Fund is a financial management model that uses a certain amount of investors' funds to focus on certain projects. Initiated by fund companies, managed by fund managers and managed by companies. Investors hold and have the right to pay dividends. According to the investment direction, it is divided into stock funds, bond funds, mixed funds and money funds.
Stock is a fund-raising target issued by listed companies and raised from investors through the secondary market platform. Investors can buy and sell stocks in the secondary market and have the right to receive dividends from listed companies and the corresponding rights of the company on a regular basis.
Futures is a kind of forward contract, which means that buyers and sellers have the right to buy or sell a certain number of commodities at a certain price in a future trading day, and there is a certain amount of margin as the support of this right. Futures originally originated from commodity trading, and later developed into financial derivatives.
Securities are the general name of all negotiable instruments, and they don't have to be traded in the market. Bill of lading is also a kind of securities.
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