Brief introduction of carbon market:
Carbon market is a trading market in which greenhouse gas emission rights are circulated as commodities for the purpose of controlling the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions in a specific period and region. Under the constraint of total emission control, greenhouse gas emission rights, including carbon dioxide, become scarce resources and have commodity properties, so trading activities can occur.
The public international law basis of carbon trading is Kyoto Protocol. Among the six greenhouse gases that require emission reduction, the amount of carbon dioxide is the largest, so the transaction is based on the equivalent of carbon dioxide per ton, which is generally called "carbon trading" and its trading market is called carbon market.
Second, the carbon market operation mechanism:
The carbon market mainly consists of two parts: the primary market and the secondary market. The primary market covers the total amount setting, quota allocation and offset mechanism, and the secondary market includes on-site transactions and off-site transactions composed of standardized, continuous, open transactions and clearing services.
On this basis, the carbon market has a financing service market, such as carbon pledge, carbon repurchase, carbon custody, carbon fund, etc., and the latter such as carbon index and carbon insurance. In the composition of carbon trading products, in addition to carbon spot and carbon futures, there are also financial derivatives such as carbon options, carbon swaps, carbon index trading products and carbon asset securitization.
Due to the limitation of their own carbon emission quotas, enterprises can not only supplement their carbon quotas through the trading market, but also offset the quotas according to the nationally certified voluntary emission reduction (CCER), such as investing in the construction of clean energy industries such as wind power.
Trading time and significance of carbon market;
1, trading time
In terms of trading time, except for legal holidays and closed days announced by trading institutions, the trading time of listing agreements is from 9:30 am to 1 1:30 pm 13:00 pm to 15:00 pm every Monday to Friday, and the trading time of bulk agreements is from Monday to Friday afternoon/kloc-. The trading time of one-way bidding shall be announced separately by the trading institution.
2. Significance
It is an important decision to build a unified national carbon emission trading market, and it is also an important institutional innovation to control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by using market mechanisms and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of economic development mode. It is also an important policy tool to strengthen the construction of ecological civilization and implement international emission reduction commitments.