Securities mainly include capital security, currency securities and commodity securities. In a narrow sense, securities mainly refer to securities products in the securities market, including property market products such as stocks, debt market products such as bonds, and derivative market products such as stock futures, options and interest rate futures.
Property classification
According to its different nature, securities can be divided into three categories: voucher securities, voucher securities and marketable securities.
1, evidence securities
A written document that simply proves a fact, such as a letter of credit, evidence, bill of lading, etc.
2. Certificate securities
It refers to a written document, such as a certificate of deposit, that identifies the obligee as the legal obligee of private rights and proves that the obligee's obligations are effective.
3. Securities
It is a certificate that the index has a par balance, which is used to prove that the holder or a specific subject designated by the securities has ownership or creditor's rights to a specific property. The main feature that distinguishes it from the above two kinds of securities is transferability.
Securities are legal documents with a certain face value, which are used to prove that the holder of the securities or a specific subject designated by the securities has ownership or creditor's rights to a specific property. Paper money, stamps, tax stamps, stocks, bonds, treasury bills, commercial promissory notes and acceptance bills are all valuable securities. However, the securities trading in the general market should refer to the securities regulated by the Securities Law, such as paper money, stamps and tax stamps. , not in this range.
Classification of securities companies:
According to the classification of business projects of securities companies, securities companies can be divided into four categories:
First, securities brokers, that is, securities companies that help investors buy and sell stocks.
Second, securities underwriters help enterprises to go public and issue shares. If investors want to buy new shares issued by the company, they must find this type of securities company.
Third, brokers, like ordinary investors, are also buyers and sellers of stocks. We generally call it a legal person, and one of them is a securities firm.
Fourth, comprehensive brokers are securities companies that operate the above three businesses at the same time.
Securities companies buy and sell securities on behalf of customers, and are intermediaries for securities investors to participate in the securities market. The profit source of securities brokers is the fee income collected from investors who entrust securities trading, which is called commission. Generally speaking, all countries have certain regulations on commission income. Securities brokers have rich professional knowledge and experience in securities investment, extensive information sources and high efficiency; Ordinary investors know little about the securities market, and the investment amount is small, so they can't directly enter the securities trading market. It is a desirable way to buy and sell through securities brokers.