Development history of asphalt concrete;
17 12 years, taking the discovery of rock asphalt in Switzerland as an opportunity, Germany, France and other countries also discovered it one after another. Around 1850, France used rock asphalt for road pavement for the first time, and built a thin asphalt pavement in Paris in 1854, which is the beginning of hot paving rock asphalt pavement. The rock asphalt used at that time was limestone infiltrated with 6~ 10% asphalt, crushed into fine particles, heated, spread and rolled to form asphalt pavement. The maximum particle size is 2.5mm, and it reaches more than 40% through 0.074mm powder, which is an advanced pavement structure at that time.
Until 1850, the United States imported a lot of rock asphalt from France and Switzerland, and began to build rock asphalt pavement with the east as the center. By 1900, new york only recorded 25000m2. 187 1 year, E.J.Desdment successfully paved asphalt pavement with sand, gravel and Tenerit Lake asphalt in new york, and obtained the construction patent, which is the beginning of modern hot-rolled lake asphalt pavement. In 1872, Washington compared the previous construction methods of rock asphalt pavement with those of limestone powder, sand, lake asphalt and petroleum residue oil, which proved that both of them could meet the traffic requirements at that time. This can be said to be a precedent for building test pavement with rock asphalt and lake asphalt. The use of test road has become the basis for the transformation of pavement materials from rock asphalt to lake asphalt, and it is also the beginning of the application of petroleum residue to pavement.
1885 invented the automobile powered by gasoline, 1887 invented the pneumatic tire, and the automobile industry rose. Because the truck load is different from the carriage, in order to meet the load demand, the United States added crushed stones to the asphalt mixture of stone powder, sand and lake, and invented the Warrenitebitulithic pavement, that is, the lower layer is a double-layer asphalt concrete pavement made of two layers of coarse-graded asphalt concrete and the upper layer of asphalt sand, which is the origin of asphalt concrete pavement. By 1905, Topeka produced Topeka pavement in the United States, which made the asphalt pavement structure more perfect.
19 1 1 year, the supreme court of the United States ruled that automobile factories were allowed to manufacture cars freely, and transportation officially entered the era of automobile transportation, which put forward higher requirements for pavement. Thus, in 1920, the original test method of asphalt concrete-Hubbard field method appeared. The asphalt paver was produced in 1930, and the expressway was built in 1934. Since then, asphalt pavement has become the main form of modern high-grade pavement.