Are there any spare parts that car manufacturers can't grab?
Behind every car are thousands of spare parts.
Today, with the division of labor in the manufacturing industry becoming more and more detailed, except for those big pieces, many auto parts are not produced by auto manufacturers themselves. Generally speaking, some subsidiaries closely related to automobile manufacturers (even wholly-owned subsidiaries of automobile manufacturers) will undertake the production of some spare parts, and international spare parts giants with advantages in some fields will also undertake the supply of some spare parts.
Then the question is, will these international spare parts giants card spare parts for no reason?
It should be said that it is possible, but not necessary.
Because automobile manufacturers and spare parts suppliers themselves belong to the upstream and downstream relationship, everyone is doing business, and spare parts suppliers do not need to stifle their sales. Moreover, cars are civilian products, and there are almost no so-called spare parts supply restrictions.
So in the case of being stuck in the neck by international spare parts giants, there are generally only these kinds:
In the first case, because the products of international spare parts giants are still an indispensable part of a car, these international spare parts giants naturally have considerable bargaining power. In the end, these international spare parts giants will share the profits of more automakers.
Some people can remember that Dongan Mitsubishi engine, which is not advanced in technology, became the favorite of many independent brands in the early years because of its low cost, solid leather and simple maintenance. Even the models of well-known independent brands such as BYD, Great Wall, Geely, China and Haima were equipped with Dongan Mitsubishi engines.
Off-topic, sometimes, even if automobile manufacturers get the same spare parts, the same spare parts will have different performances on different models.
Take Aisin gearbox used by many automobile manufacturers as an example. For some BMW models equipped with Aisin gearbox, it is not difficult to reduce the extreme action from the eighth gear to the fifth gear, but it may not be easy for other independent brands-Aisin 8-speed gearbox supports such travel stop in hardware, but the gearbox program is something that automobile manufacturers need to intervene. Whether to implement such a trip stop is the choice of automobile manufacturers' calibration.
For example, there is a sudden problem in the upstream of spare parts suppliers, resulting in a shortage of production materials. What should I do?
Generally speaking, spare parts suppliers will purchase some materials in advance according to the demand, do a good job in the safe inventory cycle of materials, and place orders for some futures when the price will change to ensure the stability of materials. At the critical moment, it also tests the ability of spare parts suppliers to adjust goods.
Of course, sometimes unexpected effects will be greater than expected.
Even though these giant spare parts suppliers have many factories all over the world, some spare parts sold in many parts of the world are often handed over to a few local factories for production; Once there is an accident in the factory, or there is a problem in local traffic, it is the downstream automobile manufacturer that is stuck, which is the same reason that the spare parts supplier will be suppressed by the upstream material supplier.
Recently, Hyundai Motor Co., Ltd. became the first automobile manufacturer outside China to shut down due to the novel coronavirus epidemic, and its high dependence on Chinese-made parts was the main reason for the suspension of seven factories involved in Hyundai Motor Co., Ltd..
According to trade data, in 20 19, the value of Korean auto parts imported from China reached156 billion US dollars, an increase of 6. 1% compared with 20 18, and it was highly dependent on China's parts supply system.
In the first case, most of them occur before a model starts production. For automobile manufacturers, the spare parts they get may not be cost-effective, which will affect the gross profit margin of the models more or less. So, either, automobile manufacturers continue to negotiate prices with spare parts suppliers, or automobile manufacturers choose to replace other spare parts suppliers.
After all, there is generally more than one spare parts giant in a field. For turbocharger suppliers, Honeywell, Borgwarner, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Bosch Mahler, Cummins, Garrett, IHI Ishikawa Island Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., and mainland Germany ... Among so many giant suppliers, finding a few turbochargers with up-to-standard parameters will not be a problem.
It can be said that R&D is indeed a very expensive thing, and the R&D strength and experience behind it are actually secretly marked on the price of the product. Buying spare parts that have not been put into production for a long time will definitely cost more.
Of course, from another point of view, newer products will not only be subject to the capacity of spare parts suppliers, but also have uncertainties in compatibility and reliability, requiring automobile manufacturers to bear risks, and the overall cost performance will naturally be slightly worse.
This is a little love rat? But in fact, this practice is common in automobile production, and many spare parts with low technical content or non-core will adopt this practice.
At the same time, both parts suppliers and automobile manufacturers will have a certain amount of inventory to deal with emergencies. If spare parts suppliers have a great impact on supply interruption and delayed delivery for some reasons, they will also inform automobile manufacturers in advance so that they can adjust their production plans. After all, manufacturing is really a link.
Some people may ask, if there is an accident, can't the models already in production be replaced by spare parts suppliers to buy spare parts? If it is a spare parts supplier, when there is no material, it can also change to the upstream to adjust the spot to meet the material supply.
Theoretically, all the parts in the automobile design standard can meet the requirements, but in fact, due to the manufacturing standards and quality control management level of different parts suppliers, even if the parts are in the automobile design standard, they still need to be adapted and tested after being installed in the automobile.
It is precisely because the test experiment takes a lot of time that automobile manufacturers will not quickly replace the corresponding spare parts for a model because of the sudden shortage of spare parts. Changing the supplier of spare parts may even happen when the car is changed, so that the car can appear in the market in a more perfect state, which can also reduce the probability of failure or even the probability of later recall to a certain extent.
Therefore, during the epidemic, Honda, Toyota, Ford, BMW, Tesla and many other automobile manufacturers had to announce the extension of the Spring Festival holiday more or less because of spare parts supply, or factory and labor problems.
Also during the epidemic, Beijing Benz Automobile Co., Ltd. wrote to the Tianjin Municipal Government and wuqing district, Tianjin, saying that "the company only has one day's safety stock, and if it stops production for more than one day, it will cause Beijing Benz to stop production. If Beijing Benz can't resume work in February 10, the daily economic loss will exceed 400 million yuan, which will also bring huge losses to the economic development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. "
It's hard to say, because many 4S stores are also affected by the epidemic, and they are trying to sell their existing cars for cash flow, but the prices of some dealers will be surprising; But if you book a car instead of buying a current car, the delay in delivery is certainly a matter of course. Regardless of the supply of spare parts, at the very least, the scooter delivered to the automobile manufacturer is stuck-a rider said that the model he ordered was rolled off the assembly line on June 65438+ 10/6, but because there is no scooter to transport, he can't pick it up now.
Taking the actual situation as an example, the standard performance of most domestic products is quite good. Even the lexus ES200, which is imported from the whole vehicle, has some engines made in China and manufactured by GAC Toyota Factory. That is to say, the engine of ES200 is completed in China, exported to Japan and assembled on the car, and then the whole car is imported for domestic sales.
However, at present, many China spare parts suppliers fail to occupy a place in consumers' minds with the world-leading technical strength, so that their own brand models are also promoted by using spare parts from international spare parts suppliers. Although to a certain extent, the participation of international auto parts suppliers is not entirely a bad thing, and the better performance of their products allows consumers to buy cars with better cost performance, for China's auto industry, China brand still has a long way to go to the high end.
It's your turn to say:
Which international spare parts suppliers giants are you familiar with?
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.