Pull one hair and move the whole body. The central bank lowered the deposit and loan interest rates twice in a month, and this time it temporarily exempted the deposit interest tax. The central bank's previous interest rate adjustment will have a greater impact on the financial market. As an investor, you should also change your financial thinking and manage your own money.
From a macro perspective, the main purpose of the central bank's interest rate cut is to expand domestic demand and stimulate consumption; In the eyes of investors, how to save money is the most cost-effective, how to manage money is the most reasonable, and how to invest to avoid the risks in the global financial market is the most critical issue ... In the context of interest rate cuts, our reporter interviewed many experts and scholars, analyzed various financial management methods, and put forward operational suggestions for investors' reference.
bank deposit
At present, long-term deposits are more cost-effective
10 Starting from June 9, the one-year RMB deposit interest rate will be lowered by 0.27 percentage point, and the benchmark interest rates for deposits and loans of other maturities will be adjusted accordingly. In addition, from 65438+ 10 9, the interest income of savings deposits will be temporarily exempted from personal income tax.
"Unlike the transfer after raising interest rates, depositors don't have to worry after reducing deposit interest, just keep existing deposits motionless." Sun Da, an international financial planner and president of Tianjin Pohang Sub-branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, said that the interest rate cut is limited, and the interest income of savings deposits is temporarily exempted from personal income tax, which will not change much for depositors in the future. Take one-year time deposit as an example:
◎ The income before tax exemption is:
10000× 4.14 %× (100%-5%) = 393.3 yuan.
◎ Income after tax exemption is:
10000× 3.87% = 387 yuan
Note: "5%" is the tax rate of deposit interest income payable by individuals.
It can be seen that the interest after tax exemption is lower than that before tax exemption, 6.3 yuan.
As it is in the interest rate reduction cycle, most people in the banking industry suggest that if savings are needed at this time, long-term savings should be made to avoid the interest rate being lowered again when short-term deposits expire.
mortgage
Don't easily adjust the repayment interest rate form
According to the reporter's understanding, according to the provisions of the bank mortgage contract, interest rate adjustment was encountered during the loan period, and it was officially implemented in the following year 1. In other words, the lender will have to wait until June next year 1 at the earliest to enjoy the loan interest rate reduction policy. However, this interest rate cut is undoubtedly good news for mortgage borrowers. Last year, the central bank raised interest rates one after another, and many borrowers used fixed interest rates to repay their loans. However, with the expected increase in interest rate cuts, it will become common sense for investors to avoid fixed interest rates and choose floating interest rate repayment in the future. After this interest rate cut, the loan interest rate for five years and above decreased from 7.74% to 7.47%, and the loan interest rate for provident fund for five years and above decreased from 5. 13% to 4.86%. The original fixed-rate mortgage is no longer cost-effective.
For example, Mr. Miao, a citizen, handled a 500,000 yuan personal housing commercial loan in the bank last year. According to the benchmark interest rate of 7.83%, he will pay back 3773.78 yuan every month for 20 years. 16 After the first interest rate cut in September, Mr. Miao needs to repay 375 1. 16 yuan every month, which is 22.62 yuan less than before the interest rate cut. After this interest rate cut, Mr. Miao's monthly payment is 3683.70 yuan, which is 90.08 yuan less than before the first interest rate cut.
Even so, many experts suggest that if the repayment method is changed from fixed interest rate to floating interest rate immediately, the mortgage family needs to pay a certain penalty, so it should be carefully considered before changing the repayment method.
fund
Bond funds benefit the most.
If the central bank cuts interest rates, the citizens can increase their holdings of bond funds. Yesterday, Wang Qunhang, a researcher at Galaxy Securities, told this reporter that the bond market will continue to rise in the next stage because at least 80% of the positions of bond funds need to be allocated with bonds, and the net value of bonds is generally rising at present.
In addition, Wang Qunhang said that all kinds of bond funds achieved good returns in September, and the average monthly net growth rate was higher than 1. 1%, among which pure bond funds gained steady investment income. "The global financial crisis cannot be eliminated in a short time, so people should learn to use bond funds for investment and financial management in a depressed market." Wang Qunhang said.
In the process of the Shanghai Composite Index falling from more than 6,000 points to 2,000 points, investors deeply felt the high risk of partial stock funds, while the performance of bond funds attracted people's attention. The data shows that compared with the continuous shrinkage of partial stock funds, most bond funds achieved positive returns in the third quarter, and the weighted average net value of 57 bond funds increased by 2.39% during the statistical period.
Han Xiaoli, an investment analyst at China Securities, believes that in the context of the global financial crisis, low-risk wealth management products are attracting more and more investors' attention, and stable investors can focus on holding bond funds.
bank investment
Pay attention to products with guaranteed capital and guaranteed income.
The deposit interest rate is lowered by 0.27 percentage points, and many fixed-income wealth management products may have to lower their expected rate of return in the short term. Yesterday, when interviewing the financial managers of many bank business departments, the reporter found that it is generally believed that the fixed-income financial products of banks will reduce the expected rate of return according to the central bank's interest rate cut.
"In this way, investors who have purchased guaranteed income wealth management products before are lucky." Yesterday, the lobby manager of the relevant branch of ABC told the reporter. According to him, a number of banks have previously issued wealth management products linked to central bank bills, bonds and other varieties (according to statistics of relevant departments, among the bank wealth management products currently issued, credit and bill wealth management products account for 77%, and bonds and money market wealth management products account for 14.6%). These products ensure that investors can get a return higher than the time deposit interest rate at maturity.
For example, when the interest rate of one-year fixed deposit is 4. 14%, the income of such products is generally concentrated at 4.5%. At present, the interest rate is lowered, and the previously sold wealth management products will still carry out the agreed income, that is, 4.5%, while the newly issued products will carry out the new yield, and the interest rate may be lowered by 0.27%. That is to say, investors have bought 654.38 million yuan of such products before, and the book income after 1 year is 4,500 yuan. Excluding the handling fee of 1.4% charged by the bank, investors can finally get: 654.38+10,000-1.4%+654.38. However, according to the new rate of return, investors can get 65438+ 10,000 -65438+ 10,000×1.4%+10,000× (4.5%-0.27%) =102470 yuan, which is different from 630 yuan. In this regard, Zhang Xing, a researcher at the Institute of Trust and Financial Management of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, analyzed that the central bank's reduction of deposit interest rates will be reflected in the yield of wealth management products as early as next week.
Insurance products
The decline in the settlement interest rate of universal insurance is irreversible.
Generally speaking, the settlement interest rate of universal insurance depends on three factors, namely, the smooth reserve amount of life insurance company savings, market competition and bank deposit interest rate as the opportunity cost of purchasing universal insurance. 654381October 6, China Ping An Life Insurance Company of China Insurance Company announced that in September, the universal insurance settlement interest rate of personal banks was reduced from 5.5% in August to 5.25%. "It is also possible to reduce the settlement interest rate to below 4.5% with the arrival of the interest rate reduction cycle." A source who asked not to be named said.
Wang Zhichao, Secretary-General of insurance association of china, reminded investors: "The central bank's downward adjustment of the' double rate' will definitely have a certain lag effect on the investment environment of the insurance industry. The settlement interest rates of universal insurance and investment-linked insurance are adjusted monthly and quarterly. After the interest rate cut, the downward trend of their settlement interest rate has been irreversible. As an ordinary person, don't take whether the central bank cuts interest rates or universal insurance reduces the settlement interest rate as the basis for whether to buy insurance, but put the concept of' buying insurance is buying protection' in the first place. Investment appreciation is not the core function of insurance. "
Brokerage financing
It is not appropriate to buy brokerage wealth management products for the time being.
The data shows that in the first half of the year, the average cumulative unit net value of four stock-based products among the securities firms' collective wealth management products decreased by 32.89%, slightly less than the average loss of stock-based funds of 35.69%. The average decline of 6 FOF products was 2 1%, 7 mixed products were 19.56%, and 5 bond products were 1.83%.
Although the performance of brokerage wealth management products showed relatively good resilience in the first half of the year, Xia still suggested: "When buying brokerage wealth management products, we must wait for the market to stabilize."
According to Xia, in the case that the interest rate cut cycle has arrived, the configuration of the collective wealth management products of securities companies will definitely be adjusted. In the past, the design intention of securities firms' financial products was securities market or bond market. But now the stock market is overcast, the bond market fluctuates, and there is no good investment in the short term. Now even the deposit interest rate has been lowered, and interest protection has been affected. Therefore, the design of the product needs to be adjusted. For example, in the current bad stock market, holding other fixed-income varieties has left some room for the stock market to pick up.
"Now it is difficult for wealth management products to maintain a higher income than bank interest." Xia suggested, "Relatively speaking, some wealth management products that invest in the industry have better returns. However, if you want to buy a powerful financial institution, you can relatively guarantee the stability of income and the security of principal. "
golden
The only tool to hedge all risks in the short term.
Gold is naturally money. Under the dual background of the global financial crisis and the downward adjustment of domestic deposit interest rates, gold investment has once again become the choice of many ordinary people.
At present, the types of gold investment that people can participate in include physical gold, paper gold and gold futures.
"The direct impact of the central bank's interest rate cut on the gold market is very small. In addition, the interest rate cut by the Bank of China may be in line with the global central bank rescue, which may not have much impact on the domestic investment environment. In addition, as an investment variety, gold has poor liquidity in China. " Yesterday, Liu Yuning, general manager of Lean Gold, told this reporter. He also believes that in the case of uncertain economic prospects, gold does have a good hedging effect; At the same time, from the perspective of the international futures market, the amplitude of the international gold price remains in a stable space under the circumstances that many trading varieties have plummeted. In a sense, gold can hedge the risks of all financial assets, which is the most worthy of investors' attention. Xia also said that after the huge rescue of the US market, the US dollar will weaken, and gold will be a safe-haven wealth management product and will appreciate.
Liu Yuning also believes that people should pay attention to the proportion of asset allocation when investing in gold, and don't speculate blindly.
Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.