Vehicle mortgage loan refers to the process of point-to-point lending by borrowers with vehicles as collateral, which is usually used to solve the short-term capital turnover problem. Typical platforms such as Houhe Fortune, in which Houhe Fortune has replicated the car-to-store business in various places in the past two years, currently there are many branches and the transaction volume continues to increase. Under normal circumstances, car mortgage can only be loaned to about 60-70% of the valuation. Because there is still a lot of room for growth in the domestic new car market, the prospect of vehicle mortgage business is still relatively large.
At present, Houhe Fortune has been focusing on auto mortgage business for almost three years, and there are some expected projects. The rate of return remains between 12- 18%. If reinvestment is included, the repayment method of interest can reach 20%.
The car loan platform is a small, decentralized and highly mobile business type, which is applicable to the provision that the personal natural person loan amount is below 200,000 as stipulated in the Interim Measures on Intermediary in Individual-to-Personal Loans Municipalities, and conforms to the regulatory policy. This is also an area where P2P services will be competitive in the future.
Unsecured/credit loan
Credit loan is an unsecured and unsecured loan type, with the amount generally not exceeding1-200,000 and the loan term ranging from 1-3 years. Typical platforms such as auction loan, pleasant loan and you-me loan. The default rate of such loans is high, and the platform needs a larger business scale to cover the default losses.
2. Real estate mortgage loan
Real estate mortgage loan business is a financing method in which borrowers provide guarantees to lenders with their own real estate as collateral and issue loan bids on the platform. This kind of loan has risks such as falling house prices and difficulties in realizing it. At present, there are many platforms where second-hand houses arrive, such as Jin Rong Research Institute. Secondary mortgage refers to the mortgage loan for the residual value of the house when the current appraised value of the house is greater than the original appraised value. Two to one is effective, but it is not the same as one to one. You can't enjoy the priority of compensation if you lose two, so the risk is slightly greater than one.
4. Equity pledge loan
Equity pledge loan refers to the financing method that stock holders can provide counter-guarantee to the online lending platform by holding the company's stock pledge, without cutting and selling their shares and applying for loans from the platform. The platforms that have issued equity pledge loans include 808 credit. There are many risks in this kind of loan, such as the fluctuation of equity value, the difficulty in realizing the equity of unlisted companies, the change of equity value and the same business risk of the company.
5. Supply chain finance
Supply chain finance refers to the credit business in which the platform evaluates the credit qualifications of small and medium-sized borrowing enterprises based on the credit of core enterprises, and provides financing support for the core enterprises and their upstream and downstream according to the real trade background and credit level of supply chain core enterprises. It mainly includes the prepayment financing mode in the procurement stage, the chattel pledge financing mode in the operation stage and the accounts receivable financing mode in the sales stage. This kind of loan has the risk of concentration in the whole industry chain, the risk of core enterprises, the risk of price fluctuation of collateral or enterprise assets market, the risk of direct or indirect losses caused by imperfect or problematic internal operation processes, personnel and systems or external events.
6. Entrusted loan
Entrusted loan refers to the loan business in which the principal (platform) provides funds from legal sources, and the entrusted bank issues, supervises and uses the loan and helps to recover the loan according to the loan object, purpose, amount, term and interest rate determined by the principal, and the bank is not responsible for the borrower's repayment. Platforms that have issued entrusted loans, such as e-speed loans (which have been thundered), etc. Although the introduction of banks has played a certain supervisory role in the use of funds, the borrower's repayment ability and project income ability are the core of borrowing.
7. Banks cross bridges or redeem buildings
Bridge fund is a kind of short-term fund financing, the term is limited to six months, and it is a kind of fund financing connected with long-term funds. The purpose of providing bridge funds is to enable borrowing enterprises to meet the conditions of docking with long-term funds through the financing of bridge funds, and then long-term funds can replace bridge funds. The main risk of this kind of loan lies in whether the bank renews the loan.
8. bill
The bill business involved in the online loan industry is mainly bills of exchange, including bank acceptance bills and commercial bills. The business models of the platform include bill discount, bill pledge, entrusted trade payment, domestic insurance, foreign loans and so on. Among them, bill discount is a typical one. Bill discount means that the borrower pledges the bank acceptance bill to the platform. In order to avoid legal risks, bills are generally entrusted by third-party payment companies or banks, and then the platform issues the loan target for investors to bid. Typical platforms, such as Gold and Silver Cat, Minsheng Easy Loan -E Ticket Pass, Small Business E Home, Bill Treasure, etc. This kind of loan has risks such as fake tickets, wrong endorsements, and default on payment.
9. Financing lease
Financial leasing means that the lessor purchases the leased property from the supplier and rents it to the lessee according to the specific requirements of the lessee and the choice of the supplier. The lessee pays the rent to the lessor by installments. During the lease period, the ownership of the leased property belongs to the lessor, and the lessee has the right to use the leased property. At present, many platforms cooperate with financial leasing companies to carry out this business. The risk of this kind of business lies in the increasing repayment pressure of the lessee, the operating risk of the lessee and the depreciation and liquidation risk of the equipment.
10. Capital allocation (it is not allowed by national regulations at present, and it belongs to non-compliant business and needs to be rectified)
Fund allocation refers to the process that the borrower issues the loan target financing on the platform through certain leverage on the basis of the original funds, mainly including stock fund allocation, futures fund allocation and warrant fund allocation. Typical platforms, such as which network the strategic partners of GF Securities vote for. Because the fund-raising business has always been in the gray area of law, there is a big regulatory risk. At the same time, there is also the risk of simultaneous trading and forced liquidation.
1 1. Asset securitization (currently prohibited by national regulations, it is a non-compliant business and needs to be rectified)
Asset securitization refers to the business of packaging offline non-standard corporate bonds into online standardized small loan asset packages, cooperative guarantees, and small loan companies promise to buy back at a premium. A typical example is the stable profit of PPmoney exchange mode. The whole transaction process in An Ying is supervised by the exchange, which makes it more transparent in registering the entrusted asset package and investors' rights and interests. But at the same time, because the borrowers and borrowers under asset securitization have not realized the direct docking of funds, this model has deviated from the essence of P2P, and there is a certain gray area during this period. In addition to the borrower's default risk, it is also easy to cause management and operation risks.