In 2006, the investment in fixed assets in China decreased from 29.8% in the first half of the year to 24% in the whole year.
China's investment structure has been improved, and investment in some industries with overcapacity has been restrained, such as the decline in the production and supply of electricity and heat, and the decline in the growth rate of investment in some industries such as textile industry and coal mining and washing industry.
In addition, the growth rate of money and credit stabilized at a high level, and the growth rate of broad money declined step by step, stabilizing at 16.9% throughout the year, and the growth rate of RMB loans was also controlled. The average monthly new loans dropped from 357.9 billion yuan in the first half of the year to147.6 billion yuan in the fourth quarter.
2 can realize the reduction of thermal energy consumption.
In recent two years, China has taken a series of important measures, including adjusting the export tax rebate policy for resource-based products and accelerating technological progress to adjust backward production capacity with high energy consumption.
It should be said that these measures are receiving positive results. In terms of energy production, power generation, especially thermal power generation, makes it possible for a number of large units with relatively high technical level, and the energy consumption can reach or approach the world advanced level. In addition, the backward production capacity of coal mining was eliminated, so the energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP in China dropped for the first time in three years in the third quarter of last year. However, it should be said that it is very difficult to achieve the goal of 4% reduction in energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP in the whole year, and it is likely that this goal will not be achieved. However, the rise and fall of energy consumption is also a very positive signal and effect. With the increasing investment in China's fiscal policy, tax policy, price policy and energy industry development, I think the effect of energy saving and consumption reduction will be more obvious in the next few years.
3 How to treat the hot trade surplus
The total import and export volume for the whole year was 1.7607 billion USD, an increase of 23.8% over the previous year and an acceleration of 0.6 percentage point. Among them, the export was 969,654.38 billion US dollars, an increase of 27.2%; Imports reached $796,543.8 billion, up by 20.0%. The balance of imports and exports reached177.5 billion US dollars, an increase of 75.5 billion US dollars over the previous year. At the end of the year, China's foreign exchange reserves stood at US$ 654.38 billion, an increase of US$ 247.3 billion.
The trade surplus is one of the phenomena of China's opening to the outside world, which cannot be viewed in isolation. The emergence of trade surplus actually reflects that China's competitiveness has really improved. China's trade surplus is realized under the background of international industrial transfer, opening to the outside world and accelerating the pace of trade liberalization. It is hard to say that if there is more trade surplus, China will benefit a lot, because there are still so many areas where service trade is still in deficit.
Exchange rate is an important factor affecting the trade balance, but it is not the only factor. What I want to say is that exchange rate adjustment may be difficult to change the trade balance between China and some countries. In fact, China and the United States have appreciated against the US dollar, but the trade balance between us has not decreased. It has a deficit with some countries and regions such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan Province Province, China, ASEAN and Brazil. Therefore, in the future, the trend of RMB exchange rate will still be adjusted according to the principles of initiative, controllability and gradualism formulated by the China government, as well as the changes in the market and the development situation at home and abroad.
4 Why is the domestic demand growth in hot areas weak?
In recent years, China has been enhancing residents' consumption ability by increasing income, and promoting domestic consumption demand by improving consumption environment and providing or cultivating a series of new consumption hotspots, but domestic demand is still not growing fast enough.
One of the main reasons, I think, is that our social security system is still not perfect. Medical care, education and other fields that used to eat the same pot have left residents with room for future consumption and enhanced their risk awareness. They have saved more money for such expenses in the future. Therefore, to expand consumer demand, I think it is very important to further improve the social security system, further promote the reform of education and medical system, further standardize our real estate market, and stabilize real estate prices. In this way, consumer demand will rise slowly. Another aspect is external demand, because external demand is relatively strong, so our trade surplus is relatively large, which may be another reason why domestic demand is relatively insufficient and the proportion is relatively low.
Why does the price of hot food keep rising?
After increasing production for three consecutive years, food prices are still rising.
First of all, there are both aggregate reasons and structural reasons. Second, there are both domestic and international reasons.
Judging from the total output, although we have achieved three years of continuous production increase, this is a three-year recovery growth based on the low grain output in 2003, and the relationship between grain supply and demand is still in a tight balance. Therefore, it does not mean that the relationship between supply and demand of grain has reversed, and there has been a pattern of oversupply. The second aspect is structural reasons. Although the total output is increasing, there is still a big gap between supply and demand of some products. Coupled with the poor connection of circulation links, the rise in the price of a single product transmitted and affected the price rise of other products, which led to the rise in food prices.
As far as the international market is concerned, the world grain output decreased by 1.6% last year, including grain by 2. 1%, wheat by 5.2%, coarse grains by 1. 1%, and grain demand increased by 1%. Therefore, the changes in the overall pattern of the world grain market have triggered a sharp rise in the futures prices of wheat and corn in the Chicago futures market, which has also led to an increase in the prices of our imported grain.
6 hot issues of farmers' income
The annual per capita disposable income of urban residents 1 1759 yuan, an increase of 12. 1% over the previous year. After deducting the price factor, the actual growth was 10.4%, 0.8 percentage points faster. The per capita net income of rural residents was 3,587 yuan, an increase of 10.2% over the previous year. After deducting the price factor, the actual growth rate was 7.4%, accelerating by 1.2 percentage points.
In 2006, China ended its 2600-year history of agricultural tax. This alone has reduced the burden on farmers by more than 654.38 billion yuan and increased their income. In addition, in recent years, China's economic growth rate has remained at a high level, and a large number of rural surplus labor forces have shifted from inefficient and low-income agriculture to relatively efficient secondary and tertiary industries, which has also improved the income level of farmers. In 2006, the per capita wage income of farmers reached 1.375 yuan, an increase of 200 yuan over the previous year, with a growth rate of1.7%; Farmers' agricultural income in 53 yuan increased by 3.6%; The income of farmers from secondary and tertiary industries increased by 9.3% in 35 yuan. There is also the continuous and rapid growth of transfer income. The central government's direct subsidies for farmers to grow grain, subsidies for improved varieties, and subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools. In these years, the per capita transfer income has reached 1, 8 1 yuan, and the per capita 33 yuan has increased. This shows that the government has indeed taken a series of measures to do everything possible to increase farmers' income. However, the total number of farmers in China is too large, and the rural population is too large. We need to gradually raise the overall income level of farmers.
7 hot GDP error problem
There is a gap between the figures of national GDP and the total accounting figures of local GDP.
First, the accounting system. At present, our country and provinces and cities are accounted by the state and local governments respectively, the National Bureau of Statistics calculates the national GDP, and the provinces and cities calculate the GDP of each province and city. In this way, there will inevitably be differences between the two. Nowadays, economic development is characterized by globalization, and many enterprises, especially group companies, have their industries distributed all over the country and even the world. So statistically, as far as the whole country is concerned, it is possible to put forward these factors of double counting. As far as the localities are concerned, the statements required by the group companies are counted once at the headquarters, and may be counted again at the production place of the enterprise, so that the sum of the localities may be greater than the whole country. The second aspect is the technical reason of statistics. The statistics of our service industry are still relatively weak. In the service industry, the basic data used in national accounting and local accounting are also different, so this also causes differences in national and regional statistical data.
Also, from a national perspective, our accounting is relatively easier than that of local governments, which also causes the difference between the two.