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The earliest glass manufacturer in the world was the ancient Egyptians. The appearance and use of glass has a history of more than 4000 years in human life. Small glass beads have been unearthed from the remains of Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt 4000 years ago.
/kloc-in the 0/2 century, commercial glass appeared and began to become an industrial material. /kloc-in the 0/8th century, in order to meet the needs of making telescopes, optical glass was made. 1874, Belgium made flat glass for the first time. 1906, the flat glass is made in America. Since then, with the industrialization and scale of glass production, glasses with various uses and properties have come out one after another. In modern times, glass has become an important material in daily life, production and science and technology.
More than 3000 years ago, a European Phoenician merchant ship loaded with crystal mineral "natural soda" sailed on the Berus River on the Mediterranean coast. As the sea ebbed, the merchant ship ran aground, so the crew boarded the beach one after another. Some crew members also carry cauldrons and firewood, and use a few pieces of "natural soda" as the support of the cauldron to cook on the beach.
After the crew finished eating, the tide began to rise. They were about to pack up their things and go on sailing when someone shouted, "Come and see, there are some glittering and translucent things on the sand at the bottom of the pot!" " "
The crew took these shiny things to the ship to study them carefully. They found some quartz sand and melted natural soda sticking to these shiny things. It turns out that these shiny things are natural soda used to make pot supports when they cook. Under the action of flame, they react chemically with quartz sand on the beach, which is the earliest glass. Later, the Phoenicians mixed quartz sand with natural soda, and then melted it in a special furnace to make glass balls, which made the Phoenicians make a fortune.
Around the 4th century, the ancient Romans began to apply glass to doors and windows. By 129 1, the glass manufacturing technology in Italy has been very developed.
In this way, Italian glassworkers were sent to an isolated island to produce glass, and they were not allowed to leave the island for life.
1688, a man named Fu Na invented the method of making large pieces of glass. Since then, glass has become an ordinary article.
Glass: This is Sanskrit, not the so-called glass today. It's also quite plum, KJV is quite Jia, and Di Ting Jia is Jia, which is equivalent to the water essence (crystal) here.
Crystal has four colors: purple, white, red and blue.
"Xuan Ying Yi Yin" said: "Boli is also known as the national treasure of the West. This cloud is full of jade and water, or it is a cloud of white pearls."
The Great Theory said: "This treasure came from the grottoes in the mountains, and after a thousand years, it turned into a beautiful pearl."
"Huiyuan Yi Yin" cloud this treasure: "It is shaped like water essence, and its luster is more subtle than water essence, with four colors of yellow, blue, purple and white."
Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in Ming Dynasty: "Glass is elegant. So is the name of Bali. It is as bright as water and as hard as jade, hence the name Shuiyu. The same name as the water mirror. "
Futures market first appeared in Europe. As early as ancient Greece and Rome, there were central trading places, bulk barter transactions, and trading activities with the nature of futures trade. The original futures trading was developed from spot forward trading. The first modern futures exchange 1848 was established in Chicago, USA, and 1865 established a standard contract model. In 1990s, China Modern Futures Exchange came into being. There are four futures exchanges in China: Shanghai Futures Exchange, Dalian Commodity Exchange, Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange and China Financial Futures Exchange. The price changes of its listed futures products have a far-reaching impact on related industries at home and abroad.