole. "Meter-counting" requires the relevant professionals of the design unit to complete the corresponding work within a limited working time. In order to maximize the benefit of the changed design, the construction unit needs to send people to track the whole process of making paper for the changed design, and check the submitted quantity of the changed design with special account books, including the increase or decrease of the original design, the current design and the changed design. All professional books should also follow the full name after submitting the relevant change design quantities to engineering economics majors, so as to get the corresponding budget estimate before the official change design documents are published. After the "assembly" of the whole changed design document is completed, the design unit, construction unit, railway head office and other units will review it. The management of project change design focuses on grasping the dynamics of the preparation of change design documents in time. Due to the complexity of the design change procedure of railway construction projects, it is necessary to assign special personnel to follow up and cooperate with the design unit to issue relevant design change documents, so as to minimize the process time of design change.
4.4 Third Party Price Review
The construction unit of every railway construction project will ask a third party to consult and audit some construction costs. The construction unit should make good use of the key point of third-party price audit, which is not convenient for the design unit to deal with the expenses, such as construction waste removal, temporary land lease fees, three-reform projects, etc. , which can be solved through third-party price audit.
4.5 Adjustment of material price difference
According to the relevant documents of the railway head office on price difference adjustment, the material price difference adjustment includes two items: 4.5. 1 price difference adjustment of materials supplied by Party A, and the difference between the actual purchase unit price of materials supplied by Party A and the unit price of materials supplied by Party A in the original bidding documents is adjusted according to the consumption in the budget quota. Materials supplied by Party A focus on the control of collected materials. If it exceeds the theoretical consumption, the construction unit will deduct it at the final settlement. 4.5.2 Price adjustment of self-purchased materials According to the latest material management measures promulgated by the Railway Corporation, all materials except those supplied by Party A are included in the self-purchased materials, and the price adjustment of self-purchased materials is divided into two parts, one of which was originally called "A-controlled materials". The price difference adjustment is calculated according to the prices of various materials during the budget preparation period and the quarterly information prices of main materials published by the Railway Economic Planning and Research Institute. The materials involved in the adjustment mainly include: steel bars, steel strands, cement, admixtures and additives. Quantity consumption is determined according to the construction drawing budget quota. Within 5%, it shall be borne by the construction unit, and the excess part shall be included in the cost reduction fee, and shall be inspected and priced after signing the relevant supplementary agreement with the construction unit. Except for the above-mentioned adjustment of "A-controlled materials", the price difference of other self-purchased materials (including ground materials) shall be included in the risk lump sum fee according to the contract, which shall be borne by the construction unit itself.
4.6 Other items included in the basic reserve fund should be cleaned up.
For example, building earthquake damage, mud discharge, local road occupation compensation, construction coordination fees, natural disaster losses and other projects can be solved in the railway budget liquidation stage. Of course, there are some personality problems in some neighborhoods. In the process of dealing with personality problems, it is necessary to report them to the construction unit in writing in time, and keep relevant claim evidence to facilitate solving problems in the future.
The cost management of railway construction project is a long-term and lasting systematic project, which requires a lot of serious and meticulous work by construction enterprises. We should communicate with the personnel of design units, construction units and supervision units on cost management. From the beginning, we should maintain good docking and contact, establish a good trust relationship through long-term dealings, and keep the personnel relatively fixed. Senior leaders regularly visit the senior staff of the construction unit and design unit to maintain good relations.
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