In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin called Wang Wei's five-line poem "Zen", and said that two poems, Bird-singing Creek and Wu Xinyi, "I forgot my life experience after reading them, and my thoughts were all silent" (poems), which is proof. Legend of Snow Scene was written by Wang Wei. In Wang Wei's farewell, travel and other works, there are often "distant trees lead to the sunset" ("Send money to the hometown"), "After a night of rain, thousands of rivers and lakes fall in a waterfall" ("To Li Shi in Zizhou"), "The rivers and lakes are white at sunset, and the tides rise and fall" ("Send Xing Guizhou"). Joining the army, going west in Gansu, dividing into different disciplines, hunting and watching, frontier fortress on the journey and frontier fortress on the journey are all magnificent works. "The leading songs" and "The Old General's Journey" express the sadness that the generals are not rewarded for their meritorious service, and reflect one aspect of the internal contradictions of the feudal ruling class. "Hunting" vividly describes the hunting scene. Yimen sang the chivalrous spirit of historical figures. The four poems in A Boy's Journey show chivalry, boldness, vivid images and smooth brushwork. These works are generally believed to have been written by Wang Wei in his early years.
There are also some poems, such as Fu on Four Sages, Fu on Allegory, Fu on Unfortunate Encounter, etc., which were written when eunuchs relegated to Jeju. The fifth of Six Chances, Zhao Nv Yan Ya, expressed indignation at the unreasonable phenomenon that the rich nobles dominated the official career and the talented people were frustrated, and reflected some dark sides of feudal politics in Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods.
Luoyang Galand Ji, Xi Shi Yong and Zhuliguan express their feelings and satire on the dignitaries through comparison. Women's sufferings are described in Mrs Xi and Ban Jieyu. They are sad and have certain social significance.
Some lyric poems that give gifts to relatives and friends and describe daily life, such as Farewell, Friend, I once watched you go down the mountain, Seeing Li off at Lingaotai, Seeing off the second envoy of Yuan Anxi, Seeing Shen Zifu off to Hedong, Missing Shandong Brothers on the Mountain for the holidays, Acacia, Miscellaneous Poems, You from the Old Country, and so on, are thousands of. "Send Yuan 20 An Xi" and "Acacia" were broadcast as music at that time and were widely sung. These poems are all five-character quatrains or seven-character quatrains, with sincere feelings, beautiful and natural language and simple and profound beauty, which can be compared with Li Bai and Wang Changling and represent the highest achievement of quatrains in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. A poem "Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains" sent a messenger of Guizhou birdsong to Saigon Pavilion, sent a book to Wangchuan, sent it to Shandong brothers, Han River, Yuaner, Anxi and Acacia, sent it to Zhongnanshan to return home, and sent it to Temple, Zhang's deputy magistrate, sent it to Zizhou, Qingxi, Weichuan, Tianjia and Guanwai Li Shu, as well as Wang Chuan's Miscellaneous Poems and Wang Chuan's Song of Autumn Night. In the early spring of Daming Palace, I sent Zhang Wu back to the mountain, and the song of Luoyang old general and girl went to Taoyuan, overlooking the emperor's poem "On Landscape" on the route from Xianshan Palace to Zenghege Pavilion in the spring rain.
Every painting of mountains and rivers is done on purpose. The foot of Zhangshan Mountain is a tree. Far people have no eyes and far trees have no branches. There are no stones in the distant mountains, as light as eyebrows; Far water without waves, as high as a cloud. This is a tactic.
The mountain height is blocked by clouds, the stone wall is blocked by springs, and the road is blocked. Stones look at three sides, roads look at two ends, trees look at the head, and water looks at the foot of the wind. This is the law.
Where landscapes are painted, the top is flat, the cliffs are steep, the rocks are hanging, the mountains are round and the roads are clear. The one sandwiched between two mountains is called he ye, the one sandwiched between two mountains and water is called Sword Leaf, and the one as high as a mountain is called Ling Ye, which is extremely flat. According to this person, it seems to be rough.
The viewer looks at the weather first, and then distinguishes the turbidity. Set the direction of the two sides and list the prestige of the peaks. Too much is chaotic, too little is slow, and too little is far and near. The distant mountain shall not be connected with the near mountain, and the distant water shall not be connected with the near water. Built on the mountainside, the temple house can keep safe; Broken banks and dams, small bridges. Where there is a road, there are trees, where there is a shore, there are corners, there are ancient crossings, where there is no water, there are smoke trees, where there is water, there are sails, and where there is forest, there are houses. Ancient trees facing rocks, broken roots and tangled vines; Facing the stone embankment, it is strange and stained with water.
The place where the tree is painted is far flat and close, tender and soft with leaves and hard without leaves. Pine skin is like scales, and cypress skin covers it. People who live on soil have long roots and straight stems, while people who live on stones are bent and lonely. There are many ancient festivals, half-dead, cold forests and bleak.
Rain distinguishes between heaven and earth and things. There is wind and no rain, just look at the branches. Windless rain, low-pressure tree head, pedestrian's umbrella, fisherman's hemp fiber. When it rains, the sky is blue, the fog is light, the mountains are green and moist, and the sun is oblique.
Early in the morning, Qian Shan is already early in the morning, with a slight mist, hazy waning moon and coma. In the evening scene, the mountains are covered with red sun, the sails in the river are rolling, pedestrians are in a hurry, and firewood is half covered.
In spring, the fog locks the smoke cage, the long smoke leads to the element, the water is like blue dye, and the mountains are gradually clear. Summer scenery is covered with ancient trees, green water without waves, passing through clouds and waterfalls, and close to the water tower. Autumn scenery, the sky is watery, there are dense forests, wild geese and autumn water, and the green island Sha Ting. In winter, the land is borrowed for snow, the woodcutter pays for it, the fishing boat docks, and the water is shallow and flat. To draw a landscape painting, you must press four points. Or smoke cage fog lock, or Chu return, or autumn dawn, or ancient burial broken monument, or Dongting spring scenery, or desolate and charming road. And so on, it is called painting.
The top of the mountain is different, and the head of the tree is different. The mountain is a clothing tree, and the tree is a bone mountain. Trees should not be numerous, but should see the beauty of mountains; The mountain must not be chaotic, and it must show the spirit of the mountain. What can do this is a landscape painting painted by famous artists.
Landscape strategy
Among Fu's paintings, ink painting is the best. The essence of nature is the work of nature. Or a painting in the distance, write a scene thousands of miles away. East, west, north and south, in front of Wan'er; Spring, summer, autumn and winter, born in pen. When the water is first laid, avoid floating mountains; Don't take a continuous road if there are different roads. The main peak should be towering, and the guest mountain should be rushing. Back to the monk's house, you can be safe, and people on land and water can buy it. Several trees are planted in the village to form a forest branch; Cliffs merge into water and waterfalls, but springs don't flow randomly. The ferry should only be silent, and pedestrians should be sparse. Boating bridge should be majestic; It doesn't hurt to fish. Between the steep cliffs, it's really strange; The road to cliffs and rocks. The far hole meets the clouds, and the far sky is full of watercolors. Mountain hook lock, the most out of its along the stream; When the road is in danger, the plank road can stay here. Flat terraces, preferring Gaoliu people; Famous mountains and temples, elegant pavilions, lined with strange trees. Vision smoke cage, deep rock cloud lock. The wine flag should be hung high on the road and the passenger sail should be hung low in the water. The mountains in the distance should be low, and the trees nearby should be pulled up. In addition to calligraphy inkstone, sometimes the game is samadhi. Time is long and quite subtle. Wise men don't talk much, but good scholars follow the rules.
The top of the tower is towering, so you don't need to see the temple. There seems to be nothing, either rising or falling. Party piled up mound, half exposed under the eaves; The thatched cottage and green pavilion are slightly lemon-shaped. The mountain has eight sides and the stone has three sides. Don't be like grass in idle clouds, the picture is only one inch long, and the pine and cypress are two feet long today. Su Shi once said: "There are paintings in poetry, which are fascinating; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " (Dongpo Inscription, Calligraphy and Painting in Lantian) At the same time, Yin Kun commented on Wang Weizhi's poem in his book He Yueling Photo Album: "A pearl is made in spring and a painting is made on the wall."
Wang Wei is not only outstanding in literary talent, but also an excellent painter who is good at music. His profound artistic accomplishment, love for nature and long-term experience of living in the mountains make him have a keen, unique and nuanced feeling for the beauty of nature. Therefore, the landscape scenery in his works is particularly full of charm, often slightly exaggerated, showing a deep and long artistic conception, which is intriguing. His poems are very picturesque, with bright colors and a combination of motion and static, especially good at showing the changes of light color and sound in nature in detail. For example, the torrent buzzes on the piled rocks, but the light becomes dim in the dense pine trees (Qingxi), the brook sings on the winding rocks, the sun is reconciled by pines (through Ji Xiang Temple), bird watching creek, Chai Lu, Mulan Village, etc. , all have exquisite works. He has theoretical works on painting, On Landscape and Landscape Tactics.
Edited on 20 16-05-06
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What is Wang Wei's main achievement?
"There are paintings in poems and poems in paintings", full of Zen, is the representative of pastoral poetry.
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What is Wang Wei's greatest achievement in his life?
Wang Wei is a representative of poets in Tang Dynasty. Wang Wei has been an official in the capital for many years and has had many contacts with the prince and your Lord. His literary reputation is very high, and he was regarded as a literate sect in Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods. He is good at five-character poems, and because he is proficient in music, his five-character poems are easy to combine, spread widely and have a high reputation. Wang Wei's modern poems are rigorous in temperament and bold in conception, and most of his landscape poems win for both scenery and scenery. Commenting on his own poems, Yin Yun said: "Uygur poems are elegant and exquisite, with fresh ideas and just right ideas. It's a pearl in spring and a picture on the wall. Every word is different. " Wang Wei has made great achievements in poetry writing skills. However, due to his negative recluse thoughts, many of his poems contain negative escapist factors. Therefore, in the history of literature, he and Meng Haoran are both representatives of "hermit poetry school". Tang Daizong spoke highly of Wang Wei's poems. He said in "Answering Wang Jin's Collection of Watch Hands": "The people of the Qing Dynasty experienced the first dynasty and were called the generation of Gao Xi. When discussing beauty, they recited it by population." By the end of the Tang Dynasty, the disciples of Liyuan were still singing Wang Wei's quatrains, which showed its far-reaching influence.
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Wang Wei's artistic achievements
After the sudden change of water painting in Tangshan, Wang Wei developed ink painting under the influence of Zen thought. Later, Dong Qichang listed him as the ancestor of "Southern School Painting", saying that he "began to use the method of changing shades into hooks". Wang Wei's paintings are no longer just sketching the shape of objects with lines, but using the method of "clustering" to freehand brushwork; Mix ink with water to render in different shades, instead of cyan, and use ink to express the yin and yang of yamagata; Using a pen and thread is neither as fine as Li Sixun's, nor as broad and magnificent as Wu Daozi's, but calm and flexible, casual and natural; How flat and far the composition is, how beautiful the artistic conception is. "There are poems in paintings, and there are paintings in poems." Wang Wei's ink painting style has had a great influence on the development of landscape painting in later generations, especially the literati painting as the mainstream of landscape painting. Its spiritual connotation is all embodied in Wang Wei's recluse thought: participating in Zen and asking Buddha, seeking fame and wealth, entertaining himself and laughing at nymphs. Su Shi believes that his poems are "paintings in poems, poems in paintings", full of Zen, and are the representatives of pastoral poems.
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Wang Wei's main achievement-in order to find the answer, he came to ask.
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What achievements has Wang Wei made?
He wrote a lot of pastoral poems with high artistic achievements, which can best represent Wang Wei's artistic style. For example, a poem named "On the banks of the Hanshui River" describes the magnificent mountains and rivers in Xiangyang from the big picture, with great momentum and broad artistic conception. The couplet "This river crosses the heavens and the earth, and there are both mountains and mountains here" has become a famous sentence throughout the ages. Another example is Autumn on a Mountain, which outlines many special things such as the moonlight, spring flow, bamboo sound, lotus movement and so on with delicate brushstrokes, and presents readers with a fresh, beautiful, beautiful and harmonious mountain color map after the autumn rain. His pastoral poems, exquisite crops, vivid descriptions and picturesque colors. The language is fresh and concise, implicit and vivid. In addition to beautiful poems, Wang Wei was also good at painting and was a famous painter at that time. Su Shi, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, said: "There are pictures in poetry, which are fascinating; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. "