Early indica rice can be divided into ordinary early indica rice (conventional) and high quality early indica rice. Ordinary early indica rice is generally used for storage, and individual processing enterprises mainly process high-quality early indica rice. The proportion of high-quality early indica rice is also very large. Ordinary early indica rice and high-quality early indica rice are mainly distinguished according to grain type and belly white. According to the survey, the good quality rates of early indica rice, medium indica rice and late indica rice are 15%, 28% and 76% respectively. Early indica rice is a kind of indica rice with short growth period and early harvest period. Generally, the abdomen of rice grains is white, and there are fewer horny grains. The quality of early indica rice is worse than that of middle and late indica rice. Early indica rice is loose in quality, poor in compression resistance, easy to produce broken rice during processing, low in rice yield and poor in edible quality. Mid-late indica rice has solid quality, good pressure resistance, less broken rice during processing and high rice yield. However, early indica rice also has many quality advantages that middle and late indica rice can't replace.
1. Early indica rice has abundant rainfall, sufficient light and heat, less pests and diseases, less disastrous weather, and is easy to obtain stable and high yield. In addition, all localities actively developed improved varieties, popularized new technologies, expanded the area of improved varieties, and steadily increased the output of early indica rice.
2. Early indica rice has low water content and storage resistance.
3. Early indica rice has a wide range of uses, which can be eaten and fed, and can also be used as industrial raw materials for brewing and food.
4. The consumption market of early indica rice is large. The rich, some high-income urban residents and senior white-collar workers mainly eat early indica rice, and the demand for feed grain and industrial grain is also relatively large.
5. Early indica rice has good nutritional quality. The protein content and quality of early indica rice are obviously better than that of middle and late rice.
6. The hygienic quality of early indica rice is high. With the improvement of early indica rice quality and the development of variety diversification, there are still a considerable number of consumer groups at present and in the future because of the relatively small amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides used and the relatively high hygienic quality of early indica rice.
7. Early indica rice varieties have good quality consistency and are easy to standardize. There are few high-quality varieties of early indica rice, and the differences between varieties are relatively small, so it is easier to standardize early indica rice. There are many high-quality indica rice varieties in the middle and late rice, and the internal quality and price of different varieties are quite different, and the yield of high-quality varieties accounts for a large proportion, which is relatively difficult to standardize. Generally speaking, the natural growth and development of rice can be divided into three stages. From seed germination to young panicle differentiation into simple vegetative growth period, roots, stems, leaves and other vegetative organs are formed; Young panicles began to differentiate into vegetative growth and reproductive growth before heading, and the last three leaves and rice panicles formed; Heading maturity is a simple reproductive growth period, which goes through flowering, milk ripening, wax ripening and complete maturity. Traditionally, the growth and development process of rice is divided into "two stages and four stages", that is, the young panicle begins to differentiate, which is called vegetative growth stage before the young panicle begins to differentiate, and reproductive growth stage after the young panicle begins to differentiate. In order to master the growth process in high-yield cultivation, it is divided into seedling stage, tillering stage, young spike formation stage and flowering, filling and fruiting stage. In practice, the seedling stage of transplanting is the seedling stage, which is called Honda stage after transplanting, and it is also divided into three stages, namely, the early stage, from transplanting to greening to tillering; In the middle stage, the rice ear differentiated and formed; Late stage, from early flowering to filling maturity.