Of course, brokers can monitor investors' accounts, and it is impossible for investors' accounts to suddenly increase by 100 million. Usually, there will be more or less funds and stocks because the systems of brokers and exchanges conduct data tests on weekends, which leads to abnormal data. Ignore it and the data will return to normal in the morning of the next trading day.
I. Stock market The stock market is the place where stocks are issued and traded, including the issuance market and the circulation market. By issuing shares to the society, the joint-stock company quickly concentrates a large amount of funds to realize the scale operation of production; The scattered surplus funds in the society invest in joint-stock companies on the principle of "income * * *, risk * * *" to seek wealth appreciation.
1. Functions of circulation market:
The stock circulation market includes all activities of stock circulation. The existence and development of the stock circulation market has created a good financing environment for stock issuers, and investors can buy and sell stocks at any time according to their own investment plans and market changes. Because investors' worries have been relieved, they can participate in the subscription activities of the stock issuance market with confidence, which is conducive to the company to raise long-term funds, smooth stock circulation and positive promotion of stock issuance. For investors, through the activities of the stock circulation market, they can make short-term and long-term investments, and stocks can be converted between cash and stocks at any time to enhance the liquidity and security of stocks. The price in the stock circulation market is a barometer of economic trends, which can sensitively reflect the changes of capital supply and demand, market supply and demand, industry prospects and political situation, and is an important index for forecasting and analysis. For enterprises, the transfer of equity and the fluctuation of the stock market are indicators of their operating conditions, and they can also provide enterprises with a lot of information in time, which is conducive to the improvement of their business decisions and management. It can be seen that the stock circulation market plays an important role.
2. Stock trading methods
The method and form of transferring stocks for trading is called trading mode, which is the basic link of stock circulation trading. There are many trading methods in the modern stock circulation market, which can be divided into the following three categories from different angles:
1. Bargaining and bidding
From the different prices determined by buyers and sellers, it can be divided into bargaining and bidding. Bargaining is a one-on-one interview between buyers and sellers, and a business transaction is reached through bargaining. It is a common way in over-the-counter trading. Generally, it is used when the stock cannot be listed, the trading volume is small, it needs to be kept secret or in order to save commission. Bidding refers to the fact that both buyers and sellers are groups composed of several people, and both sides openly conduct two-way competitive transactions, that is, there is not only competition between buyers and sellers, but also fierce competition within buyers and sellers, and finally the highest bidder and the lowest bidder conduct transactions. In this kind of competition, the buyer can choose the seller freely, and the seller can also choose the buyer freely, which makes the transaction fairer and the price more reasonable. Bidding is the main way for stock exchange to buy and sell stocks.
2. Direct and indirect transactions
According to the different ways of reaching a transaction, it can be divided into direct transaction and indirect transaction. Direct trading is direct negotiation between buyers and sellers, and stocks are also cleared and delivered by buyers and sellers themselves. There is no intermediary involved in the whole trading process. Most over-the-counter transactions are direct transactions. Indirect trading is a trading method in which buyers and sellers do not meet directly, but entrust an intermediary to buy and sell stocks. The broker system of the stock exchange is a typical indirect transaction.
3. Spot trading and futures trading
According to the different delivery periods, it can be divided into spot trading and futures trading. Spot trading refers to the settlement procedures immediately after the stock transaction is completed, and the currency and goods are liquidated on the spot. Futures trading is a kind of trading method to settle the stock after a certain period of time according to the price and quantity stipulated in the contract.
Composition of circulation market
3. The main elements of the circulation market are: 1. Shareholder, here is the seller; 2. Investors, here is the buyer; 3. Credit intermediary institutions that provide convenient conditions for the circulation and transfer of stock transactions, such as securities companies or stock exchanges (commonly known as stock exchanges).
The exchange market is the most important part of the stock circulation market, and it is also the place where exchange members, securities firms or securities brokers buy and sell listed stocks in the securities market, and it is the main body of the secondary market. Specifically, it has a fixed exchange and fixed trading hours. Accept and handle the stock listing transactions in compliance with relevant laws and regulations, so that the original stock holders and investors have the opportunity to freely buy and sell, close positions, settle accounts and deliver in the market through brokers. Securities companies are also one of the important financial intermediaries in the secondary market. Their most important function is to buy and sell stocks and other securities for investors, provide customers with business services such as custody of securities, margin financing and securities lending for customers, and provide securities investment information.
OTC market is also called OTC market or OTC market. Together with the exchange, it constitutes a complete securities trading market system. The OTC market is actually an abstract securities trading market composed of thousands of securities companies. In the OTC market, most securities companies are both brokers and self-dealers. They can quickly reach a deal with investors who buy or sell securities at any time through direct contact or telephone or telegram. As self-dealers, brokers have the function of creating markets. Brokers often choose several trading objects according to their own characteristics. As a brokerage securities company, securities companies conduct transactions with securities trading companies for customers. Here, brokers are only agents of customers. He doesn't take any risks and only charges a small fee as compensation.
In the stock market, the trend of stock price depends on the movement of funds. Large institutions with strong financial strength can influence or even manipulate the rise and fall of stock prices to a certain extent. They can use their own financial strength to make false quotations in various ways and make profits from them, thus making the stock market speculative. But this does not represent the whole stock market and cannot reflect the essence of the stock market.
Speculation in the stock market should be evaluated objectively. Speculation in the stock market will certainly have a great negative effect on the development of commodity economy, but it cannot be ignored that speculation is also an indispensable condition for capital concentration. We should realize that it is precisely because of the possibility of huge profits that speculation has stimulated some investors to put their funds into the stock market, thus promoting a large concentration of capital and transforming monetary funds into capital.