Classification of equity relations:
The first meaning refers to the concentration of equity, that is, the shareholding ratio of the top five shareholders. In this sense, there are three types of ownership structure: first, the ownership is highly concentrated, and the absolute controlling shareholder generally owns more than 50% of the shares of the company and has absolute control over the company; Second, the equity is highly dispersed, the company has no major shareholders, the ownership and management rights are basically completely separated, and the shareholding ratio of a single shareholder is below 10%; Third, the company has relatively large controlling shareholders and other major shareholders, and the shareholding ratio is between 10%-50%.
The second meaning is the composition of equity, that is, the number of shares held by shareholder groups with different backgrounds. In China, it refers to the shareholding ratio of state shareholders, corporate shareholders and public shareholders. Theoretically, the ownership structure can be classified according to the distribution and matching methods of residual control rights and residual income claims of enterprises. From this perspective, the ownership structure can be divided into non-competitive control and competitive control. In the case of competitive control rights, residual control rights and residual claims match each other, and shareholders can and are willing to effectively control the board of directors and managers; In the non-competitive shareholding structure, the controlling position of the controlling shareholder of the enterprise is locked, and the supervisory role of the board of directors and managers will be weakened.
Question 2: What does share split mean? Hello, classmate, I'm glad to answer your question!
Non-tradable shares
The parent company sells a minority stake (usually no more than 20%) of its subsidiary company as an initial public offering (IPO). (Also called partial stripping. )
As the leading online education brand of financial certificate in the world, Gao Dun Online School integrates the core resources of financial education, and has platform resources such as open class, online live broadcast, website alliance, financial question bank, Gao Dun tribe and app client. , to provide quality services and comprehensive solutions for the global financial community.
I hope my answer can help you solve the problem. If you are satisfied, please adopt it as the best answer.
Thank you again for your question. More accounting questions are welcome to be submitted to enterprises in Gao Dun.
Gao Dun wishes you a happy life!
Question 3: What is the share split? The parent company sells a minority stake (usually no more than 20%) of its subsidiary company as an initial public offering (IPO). (Also called partial stripping. )
Question 4: What is the difference between shares, rights and interests, equity and stocks? When a company goes public and issues shares, it is to divide the company's assets and rights into many shares. Shares are the proof of ownership, and you are the shareholder of the company. According to the number of shares you hold, it is how many shares you hold.
Equity, that is, the rights of shareholders (shareholder rights), is the comprehensive right of personal rights and property rights enjoyed by shareholders of limited liability companies or joint stock limited companies, and is the privilege of businessmen in modern market economy society. Equity is acquired by way of capital contribution when the company is established, or by way of shares when the company increases capital, or by way of equity transfer, or by way of gift, or by way of inheritance when the common property is divided and inherited, or by way of stock and other securities market transactions.
Shareholders are the owners of the company. The income of a company is closely related to shareholders, but the rights of shareholders are also related to the stocks they hold. For example, if you hold 65,438+0,000 shares and the company issues 65,438+0,000 shares, you will have 65,438+0,000 votes at the shareholders' meeting, totaling 65,438+0,000 votes, so your rights are very small.
One more thing you need to understand is why shareholders don't run the company directly. It is because of the separation of ownership and management rights. Obviously, it is impossible for such a large shareholder group to let every shareholder participate in the daily management of the company. In fact, they choose the board of directors, who hire people to supervise the management of the company. This means that the owner and management of the company are composed of different people.
An option is a right that gives the right to buy or sell the underlying asset at the exercise price.
Divided into call options and put options.
For example, if the copper price in your futures market is 57,000/ton, you can buy an option that is lower than you expected when the copper price is expected to rise. If you think it will rise to 60,000, you can buy an option with a price within your expectation, but the price in the option market is also determined by the relationship between supply and demand.
If the expiration price of the option does not rise, you can not exercise the right (I won't buy it if I don't earn it)
Just because you have the right to buy or not, you have to pay the price for this right, which is valuable.
Options in the stock market are what we often call warrants.
Question 5: There are generally two ways to correctly divide the ownership structure of a company. One is monopoly, that is, in a limited liability company or a joint stock limited company, one shareholder has an absolute advantage. For example, if one shareholder's equity ratio reaches 5 1% and the other shareholders add up to 49%, then the shareholders accounting for 5 1% have absolute control over the company, which is a monopoly structure. A monopoly, in a limited liability company, does not necessarily need a lot of money. Sometimes, one or two thousand yuan can do it. If the registered capital of the limited company you founded is only 30,000 yuan, and your personal contribution exceeds 6,543.8+0.5 million yuan, you can reach the proportion of 565.438+0%, that is, you belong to the major shareholder of the company, and the shareholders accounting for 565.438+0% are at the core of the company when deciding the company affairs according to the amount of contribution. Of course, 5 1% equity sometimes needs a lot of money, mainly depending on the registered capital of the company. The more registered capital, the more capital required for 5 1% equity. For example, a company with a registered capital of 6,543,800 yuan and a capital contribution of 5,654,380 yuan can become an absolute major shareholder. So becoming a major shareholder mainly depends on your financial strength. The other is the equity balance structure, that is, shareholders' investment in human shares is similar, and shareholders' status in the company is similar. For example, the registered capital of a limited liability company is 30,000 yuan, and each of the three shareholders contributes 1 10,000 yuan. None of the three shareholders can control the company. As far as a single shareholder is concerned, it doesn't matter who says it, but the agreement between two shareholders can affect the ownership structure of the company, which is rare in practice. Most ownership structures are managed by major shareholders. When starting a company, you can choose two ownership structures. One obvious advantage is that major shareholders have the final say. If you want to be a major shareholder, when arranging the ownership structure, you should design how much the major shareholder should invest and how much other shareholders should invest.
Question 6: What do you mean by split listing? Split listing means that the parent company of the group will separate the business segments of its subsidiaries and go public independently in order to better finance and share the overall risks, so that it can refinance without diluting the controlling stake, which can be described as low risk and high income.
Question 7: What is divestiture of shareholders' rights and interests? The so-called asset stripping refers to the act of stripping the assets and liabilities of the original enterprise that do not belong to the quasi-joint-stock enterprise from the original enterprise account in the process of enterprise shareholding system reform. Stripping is not a sign of enterprise failure, but a reasonable choice of enterprise development strategy. By stripping off the department, product line or single capital nail that is not suitable for the long-term strategy of the enterprise, has no growth potential or affects the overall business development of the enterprise, the enterprise can concentrate its resources on the business focus and become more competitive. At the same time, divestiture can also make enterprise assets more effectively allocated and improve enterprise asset quality and capital market value.
Question 8: What is the split share of husband and wife, and what are the modes of split share? Belong to premarital property
The value-added part after marriage shall be shared equally by both parties.
Question 9: What is the difference between equity and voting rights? Equity refers to the legal ownership of joint-stock enterprises by investors. Voting right refers to the right of shareholders to participate in the decision-making of shareholders' common will by expressing their will at the shareholders' meeting according to the shares they hold. The ways for shareholders to exercise their voting rights include attending the shareholders' meeting in person and voting, or entrusting others to attend the shareholders' meeting and voting. It is understandable that people who have the right to vote must have equity, but those who have equity do not necessarily have a certain degree of decision-making power. Only those who have a certain share can have the decision-making power of the company.