Thirdly, it was not until the middle and late 1990s that with the deepening of financial system reform, banks were pushed to the market, and the survival consciousness and competition consciousness of commodity economy forced Chinese banks to start thinking about the development strategy of electronic money.
In China, the focus of current development is mainly on credit card business. The first bank credit card in China was "BOC Card" issued by Zhuhai Branch of Bank of China in June, 1985. Compared with foreign countries, the development history of bank credit cards is very short. China's bank card business has developed rapidly in recent years. Mondex is the closest electronic currency to cash at present. Consumers and merchants (that is, buyers and sellers) use commercial electronic machines and various trading cards as media to input their various supply and demand wishes into e-commerce networks in a certain format: with the development of network technology; Second, the issuer will change from the central bank to other entities, and the construction of the electronic money system is slow, which also covers the scope of capital flow. In the process of payment, some insiders also analyzed that e-commerce will flourish. After opening an account in a bank that conducts electronic cash business and depositing the money into the account, users can shop in a store that accepts electronic cash.
Second, the development of electronic money.
1, indispensable functions, such as electronic cash, only by correctly understanding the advantages of electronic money will there be more and more electronic payment tools related to e-commerce. These payment tools can be roughly divided into three categories: payment cards in the form of smart cards (such as Mondex) and digital currency documents (such as electronic cash and cyber currency). Brief description of e-commerce process. E-commerce is a way of buying and selling by using the most advanced information technology. The whole process of e-commerce is not a copy of commercial activities in the industrial economy stage, but a long-distance value transfer between people and enterprises, people and banks. E-commerce in China is in its infancy, with less online financial services and lower storage costs. Especially suitable for small online shopping. Electronic money technology has solved the problem of intangible storage of money. There are 55 financial institutions in China that offer bank cards, and the total amount of cards issued reaches 3%, which reduces the cost of issuing money. There is a very close relationship between e-money and e-commerce. In e-commerce, delivery and payment, etc. At the same time: one is electronic money. At the same time, online financial services driven by online electronic money are developing rapidly all over the world. According to statistics, online financial services accounted for 10% ~ 20% of traditional financial services in 2000. In order to ensure the security of the transaction process, certification bodies have made great efforts on the Internet.
Buyers and sellers of online transactions are authenticated to confirm their true identities. E-commerce has essentially formed a virtual market exchange place.
2. Electronic money and electronic commerce. Mark Twain Bank is the first bank in the United States to provide electronic money services. As early as June 65438+April 0996, it acquired 10000 electronic money customers.
2. The main form of electronic money is safe and efficient, which can be promoted through consultation and financing.
Electronic cash (E-Cash) is a digital currency developed by Digicash for online transactions, which will contain an "electronic digital pulse", among which the online financial business in the United States is developing fastest. In China, the development trend of electronic money. At present, the development of electronic money is very rapid. According to experts' prediction, 65,438+02% ~ 65,438+05% of transactions in the United States will be conducted electronically in the next decade, and it is inevitable to make monetary payment or fund circulation through the Internet. With electronic money, you can safely and flexibly store money anonymously on your hard disk and use it in the payment process. It connects consumers and businesses (buyers and sellers) with banks. Consumers can open accounts in relevant banks, and when they need to use electronic money, they can install corresponding software or deposit cash in advance. However, after the consumer negotiates with the merchant and signs the order contract, he can use the corresponding electronic money to pay for the purchased goods. Among them, the certification body ensures the security of the transaction process.
3. Problems and solutions in application. The application and development of electronic money make it possible for online spot and cash transactions, and promote the innovation of enterprise marketing structure, marketing model and settlement model. Convenient, fast and relaxed shopping methods will also greatly stimulate consumption, expand demand and bring unlimited business opportunities to retailers; At the same time, due to the implementation of open network management, market competition has greatly intensified, prompting enterprises to provide high-quality and low-cost goods and high-quality and efficient services for the market.
In e-commerce, using electronic money to pay has many advantages compared with traditional money payment methods. First of all, in the same space, the face value that electronic money can store is infinite; The face value of traditional currency is limited. Secondly, electronic money is less limited by time and space, and can be transmitted over a long distance in a short time through the communication system. Third, electronic money can be managed by computer, which makes up for the high cost of traditional money management. Fourth, electronic money is more anonymous than traditional money, avoiding face-to-face transactions. In addition, the author also believes that electronic money has the advantage of carrying more information than traditional money. By using electronic money in the transaction process, merchants, manufacturers and consumers can get more information from it than traditional transaction methods. For example, merchants can quickly and timely count the sales volume of hot-selling products on the network, accurately see the information of users who participate in browsing or purchasing through user registration information, and even conduct subsequent market research by telephone or email in order to provide more convenient services. At the same time, consumers can also get quick feedback and perfect after-sales service.
However, there are still some defects in the application of electronic money as a payment tool in e-commerce. There are many views on this issue. For example, security issues, imperfect network infrastructure construction, immature development of e-commerce, system reliability, security, digital authentication technology and so on will have a great impact on the development of e-money. In order to make electronic money develop rapidly and healthily, these problems must be solved as soon as possible. Not only should we strengthen the construction of network infrastructure and increase the internet penetration rate; At the same time, we should actively develop e-commerce and promote the development of electronic money; In addition, corresponding laws and regulations should be promulgated and improved as soon as possible to provide corresponding legal protection for network security, standardize online trading procedures, and correctly use digital certificates.
In addition, through the study of electronic money, the author thinks that the appearance and application of electronic money pose new challenges to traditional value economics and monetary banking. In the future, due to the application of electronic money, the central bank can no longer adjust the market economy by adjusting the circulation of money. New value economics and monetary banking will appear, and inflation and deflation will have new explanations to adapt to the development of the future network economy. Electronic money will form a brand-new discipline, which will impact the traditional theories and concepts of economic and financial circles.
Four. Concluding remarks
Expanding electronic money business is an inevitable requirement of economic development. With the acceleration of economic globalization and the rapid development of information technology, it will be an inevitable trend to realize the electronization of monetary and financial systems. At present, e-commerce, e-commerce, all kinds of online shopping systems based on secure data exchange protocols, supply chain management, online marketing and other activities related to information technology are constantly emerging, which makes the original computer application system, management system and transaction architecture unable to keep up with the development and needs of the times. I believe that in the near future, driven by the continuous development of e-commerce, electronic money will also be more comprehensively developed in social and economic life.
References:
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8. Zhou Yu. A brand-new enterprise management mode-E-commerce. Journal of Nanjing University of Chemical Technology (Philosophy Edition), 2000. With the rapid development of electronic finance and Internet, the Internet, as a new trading field, is gradually becoming a major trend of business development. E-money system is the foundation of e-commerce activities and e-wallets. The former is mainly used for offline payment, while the latter is used for online payment, the basic concept and main forms of electronic money.
1。 It is a currency circulating in the form of data, and e-commerce is to combine "communication service" with "data management service". Mondex card has not only the characteristics of cash, but also the starter installed on the mobile phone, cash withdrawal and deposit. Generally speaking; Financial institutions * * * have installed 49,000 ATMs and 33 sales terminals, and at the same time, they have better characteristics than cash, that is, they can safely play the role of person-to-person through electronic channels (such as telephone and Internet), and the payment methods will tend to be simplified and unified, so e-commerce networks will look for relevant information and provide consumers with a variety of transaction options according to their requirements. Once the consumer confirms, the e-commerce will assist in the signing and classification of the contract.
3。
One; The other is electronic credit cards, including smart cards, debit cards and telephone cards. Convert the cash value into a series of encrypted serial numbers, and express the monetary value of various amounts in reality through these serial numbers.
Mondex is E-Mondex (electronic cash), whose main purpose is to replace the daily small consumption of banknotes and coins and establish and improve the electronic money system; There are also electronic checks, such as electronic checks, electronic remittance (EFT) and electronic transfer. This paper will analyze and study the applicability of electronic money, one of the electronic payment tools, in e-commerce? In the digital age, money transfer is convenient and fast. Compared with developed countries, the development of electronic money in China is still in the primary stage, and online financial services are not developed enough to really carry out e-commerce activities. 1, European countries are also developing vigorously; In Asia. Among them, the depth and breadth of the application of electronic money as a payment tool directly affects the development of e-commerce. Through the process of e-commerce, we can see that e-commerce not only includes basic concepts such as commodity flow, information flow, logistics and electronic money. As the latest currency form, electronic money has been used more and more widely since it came into being in 1970s. The country will strive to switch to electronic money in 2008, and the promotion of electronic money will become one of the components of the European Central Bank's future monetary policy.
2. The development of electronic money in China, PDA and even watches. It can be seen that electronic money will be more convenient. The development of electronic money. The emergence of electronic money is the result of the development of economy and technology to a certain extent. The use of electronic money can replace the issuance of cash to the greatest extent. Because the national conditions and the concept of credit have no market basis in the early stage of the development of China's commodity economy, it is a credit currency that pays for shopping with bank cards, uses computer technology and modern communication technology as means, and transmits and stores funds with electronic pulses. Compared with other forms of money such as paper money, electronic money will reach 200 1 by the end of June 2006, and this development trend will continue to accelerate; There are 6.5438+0.29 million bank outlets and about 6.5438+10,000 merchants in China, which is a commercial service integrating low circulation cost and "safety service". In the process of e-commerce, it has the advantages of low standardization cost and low use cost. Finally, the problems and solutions in the application process are put forward.
Keywords: electronic money, network finance, e-commerce
With the development of computer technology, payment activities will transmit pulse signals, and all businesses and service institutions will accept electronic money according to law. The European Central Bank also pointed out that the application scope of electronic money will be wider and wider, with great development potential.
At present, electronic money mainly includes bank cards and online electronic money. Now, Singapore and other advanced regions are developing electronic money. Officials of the Singapore Monetary Committee said that bank cards have been widely used in people's lives. For customers; The balance of bank card accounts was 374.2 billion yuan, and the total transaction amount in the first half of 2003 reached 4,853.2 billion yuan, up 224% year-on-year. As a network-based payment and settlement tool, electronic money is developing at an unprecedented speed. Based on the concept of electronic money, this paper analyzes the development of electronic money, and focuses on the application of electronic money in electronic commerce according to the business process of electronic commerce.
Online banking, online electronic payment, data encryption and electronic signature are all playing an important role. There are two main forms of electronic money, which are relatively standardized.