1. Leveling: It means that after cargo is loaded, in order to keep the pressure balance and navigation safety of the ship, it is necessary to mobilize and level the bulk cargo such as coal and grain piled into the cabin. This operation is called "leveling". Therefore, "fair price" refers to the price of goods transported to the port and loaded on board (all expenses incurred before sailing, including all expenses before boarding), but does not include related expenses thereafter. And "liquidation" refers to hedging futures contracts held by opponents (selling long contracts or buying short contracts for hedging), that is, understanding the significance of holding positions.
2. Closing price: also called FOB. Refers to the price of coal shipped to the port, including all expenses before boarding, that is to say, the seller ships the coal, but does not pay the transaction price of sea freight. (There are several links in the settlement of a ton of coal when it arrives in Hong Kong: taking Qinhuangdao Port as an example, wagons enter various coal unloading locations in Qin Port, such as 6 and 7 companies go to Liucun South Station and enter the dumper room to unload coal. There is a storage fee for dumping into the coal pile with a belt conveyor, and different companies charge different fees. Coal is mined from the coal pile by the reclaimer and sent to the loader by the belt conveyor for loading and finishing. The cost of the whole process of loading, unloading and closing positions in Qin Port is generally called the port lump sum fee, which is about 16 yuan/ton, and the storage fee is counted separately. )
3. The whole process of futures trading can be summarized as opening positions, holding positions, closing positions or physical delivery. Opening a position, also known as opening a position, refers to the new purchase or sale of a certain number of futures contracts by traders. Buying and selling a futures contract in the futures market is equivalent to signing a forward delivery contract. If traders keep futures contracts until the end of the last trading day, they must settle futures transactions by physical delivery or cash settlement. However, only a few people make physical delivery, and most speculators and hedgers generally choose to sell their futures contracts or buy back their futures contracts before the end of the last trading day. That is to say, the original futures contract is written off by a futures transaction with the same amount and opposite direction, thus ending the futures transaction and relieving the obligation of physical delivery at maturity. This behavior of buying back a sold contract or selling a bought contract is called liquidation.
4. Liquidation refers to the behavior of futures investors to buy or sell stock index futures contracts with the same variety, quantity and delivery month, but in the opposite direction, thus liquidating stock index futures trading. It can also be understood as: liquidation refers to the trading behavior of traders, and the way of liquidation is to hedge the position direction. Closing a position in futures trading is equivalent to selling in stock trading. Because futures trading has a two-way trading mechanism, there are two kinds of closing positions: buying and closing positions (corresponding to selling and opening positions) and selling and closing positions (corresponding to buying and opening positions).