Exchange rate, also known as foreign exchange rate, foreign exchange rate or foreign exchange market, refers to the exchange rate between two currencies, and can also be regarded as the value of one country's currency against another's currency. Specifically, it refers to the ratio or parity between one country's currency and another country's currency, or the price of another country's currency expressed in one country's currency.
Exchange rate changes have a direct regulatory effect on a country's import and export trade. Under certain conditions, by devaluing the local currency, that is, letting the exchange rate rise, it will promote exports and restrict imports; On the other hand, the appreciation of the domestic currency, that is, the decline of the exchange rate, plays a role in restricting exports and increasing imports.
Generally speaking, the total export transaction price = foreign exchange receipt amount+write-off difference+exchange rate difference.
Give an example to illustrate the problem of exchange rate difference:
In June, 5438+ 10 exported 200,000 yen, and in June, 5438+ 10 was converted into 22,958 US dollars at the current exchange rate.
In May, 200,000 yen was recovered, which was converted into USD 22.277 at the current exchange rate in May.
The difference between them is $22,958-$22,277 = $6,865,438 +0, that is, the exchange rate difference after verification of export proceeds.
Illustrate exchange rate variance and write-off variance with examples:
In June, 5438+ 10 exported 200,000 yen, and in June, 5438+ 10 was converted into 22,958 US dollars at the current exchange rate.
In May,193,000 yen was recovered and converted into 2 1.497 USD according to the exchange rate at that time in May.
The write-off difference of this export proceeds write-off is (200,000-193,000) = 7,000 yen or
(22,277-2 1,497) = $780.
The exchange rate difference for the write-off of export proceeds this time is (22,958-265,438+0.497)-780 = 6,865,438+0 USD.
Exchange rate difference: the acquirer receives RMB according to the exchange rate at the time of transaction, and the issuing bank converts this RMB into US dollars according to the exchange rate at the time of bookkeeping for the cardholder, so the last US dollar is on the cardholder's bill.
For non-US dollar currencies, even if the export and foreign exchange income are completely equal, the converted US dollars are likely to be different, which is the exchange rate difference.