The above is just an overview of the currency issuance in the revolutionary base areas before the issuance of RMB. Because the base area is blocked and divided, and the base area is basically self-sufficient in economy, the commodity exchange is underdeveloped, the region is narrow, and there is no political and economic basis for issuing a unified currency, so the economy and finance of various places are self-contained. However, in the later period of the war of liberation, the development of political, economic and military situation urgently needed a unified currency.
1October 24th, 1947, 10, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China North China Economic Office was announced and unified currency began. By 1948, the liberated areas in North China, Northwest China and East China have been linked together, and the scattered currency issuance and the unfixed proportion of various currencies have become obstacles to economic development, so it is very urgent to issue a unified currency. With the approval of the CPC Central Committee, the People's Bank of China, which was established by North China Bank, Beihai Bank and Northwest Farmers Bank, was established in Shijiazhuang on 1948 12 1, and issued RMB at the same time, marking the beginning of the formation of an independent, unified and stable monetary system in China.
Second, the first set of RMB:
The first set of RMB now looks rough, which was caused by limited conditions at that time. There are offset printing and lithographic printing, and the materials used for paper and ink are not uniform. Generally speaking, the large denomination is better than the small denomination, and the latter is better than the former. The face shape is also monotonous, the content is simple, and the color changes little. The words "People's Bank of China" were written by Comrade Dong, and the ticket version was designed by Wang Yijiu and Shen Naiyong of the Printing Bureau of Shanxi-Hebei Border Region.
The first set of RMB occupies an important position in the monetary history of China. It changed the chaotic monetary system of semi-colonial and semi-feudal countries in the past hundred years, realized reunification, and supported the national liberation war and the establishment of people's political power.
Third, the second set of RMB:
The second set of RMB was designed and printed to meet the needs of national economic recovery and development, and was issued on February 2 1955. The second set of RMB started from 1.950 to 1, and the People's Bank of China called famous art experts and banknote designers to study it repeatedly and put forward a design scheme.
The second set of RMB follows the principles of making the past serve the present, making foreign things serve China, bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new, and self-reliance, with novel design and meticulous carving, forming obvious characteristics. The second set of RMB 3 yuan, 5 yuan, 10 yuan was printed by the Soviet Union, and 2 yuan was printed in China. The second set of RMB has been revised twice: 1 yuan coupon changed from red to black; 5 yuan vouchers have been laid out again. The issuance of the second set of RMB has swept away the traces of inflation economically, making the monetary system develop from the initial unification to consolidation, stability and perfection, and the printing technology has changed from relying on foreign aid to using local materials to printing high-quality banknotes by self-reliance. Nevertheless, there is still a certain gap between the level of printing money in China and the advanced level in the world.
Fourth, the third set of RMB:
The third set of RMB is the result of collective creation. From 65438 to February 0959, the People's Bank of China set out to set up a design team composed of art and printing experts, including art experts Luo, Zhang, Zhang and Shen Naiyong, and jointly designed the third set of RMB.
The combination of novel design and advanced technology made the issuance of the third set of RMB a great success, and made China's banknote printing industry enter the advanced ranks in the world, which not only ended the history of relying on foreign countries to print money, but also created conditions for third world countries to print money later.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) The fourth set of RMB.
The fourth set of RMB design was influenced by the political climate at that time, and it was indecisive for too long. The fourth set of RMB should have been issued about 10 years after the third set of RMB was issued, but it was actually nearly 30 years apart. 1July, 968, the design of the fourth set of RMB began to be put on the agenda, and the design theme required the performance of the "Cultural Revolution". 1970 put forward a "combat readiness" map and marked with quotations. From 1973 to 1975, it is required to show the heroic image of workers, peasants and soldiers, with Daqing in industry and Dazhai in agriculture. 197565438+February the State Council also instructed that the design of the new version of RMB should be "shelved". 1976 in may, the State Council instructed "not to make a new version of RMB for the time being", and the design work came to an end. After the downfall of the Gang of Four, the design of the fourth set of RMB was put on the agenda again. In June 1977 1 1, the head office of the People's Bank of China submitted the fourth set of RMB design scheme again and put forward the fourth set of RMB design principles.
However, in the circulation of the fourth set of RMB, it is found that there are still some shortcomings, such as thin paper, poor ink feeling, easy fading and inconspicuous color difference between coupons. These problems involve the quantity, production capacity, political and economic situation of currency printing and distribution. To solve the above problems, the "90 Edition" of Securities has made many improvements.