① The Silk Road, referred to as Silk Road for short, refers to the land passage opened by Zhang Qian in the Western Han Dynasty, which started in Chang 'an (now Xi 'an), passed through Gansu and Xinjiang, and connected with countries in Central Asia and West Asia. /kloc-In the second half of the 9th century, German geographer Richthofen called this land transportation route "Silk Road", which was affirmed by most scholars and has been used ever since.

The weaving technology of brocade has experienced a continuous development process, and the patterns of brocade are becoming more and more diversified.

③ In ancient China, plain brocade was the earliest and most traditional brocade in the Central Plains. It appeared in tombs in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, and later many such tapestries were found in Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan. With a large number of silk fabrics from the Central Plains flowing into Xinjiang and the Western Regions, the local weaving technology has been changed and some progress has been made.

(4) After the 4th and 5th centuries, the Silk Road became more and more prosperous, and the patterns and designs of western fabrics began to influence the silk fabrics in the Central Plains. More and more patterns and designs with western elements began to appear on brocade and embroidery. It may be that mainland craftsmen saw or heard about the demand for Hu Hua fabrics from other people's descriptions, and took the initiative to design some tapestries that might be accepted by the western regions and even have the textile characteristics of the western regions, and then sent them to the Silk Road. It is also possible that the increasingly developed silk production technology in the western regions has returned, gradually affecting the Central Plains. In short, sheep, birds, muntjac, elephants, lions and other animal patterns, crescent-shaped patterns related to Islam, images of Fan Hu riding, shooting and drinking, deep eyes and rhinoplasty! All these are reflected in the porcelain fabrics unearthed in the northwest of China.

⑤ During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, plain brocade of Central Plains brocade changed to twill brocade, and patterns, group patterns and fine grass patterns began to appear in large numbers, which formed a major turning point in China silk weaving patterns. It can be said that under the influence of Hu Feng, the animal patterns in Xicheng are the flowers in the Central Plains.

The perfect combination of flowers and lines has gradually formed a new pattern of twill warp and brocade of China silk.

⑥ In the early Tang Dynasty, Julian's tapestry began to penetrate into the Central Plains. Besides along the Silk Road, it was also unearthed in Xi 'an. At the same time, Julian's pattern began to take shape. Sample design is often combined with other decorative patterns to form new patterns, such as the combination of two circles of lotus beads, the cooperation between cirrus clouds and lotus beads, and the cooperation between lotus beads and flower buds. After the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the flowers conforming to China's aesthetics replaced the pattern of lotus beads, and combined with the animal patterns from the west to form a brand-new pattern. The lotus flower is a colorful and full mother crystal with richer layers.

⑦ Silk cultural relics unearthed along the Silk Road, which have accumulated Hu Hua style, are mainly admired in North Korea, with a small amount of associations, relics and criticisms. Shao's wind, although worn out, is still gorgeous on the sip cake, which is either the warmest, the quietest, or vague, or clear and silent.

Sedimentation, striking, seems to tell the details of automobile history, and then shows the world that the road of camel bell lonely cigarette is not only the main position of Sino-Western trade in the Middle Ages, but also the place where Chinese and Western cultures meet most.

1. In terms of weaving, what types can brocade be divided into?

2. Read paragraph 6 carefully and summarize the characteristics of brocade after the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

3. What is the role of paragraph (2) in the content and structure of the full text? (4 points)

4. "The following statement is consistent with the original harmony: ().

A. The Silk Road is two overland silks starting from Chang 'an and reaching Mediterranean countries.

B. The patterns and patterns of western elements on the silk fabrics of the Central Plains are influenced by the backflow of silk production technology in the western regions.

C There are many silk cultural relics unearthed along the Silk Road, mainly brocade, a little embroidery and loose embroidery.

D. The Silk Road was the main position of Sino-Western trade in the Middle Ages, which promoted the blending of Eastern and Western culture and art. 。

Reference answer:

1, plain warp brocade, twill warp brocade and pearl embroidery brocade.

2. China flowers are combined with western animal patterns to form new patterns; Full pattern, delicate outline and rich layers.

3. The main contents are as follows, which leads to the explanation of brocade weaving and pattern development and change; Structurally, it is a connecting link between the preceding and the following, and it has inherited the tapestry painted on the secluded road.

4、D