Hard Wheat (English name: hard wheat) is called horny grains, and wheat with horny grains exceeding 70% is called hard wheat.

Any particle whose horny part is less than half of the cross section of the particle is called powder plasmid. Wheat containing more than 70% powdery plasmid is called soft wheat.

China's national standard for wheat (GB1351-1999) divides hard wheat into:

(1) White hard winter wheat: winter wheat with white or yellow-white seed coat not less than 90% and cutin rate not less than 70%.

(2) White hard spring wheat: spring wheat with white or yellowish white seed coat, no less than 90% seeds and no less than 70% cutin.

(3) Red hard winter wheat: winter wheat with crimson or reddish brown seed coat of not less than 90% and cutin rate of not less than 70%.

(4) Red hard spring wheat: spring wheat with deep red or reddish brown seed coat, no less than 90% grains and no less than 70% cutin rate.

Hard wheat is mainly used to make cakes, biscuits and so on.

Strong wheat:

Strong gluten wheat refers to wheat with high gluten value and strong gluten strength, which is mainly used to make bread. Compared with Lamian Noodles and jiaozi, which require higher gluten strength for common wheat, wet gluten, dough stability time and falling value are mainly added to measure the content and quality of wheat gluten value, fermentation quality and the quality of processed bread food.

Around 1990, China began to cultivate strong gluten wheat varieties and began to popularize them on a large scale in the late 1990 s to solve the problems of excessive balance between grain supply and demand and prominent structural contradictions. At present, the planting area of strong gluten wheat exceeds 5 million hectares, and the output accounts for about a quarter of the total wheat output in China, and the consumption is less and less dependent on imports.

Shandong, Henan and Hebei are the main producing provinces of high-quality wheat in China, and some new wheat varieties in Jiangsu, Anhui and Shanxi provinces can also meet the standards of strong gluten wheat.

Main factors affecting the futures price of strong wheat

Many factors that affect the futures price of strong gluten wheat finally affect the price through the relationship between supply and demand. Mainly include

Economic factors (economic fluctuations, changes in interest rates and exchange rates);

Policy factors (financial policy, agricultural policy, grain and oil policy);

Natural factors (planting area, yield, climate); Psychological factors (psychological expected changes);

Market factors (market size and speculation, etc.). ).

On the supply side: the change of the national reserve imported wheat inventory; The yield of domestic strong gluten wheat is mainly affected by planting area and climate. The import and export volume of the world's major producers.

Demand: domestic consumption and export volume of high-quality wheat, commodity balance at the end of the period and other factors.