1. Open an account
First of all, prepare a bank card, and it is best to open online banking. If there is no online banking, the agricultural card can be paid by electronic payment card, which is also very safe. Other bank cards have not been used, so I don't know. Take the application for electronic payment of ABC card as an example (if you have already started online banking, skip this section):
First, apply for an agricultural card user, log on to the website of Agricultural Bank of www.95599.cn to apply for an electronic payment card, and follow the instructions of the website. Log on to the website of Agricultural Bank of China first, and then apply for an electronic payment card form. The information you need to fill in is: card number, password and graphic code. Log in to your bank card account page and apply for an electronic card in your account. The information you need to fill in is: bank card number, ID card, CVD number (that is, three independent numbers on the front of your bank card), and the latter two items are not required. Daily use limit (according to my personal hobby, if I buy a lot of funds a day and set a high point, I usually buy at most 3 funds a day, so the limit I set is 3) The total number of payments (it can be higher, such as 999). The limit of electronic cards can be set longer, 1 year or half a year. Exit after setting. At this point, you have applied for a number starting with 9559, which is an electronic transaction number. You don't have to remember this number. The banking system will record it for you and it will pop up automatically when you pay for the next transaction.
Then find the fund company you want to buy, find "online trading" on its website, and find "opening an account" after entering the page. Then follow the prompts (pay attention to fill in the real information). After the payment method is confirmed, it will automatically jump to the website of the bank you filled in. Generally, you will be prompted to use "customer certificate" or "electronic payment card" to pay. If you have online banking, choose "customer certificate" to pay, if not, you can choose an electronic payment card, so that the electronic card you just applied for will come in handy. Enter the payment password to confirm the success of payment. Generally, it will automatically jump to the website of the fund company. If you don't jump, you can click "Notify the customer that the payment is successful" and it will turn back.
Go back to the fund company's website and fill in the information and submit it. At this time, you will be prompted that your trading account will be opened at T+N, so you can check it. To tell the truth, the trading account is useless, just a voucher you use to log in to the system for trading. Since the fund company also provides the ID card login method, it is easier to remember than this, so you can ignore this.
2. The first transaction
After opening an account, you can log in to the transaction immediately. Find "online trading" on the website of the fund company-login method selection: account opening certificate, fill in my ID card (or other account opening certificate), and fill in the 8-digit transaction password left when opening an account.
After logging in, you will reach the personal transaction interface set up by the fund company for you. This is your world. Find transaction items, including purchase, subscription, redemption, conversion, etc. We just say subscribe, click subscribe, find the fund you want to buy, and then fill in the subscription amount directly. Payment is usually made in advance. Fill in and submit payment. When you pay, you will automatically jump to your own bank card. Just choose the appropriate payment method to pay, just like confirming the payment method. After the payment is completed, pay attention to keep the transaction serial number, which is the evidence for you to negotiate with the fund company in the event of an accident. Only a successful transaction is a valid transaction, and an application is made only if there is no payment or an accident in the payment process, which is regarded as a transaction failure. General emergencies include: expired online banking customer certificate, expired electronic payment card, network problems and transaction submission failure. In this case, there will be no transfer, so it doesn't matter. Buy again. The online banking customer certificate expires and needs to be handled at the bank. When the electronic payment card expires, log in to your bank card account first, cancel the original expired electronic card first, and then apply for a new card. Fund companies implement the principle of T+ 1 confirmation. Generally speaking, you can see your subscribed fund shares in your fund account on the second trading day, and the latest one, such as Huaxia Fund, can be seen on the third trading day. Usually it can be redeemed or converted on the third trading day.
3. Query the share.
As mentioned above, after successful subscription, you will generally find the fund share you subscribed for on the second trading day. The so-called trading day is the day when you apply. The working days of fund companies and exchanges are synchronized. Closed from Saturday to July, 9: 30am-3: 00pm on Saturday working day 1-5. Because online direct selling is a 7*24-hour all-weather transaction, the concept of "trading day", that is, "T", has come into being. Normal trading day, before 3 o'clock, the next day after 3 o'clock. From 3: 00 p.m. on Friday to 3: 00 p.m. on Monday, it is a trading day, one week 1.
First, you need to log in to your fund company account, and then you can see the fund share, daily unit net value, daily book assets and other information in it. Some companies can see it on the initial page of the account, while Huaxia Fund is more troublesome. You must look for "fund share inquiry" in its account inquiry to see it.
4. Calculate income
In fact, there is a fund company to do it for you every day, so there is no need to do it yourself. However, many newcomers like to see with their own eyes what their income is every day. In fact, this is a bad habit, which will make you suffer. Always thinking about losing money, but forgetting that funds need to be held for a long time.
The net value of the fund and its daily growth are announced in real time. You can go to the fund company's website to calculate the income. Newcomers like more cows, and old people like more cows. In fact, this is very simple. The absolute value growth of high-net-worth funds is easy. The key to high-net-worth funds is the growth rate.
The income in the fund account will generally be calculated after 9: 30 the next day and incorporated into your principal. What you see after this time is the latest amount of your income.
5. Redemption and conversion
You need to log in to your fund account before this operation can be completed. In the "transaction" column. It should be noted that the newly purchased funds can only be redeemed or converted after T+3 days (including the third day). (except subscription funds) Here's a trick. If you want to redeem the fund (especially the stock base), you can first convert it into a money fund and then redeem it. Generally, stock funds arrive at T+2-7, that is, your money will arrive at your pre-bound bank card on the 2nd-7th trading day of your redemption. The monetary fund of the same company is generally T+ 1-2. First, you need to wait two days before you can transfer the stock base to the goods base (for example, if you transfer it today, you can redeem it from the money fund the next trading day). It usually takes 3-4 days from stock base to redemption. Needless to say, the Monetary Fund can enjoy the benefits of the Monetary Fund within two days.
Generally, there is no charge for buying and selling money funds. When a stock fund is converted into a monetary fund, it is calculated at the redemption rate, and when the currency is converted into a stock base, it is calculated at the subscription rate. Some companies have other discounts.
Step 6 choose a fund
How to choose a potential fund, a fund that suits you, is a very difficult thing and requires great efforts. Many newcomers like to listen to other people's opinions, or see that the fund has risen rapidly in recent days, so they can choose that one, and they can make their own decisions when choosing a fund.
First of all, you need to understand what you need, that is, how much risk you can take. There are many types of funds, such as partial stock, allocation, index replication, bond, currency and so on. Money fund is a good cash management tool, which is suitable for putting some pocket money in it. Generally speaking, the income is higher than that of depositing in the bank (pocket money cannot be deposited regularly). The yield of a bond fund depends entirely on its ability to issue new shares, because there are no good bonds in the market now. Generally, the risk is not great, and the annual income is about 10%. Index funds have great potential. In mature markets such as the United States, it has become a fashion that many active funds can't beat such passive funds. However, index funds need to be optimistic about the market for a long time and don't buy in a bear market. The allocation fund has a considerable proportion of bond allocation, which is said to be relatively safe, but I haven't seen it yet. Partial stock funds are the most admired by everyone, but you will feel like riding a roller coaster at any time.
Corresponding to the above types of funds, you can choose the investment that suits you. What I want to say is how to choose a fund among the many "bases" of partial stock funds. My method is, first of all, to have a mid-term judgment on the market outlook, and to have my own views on the grasp of future market hotspots. Where do these ideas come from? I suggest you know more about the recent market organization reviews and read more. Although not all of them are accurate, the sectors that everyone is optimistic about are generally not wrong. For example, some time ago, many institutions predicted that the steel industry would rebound, and then steel stocks performed well. When you are optimistic about an industry, you basically determine the scope of your choice, and then look for funds that match your judgment. Many funds regularly publish investment strategy reports for the next stage. See if there are any sectors in their investment strategy that you are optimistic about. If it is a key investment, then buy it, that's right.
Judging from the market after 3000 points, the engines are stock index futures and a quarterly report, especially the quarterly report of blue chips, so I think big blue chips are a good opportunity. Before 3000, I opened an easy 50 index fund. My reason is that SSE 50 is the best place for domestic blue-chip stocks, which fully conforms to my judgment on the market outlook, so I bought it. The income is good these days. Other index funds such as Harvest 300 in the same period are also very good. Of course, the best one is a basic application 100ETF, but I don't have a securities account, so I can't buy it. Unfortunately.
7. Avoid risks reasonably
There are two risks I want to talk about here, system risk and market risk.
Systematic risk is formed in the process of trading, mainly when there are problems in communication between the two parties to the transaction. For example, online transactions, due to network speed problems, lead to the disconnection of the transaction process, or the fund company's web page is blocked when preparing for operation, and so on. First of all, we should find a trustworthy fund company, and it is best to stay away from those shady companies with irregular management. After all, the principal security is the most important thing. Some companies have problems such as using company funds to transfer benefits and colluding with private equity funds to lift sedan chairs. These companies had better not touch them, even if they have high fund returns. Secondly, try to complete the operation in advance, and the fund website is generally blocked after 2: 30 every day.
There is no market risk for long-term investors. This is very important for people who like to play bands. Especially newcomers, like to come and go frequently. When there are many bearish voices in the market and the market is still rising, 80% will be adjusted soon, but no one can say for sure about the depth. If you really want to avoid this risk, you should resolutely go out when there are already many short positions and the market is still rising. Don't be too greedy. The agency's prediction is not very accurate, after all, it is more accurate than ours.
If you simply avoid risks and don't redeem the stock base, you can convert it into a money fund, which is convenient for you to buy it next time, and it is also convenient for you to correct your mistakes (if you regret it after selling it, you can buy it on the third day at most) and save time.
8. Investment mentality
It takes a long time to cultivate. I just want to say one thing: funds are wealth management, not stocks. They need to hold for a long time and hold their breath. The loss is only temporary, and the loss probability of funds held for more than 10 years tends to zero. In fact, the same is true of stocks. What is a stock is the owner's certificate of the company invested by investors. If you buy a stock, you will become its shareholder. Just like doing business in partnership, you should give it time to start a business and make money. This process may lead to losses (such as a temporary decline in stocks), but as long as the company's business is normal and making money is certain, this process will take time. Funds make money by investing in stocks. Similarly, you should give the fund manager you choose enough time to finish what he wants to do. So I think you should be optimistic about a fund, unless its investment strategy deviates from the reason why you chose it, otherwise you can trust it to take care of it.
9. Investment principles
Borrow Liu Yanbin's "Five Ones". First, you should live within your means all your life; Second, don't let debt entangle your life; Third, never want to get rich overnight; Fourth, a wife and a son; Fifth, make a good investment in life.
Let me add: don't let yourself have no retreat, don't borrow money to buy funds, and leave enough money for emergencies. The money used for investment must be something you are not in a hurry to use now. Emergency money can only be put in the money fund. Don't do things you are not familiar with, such as futures.
10, portfolio
To put it bluntly, not all investments are funds, but also stocks, real estate, futures, gold, collections, insurance, bank deposits and so on. Insurance must be bought, but bank deposit is not (he can't even win inflation, can he say it's safe? ), collection is a group of fools, gold can't preserve its value, personal investment in futures is fatal, real estate needs long-term investment, and stocks (including funds) are the best investment. China's economy has been promising for a long time. China's companies have developed rapidly, catching the express train of China's economy, and even foreign basketball players know it.
A large portfolio should be part insurance (necessary), part fund, part blue chip and necessary cash reserve.
Small portfolio, cash reserves are placed in the money fund. Need to be equipped with index funds, bond funds are less risky, leaving some other stock selection basis. Semi-open fund, semi-closed fund. What is the safest thing now? Closed-end funds are the safest.
1 1, closed-end fund
Now the discount rate of closed-end funds is surprisingly high, which provides us with a lot of arbitrage space. After the index futures come out, closed-end funds can lock in part of the income in advance through futures investment, which can reduce some market risks contained in closed-end funds. The value regression process of closed-end funds is completely predictable, and I am optimistic. The arbitrage function of index futures will make the discount rate return to the normal level, and within 5%, it is not excluded that some excellent closed-end funds will have premium transactions. Long-term investment will make closed-end funds safer!