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What subjects are included in the exchange difference of foreign currency trading financial assets?
Included in the financial expenses.

If the exchange difference formed by available-for-sale financial assets is a monetary item (bond investment), the exchange gains and losses generated shall be included in financial expenses; If it is an available-for-sale equity instrument (equity investment), the exchange gains and losses generated are included in the owner's equity (other comprehensive income), etc.

Definition of transactional financial assets;

According to the Accounting Standards for Recognition and Measurement of Financial Instruments, financial assets or financial liabilities shall be classified as trading financial assets or financial liabilities if they meet one of the following conditions:

(1) The main purpose of obtaining this financial asset is to sell or repurchase it in the near future. For example, the purchased stocks to be held in the short term can be used as trading financial assets.

(2) It is a part of the identifiable financial instrument portfolio under centralized management, and there is objective evidence that the enterprise recently managed the portfolio through short-term profit. If a fund company purchases a batch of stocks for the purpose of making short-term profits, the portfolio stocks shall be regarded as trading financial assets.

(3) It is a derivative instrument. In other words, under normal circumstances, the purchased derivatives such as futures should be used as trading financial assets, because the purpose of derivatives is trading. However, derivatives designated as effective hedging instruments, derivatives belonging to financial guarantee contracts and derivatives linked to equity instruments that are not quoted in an active market and whose fair value cannot be reliably measured and must be settled by delivering equity instruments are excluded, because they cannot be traded at any time.

Account settings

1, "Trading Financial Assets" accounts for the fair value of trading financial assets such as bond investment, stock investment and fund investment held by enterprises for trading purposes.

(1) The financial assets directly designated by the enterprise and measured at fair value and whose changes are included in the current profits and losses are also accounted for in the subject of "transactional financial assets". "Transactional Financial Assets" Course

Debit-the difference between the acquisition cost of a registered trading financial asset and its fair value higher than the book balance on the balance sheet date.

Creditor-the difference between the fair value and the book balance on the balance sheet date, and the cost carried forward when the enterprise sells the trading financial assets.

(2) Detailed account of this account-An enterprise shall separately set up detailed accounts such as "cost" and "change in fair value" for accounting according to the categories and varieties of transactional financial assets.

2. "Gains and losses from changes in fair value" accounts for gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of trading financial assets of enterprises that should be included in the current profits and losses.

3, "investment income" account for the investment income obtained during the holding of trading financial assets and the investment income or investment loss realized by the disposal of trading financial assets.

accounting treatment

1. This account accounts for financial assets held by enterprises at fair value and their changes are included in current profits and losses, including bond investment, stock investment, fund investment, warrant investment and other financial assets directly designated as at fair value and their changes are included in current profits and losses.

Derivative financial assets are not accounted for in this account.

An enterprise (securities) that underwrites securities as an agent can also set up a separate "133 1 underwriting securities as an agent" account in this account.

Two, this course should be in accordance with the categories and varieties of trading financial assets, respectively, "cost" and "fair value changes" for detailed accounting.

Three, the main accounting treatment of trading financial assets

(1) When an enterprise obtains a trading financial asset, it debits the account (cost) according to the fair value of the trading financial asset, debits the account of "investment income" according to the transaction cost incurred, debits the account of "dividend receivable or interest receivable" according to the actual amount paid, and credits the account of "bank deposit".

(2) The cash dividend or bond interest declared by the investment unit during the holding of trading financial assets shall be debited to the subject of "dividend receivable (or interest receivable)" and credited to the subject of "investment income". (When receiving cash dividends or interest, debit "bank deposit" and credit "dividends or interest receivable")

(3) On the balance sheet date, the difference between the fair value of trading financial assets and its book balance shall be debited to this account (changes in fair value) and credited to the account of "gains and losses from changes in fair value"; If the fair value is lower than its book balance, make the opposite accounting entry.

(4) When selling trading financial assets, the account of "bank deposit" should be debited according to the actual amount received, the account of "cost" should be credited according to the cost of trading financial assets, the account of "fair value change" should be credited or debited, and the account of "investment income" should be credited or debited according to the difference. At the same time, according to the fair value changes of trading financial assets, debit or credit "gains and losses from changes in fair value" and credit or debit "investment income".