The composition of a music club also needs at least one logical strong beat and one logical weak beat, that is, at least two sounds are needed.
Music Festival is a structural paragraph between phrases and music collections in the music part.
Phrases are a basic structural unit and have the characteristics of composing musical works.
In songs, phrases are easier to understand. Especially well-structured songs. For example, four lyrics correspond to four phrases, and there is breath between them.
Extended data:
First, the classification of paragraph structure
1. According to the structural relationship between phrases in a paragraph, it can be divided into square paragraphs and non-square paragraphs.
2. According to the thematic relationship between phrases in a paragraph, it can be divided into parallel paragraphs (also called repeated paragraphs and combined paragraphs), modular paragraphs and contrast paragraphs.
3. According to tonality and ending harmony, it can be divided into monotonicity, open structure and tone sandhi.
4. Starting from the middle termination (semi-termination) of a piece of music, it can be divided into various kinds of music with different harmony.
Second, the characteristics of motivation
Motivation must include one or more accents and two or more notes. Motivation has independent expressive meaning, is the representative of music theme, and is the germ of theme or music development.
The so-called "secondary motivation" means that motivation or music festivals can sometimes be divided into combinations of tunes and rhythms that are less than motivation, that is, they do not necessarily include the stress in the beat (strong beat), but only occupy a part of the bar.
Broadly speaking, motivation can be divided into the following basic types: from weak beat to strong beat (cadence), the more notes, the longer the duration, the stronger the motivation; From the beginning of strong beat to the end of weak beat (up and down), there is less power and stability in general; From the beginning of weak beat, through strong beat, to the end of weak beat (suppression), there is a wave-like dynamic fluctuation.
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Baidu Encyclopedia-Music Structure
2. What are music festivals, phrases and music collections in music analysis?
Since music is also a way to express thoughts and feelings, it must have its own words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs and chapters, that is, music, stanzas, phrases, paragraphs and movements. Just like the structure of language and literature, it is another way to express thoughts and feelings.
This section only studies the content in the paragraph. 1. Music club is the basic structural unit of music language.
Because music is the art of time, in order to express the movement of sound, the composition of music collection needs at least one logical strong beat and one logical weak beat, that is, at least two sounds are needed. A typical music club is called Power.
Music Festival is the basic organizational unit of music language. It is generally composed of two music clubs.
3. Phrases are the basic expression units of music language. Fourthly, the music fragment is the concrete expression unit of music image.
We illustrate these concepts with examples. Example 10-4- 1 Mozart's sonata in a major has eight bars in the above example, and each bar is a music collection.
One, two, five and six of these four plates are also called incentives because of their typical representative significance. Two adjacent music festivals, one, two, three, four, five, six and seven, form four music festivals respectively. Two adjacent festivals form two phrases respectively; Two phrases form a paragraph.
In other words, the whole eight bars are a piece of music. The structure of the above example is relatively regular.
In other words, two music festivals constitute a music festival, two music festivals constitute a phrase, and two phrases constitute a paragraph, which is a two-to-one relationship. The upper and lower sentences are actually a repetition of changing the tail.
The opening paragraph of another four-sentence pattern of "Qi, Cheng, Zhuan and He" is also a common structural form. For example, 10-3- 1 1 Shaanxi folk song Shisanlipu belongs to this structural form.
Although the examples of music are not finished and the first two sentences are repeatedly marked, each section is also a music collection. One, two, five, six, nine and ten of them are also motives.
Two adjacent music festivals form eight music festivals respectively; Two adjacent festivals form four phrases respectively; Four phrases make up the whole article. Not all music is made in this way.
In some music works, the division between music and festivals is not so obvious. For example, the Hebei folk song "Chinese cabbage" is 10-2- 1 1.
However, as the basic expression unit of music language-the concrete expression unit of phrases and musical images-the music section is obvious: two bars are a phrase and four phrases are a paragraph. However, the prelude to the second and sixth boards of Shaanxi Opera in cases10-3-10-3-2 1 is a phrase in two bars, and three phrases are a paragraph.
The following example is a phrase with three bars, and four phrases make up a paragraph. Example 10-4-2 Shandong folk song "Yimeng Mountain Minor" Although the division between the music club and the music segment is not so obvious in some pieces of music, it can be seen from the previous examples that the division between the music phrase and the music segment has some obvious signs, that is, a relatively long tone, a relatively long pause, a little breathing or rhythm repetition.
China music consists of five categories: folk songs, folk songs and dances, rap music, traditional opera music and national instrumental music. The first four categories have lyrics.
According to the lyrics, the division of phrases and paragraphs is easier.
3. What is the relationship between music fragments, phrases, festivals and music exchanges?
A typical essay consists of two phrases, 8-16; A typical phrase consists of two parts, 4-8 bars; A typical music festival consists of two music festivals, 2-4 bars; Classical music exchange 1-2.
In western music, most of the sub-music structures fall in proportion; But in China's music, this proportional relationship is more free. For example, He Lvting's "Lullaby" belongs to a single trilogy with reappearance. The first paragraph can be divided into two asymmetrical phrases, the first three paragraphs are 2, 4 and 8 respectively, and the last three paragraphs are 2, 4 and 7 respectively.
The secondary structure of a paragraph is a phrase, and a paragraph is composed of phrases. In addition to the common two-language and four-language patterns, multiple phrases can also form asymmetric structural segments.
The secondary structure of a phrase is a segment, but whether a phrase can be divided into segments depends on the needs of the development of musical thought. Some phrases are the smallest structural unit of music form and are inseparable. The secondary structure of the music festival is a music club, but whether the music festival can be divided into music clubs depends on the needs of the development of music thinking. Some music festivals are the smallest structural unit of music forms and are inseparable.
The melody, tone and rhythm of the festival are relatively independent, so its structure can be subdivided under phrases. The integration between bars is stronger than that between phrases, so it can only be roughly divided, and its harmony conditions and beat conditions are very free. Except for the bars that overlap with phrases or paragraphs, the end of a bar doesn't have a clear and complete ending like a phrase, and it can end in any harmonious position, which has a sense of pause and breathing, and can make the phrase continuous in one go.
In the unfolding narrative part of music, such as the connecting part, the unfolding part of sonata form and the inserting part of complex trilogy form, sections can exist independently or be combined into groups.
4. What is the form of music?
Musical form is the structural form of music. Melody forms various paragraphs in the process of development. According to the regularity of these paragraphs, the common format is musical form. Structure and musical form of paragraphs: A paragraph usually consists of two or four phrases. A "music fragment" composed of two four-bar (or eight-bar) phrases is the most common in instrumental music. It is characterized by balance and strong sense of balance. Music consisting of only one paragraph is called a form.
General structure:
1. One-step form: A musical form composed of one paragraph is called one-step form or one-step form. In the past, Duan's musical images were generally concentrated, and the use of musical expression techniques was relatively simple and unified, which was the most common in Chinese folk songs.
2. Two-stage: a musical form composed of two pieces of music, called two-stage or two-stage musical form. Its characteristic is that the termination of the first piece of music can be completely terminated or not completely terminated according to the needs of music.
3. Three-paragraph style: Generally speaking, on the basis of two-paragraph style, we should return to the first paragraph as the end to strengthen the theme of the first paragraph.
Extended data:
Four principles of music form:
1, contrast: the progress, conflict and emotional changes of music all come from contrast-strong and weak, strings and woodwinds, fast and slow, major and minor, etc. , thus promoting and expanding musical thinking. There are many musical materials in the works that are in contrast, and their differences in melody form, rhythm type and emotional characteristics bring fresh feelings to the listeners.
2. Unfolding: Unfolding similar variations is a change of the original music material. The expansion focuses on the expansion and contraction of the material, the in-situ transposition of the interval and * * *, and the expansion and change of reflection, retrograde, imitation and modeling influenced by counterpoint, which makes the musical image or artistic conception present more vivid, diverse and colorful changes.
3. Variations: Variations are techniques to change a piece of music material while retaining some characteristics, which can still make people feel fresh when listening to the prototype. The relatively simple variation is to basically keep the melody outline, rhythm and even harmony of the theme, but only add some small decorations.
4. Repetition: Repetition refers to the reproduction of music material. Transient is one of the characteristics of music art. In order to leave a deep impression on the audience, repetition or varied repetition is a necessary means.