According to the investigation of Yantai literature and history experts, Zhunti Temple, the Wangtai Temple in Jiaonan hosted by Zhang Erfeng in the early Qing Dynasty, was originally a large religious complex. An inscription newly discovered by Wang Tai, entitled "Inscription on the rice monk Tian of Wang Tai Zhun Ti An", was written by the supervisor in the forty-fourth year of Kangxi. Yantai literature and history experts believe that Zhang Erfeng is Zhang (the second son of Zhang Ruoqi), the nephew of Zhang (the father of Zhuntian), and was a scholar in the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi.
According to the expert appraisal of the cultural relics department of Jiaonan City, the "Golden Hall" and "East Hall" hidden in the ordinary farmhouse courtyard of Wangtai East Village, Wangtai Town, Jiaonan City were also built by the legendary Zhang Erfeng. The expert appraisal dates back to the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. Ruoyun Zhang died at home in the 13th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1656), so it can't be Ruoyun Zhang, but Zhang Guiying.
The legend of Guanyin Pavilion in Lancun is also an extension of Zhang Erfeng in Cao Wen. Because, like the "Jintou Hall" in Wangtai Town, Huangdao District, Qingdao, the architectural style, legends and bodhisattvas enshrined in the temple are the same, which should have been expanded in the early years of Kangxi.
The author thinks that Zhang Erfeng's original title should be Ruoyun Zhang. Later, the second son Zhang came out to work for his father. His son inherited his father's nickname, and Zhang should expand Guanyin Pavilion in Lancun. The expansion time should be the early years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. Zhang Erfeng went to Beijing to catch the exam.
According to Gao Sizu and other old people's memories, during the Wanli period, Cao Wen and Zhang Erfeng took very young people to Beijing to catch the exam, and it rained heavily in Sanguanmiao Village. They hurried to the downstairs of the gate of Ji Wuchang to take shelter from the rain. Zhang Erfeng was moved by the scene and blurted out a sentence "The wind is surging and the waves are big", and the very young man replied "The rain is hitting the waves". Hearing this, Ji Wuchang felt that the people sheltering from the rain outside were a little literary talent, so he asked his adopted son to look at people at the door. Shan Chao came back and said, "It's a ride, followed by an excellent boy." Ji Wuchang told Shan Chao: "It's getting dark and it's raining heavily. Ask them to come in and take refuge. " After ChanChao called Zhang Erfeng's servant into the room, Ji Wuchang told Chao Egg to prepare meals for the guests. Zhang Erfeng is very grateful for his host's enthusiasm. After dinner, Ji Wuchang asked Zhang Erfeng, "Where are you from and where are you going?" Zhang Erfeng said: "We are from Cao Wen and want to go to Beijing to take the exam." Uncle Ji asked again, "Can you prepare an answer sheet when you go to catch the exam?" I'm ready. Zhang Erfeng said. "Can you show your answer sheet to the elderly?" "yes". Zhang Erfeng found the answer sheet and handed it to Ji Wuchang. Ji Wuchang thought for a moment and said, "Do you want to listen to the old man?" "Yes" Zhang Erfeng quickly answered. So Ji Wuchang pointed out the places where the answer sheet should be changed one by one. Later, Zhang Erfeng entered the examination room and was admitted to Jinshi according to the instructions of Ji Wuchang. Later, Zhang Erfeng worshipped Ji Wuchang as a teacher and often went to the door for advice.
(Excerpted from Baijia surname in Jiaozhou)
The Legend of Cao Wen and Zhang Erfeng
Zhang Erfeng, a native of Jiaozhou, is a mysterious figure. Judging from the relics of Jiaozhou, Zhang Erfeng is indeed a real person. According to the author's research, Zhang Erfeng was Ruoyun Zhang, a great bureaucrat in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Some people think that Zhang Erfeng is someone else.
There are always different opinions about the origin of the names of Zhang Ergui or Zhang Erfeng. According to Gong Tianyu, Zhang Erfeng is an officer guarding the imperial tomb in Beijing. On a cold night, he was drunk and slept on the ground, and the patrol could not wake him up. The next morning, his boss asked him why he was so drunk. He didn't know it was still cold in such a cold day. Zhang Erfeng replied: "I am wearing a Long Dan, so I am not afraid of the cold." From then on, people laughed at him for being stupid and a "madman" because he was the second child of his brothers, and his hometown people called him "Zhang Er madman". Some people think that the two sons in the late Ming Dynasty, Cao Wen, a native of Jiaozhou, were called "Erfeng" when they passed the examination, and Ruoyun Zhang ranked second, called Zhang Erfeng. The author believes that the second statement is credible. There are many legends about Zhang Erfeng, some of which are absurd. Here are just a few examples.
After Zhang Erfeng retired in his later years and returned to his hometown, he rode a donkey to visit Laoshan when he had nothing to do. It was dark when he was halfway there. There are no hotels in the village. When he saw the lights in the village school library on and the old gentleman was correcting the students' homework, he asked to stay for the night. Unexpectedly, this teacher, who teaches eight students, saw that Zhang Erfeng was crazy and said nothing. When Zhang Erfeng was worried, an old man in his 70 s came face to face and asked him with concern: "Where have all the guests gone? Is there no place to rest?" Zhang Erfeng went home with the old man. The old man told his family to drink and cook, and the two chatted while drinking. The next day, breakfast was more abundant than the day before. Zhang Erfeng observed that although the elderly were not very rich, men, women and children were very kind, but none of the teenagers studied, so he asked why they didn't send their children to school. The old man explained why there are so many poor children at home. Zhang Erfeng thought for a moment and said, "I have been teaching for several years, but now I am old and have nothing to do. How about living in your home and tutoring some children? " The old man was overjoyed and thanked again and again. The old man has five sons, and he recruited two from his brother's house. A * * * gathered seven students to make room for an East Room. Zhang Erfeng teaches seriously, and the students all know that this opportunity is hard to come by and are eager to learn. In a blink of an eye, three years later, Laizhou government opened a course to take students, and Zhang Erfeng and his teacher took their students to sign up for the exam. Before the exam, Zhang Erfeng went to see the magistrate of Laizhou, demanding that all the students he taught be admitted to the scholar, and all the eight students taught by the teacher were erased. Although the magistrate was reluctant, he knew that Zhang Erfeng was an old minister and could not afford to offend him, so he promised to give him seven steel-toed scholars. After the list was published, the seven students taught by Zhang Erfeng were indeed on the list, but none of the students taught by the teacher who didn't stay overnight passed the exam. Knowing the inside story, the teacher was so angry that he swallowed the copper buckle on his chest and died. Zhang Erfeng rode a donkey back to Jiaozhou.
There is a folk saying in Jiaozhou that "hail doesn't hit Zhang". Legend has it that once, Zhang Erfeng and Zhang Tianshi attended the emperor's banquet together, and it was very inconvenient to see Hail carrying a plate with a cage mouth. So he asked Zhang Tianshi to take down the cage of the Hail King. Lord Haier thanked him: "When it hails in the future, you will never hit Cao Wen again and cause trouble." Cao Wen is Zhang Erfeng's hometown, and Naozi is his tenant village. Lord Haier also said, "Zhang Erfeng retired in his later years and gave him an umbrella." Later, Zhang Erfeng's way home from Beijing was in the hot summer, but wherever he went, there was a cloud in the sky to keep out the sun for him.
(Excerpted from Baijia surname in Jiaozhou)
Legend of "Zhang Er Madness" in Wangtai, Jiaonan
According to the report of Qingdao Evening News on Sunday 10 and 14, 2007, there are three adjacent administrative villages in the north of Wangtai Town, Jiaonan City, east of National Highway 204 south of Yanghe. In the Ming Dynasty, the three villages were not connected with each other, but there were several stories of historical celebrities and places of interest in the eastern and central parts of western languages, which enriched their human history. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, two brothers, Ruoyun Zhang and Ruoyun Zhang from Cao Wen, won the Jinshi. In order to praise the merits of the Zhang family, they built a garden covering an area of 2 1.6 mu in the west of the village, placed stone statues and horses in a large pine forest, and built archways, tunnels, ponds and pavilions, which became a unique garden landscape in the south of ancient Jiaozhou at that time.
Later, Ruoyun Zhang's son Zhang Yonggui became an academician at the age of 16. Legend has it that one winter in the emperor shunzhi, the emperor passed by and visited the garden. He saw a teenager sleeping on the roadside. The emperor dressed Zhang Yonggui in a yellow robe for fear of catching cold. Zhang woke up and quickly confessed to the emperor. The emperor smiled and asked him who was at home. Zhang said that he was the second child, and the emperor said, "What an idiot." From then on, "Zhang" got its name.
Don't want to the emperor shunzhi this Chen Yan suddenly raised the prestige of the changs, changs prestige in this area. There is a pond in the southeast of the garden. In midsummer, frogs and toads are noisy and annoying. Zhang Yonggui casually shouted "Go up there"! From then on, the frogs and toads in this pond stopped barking.
(Excerpted from Sunday, June 65438, Qingdao Evening News+10/October 65438+April 04, 2007 18 edition) Yi and Zhang Ruoqi are brothers, called He Erfeng. They are all scholars of the Ming Dynasty and officials of the same dynasty, but although they are female compatriots, their personalities and integrity are different. After the demise of the Ming Dynasty, Ruoyun Zhang first surrendered to Li Zicheng, then joined the Qing Dynasty and became the general political envoy of the Qing Dynasty; Zhang Ruo, my elder brother, vowed not to be a second minister or a high official, retired to his hometown, built an altar in Jiaocheng South, and became a monk. In addition to the Buddha statue, there is also a statue of Emperor Chongzhen in buddhist nun. Zhang Ruo burns incense three times a day without interruption.
One year, Ruoyun Zhang, who was in charge of Tianfu at that time, went back to his hometown to visit his mother and sent someone to invite his younger brother Zhang Ruo home for reunion. Zhang Ruo wrote a couplet and asked someone to take it to his brother. Ruoyun Zhang read the couplets, which read "two-hearted courtiers hate, brothers and compatriots are ashamed", and could not help but become angry from embarrassment. After returning to Beijing, he reported to the court that Zhang Ruo had the ambition to fight against the Qing Dynasty and regain the light. The evidence is that he still worships the statue of Emperor Chongzhen every day. The Qing court was frightened and immediately ordered Zhang Ruo to be arrested in Jiaozhou. This news was known by a friend, who had always admired his integrity, and soon wrote a secret letter and sent his confidant family to JIAOZHOU to see Ma Chi. Zhang Ruo read a letter from a friend. On the same day, he invited several clay sculpture masters from Jiaocheng with high salary. One night, he made two sculptures around the statue of Emperor Chongzhen, one was Zhou Cang and the other was Guan Ping. The next day, before the glaze (you4) of Zhou Cang and Guan Ping was completely dried, the statue of Emperor Chongzhen had a chance to change its face. It was still a yellow face and a short beard. The magistrate of Jiaozhou surrounded the temple with an imperial envoy and made Zhang Ruo plead guilty. Zhang Ruo asked the imperial envoy, "What crime did the poor monk commit?" The imperial envoy replied, "Someone accused you of rebellion and built the Chongzhen Temple to worship the statue of Chongzhen." Zhang Ruo said, "I built a Buddhist temple. I respect Buddha and Guan Gong. He is loyal and upright and sets an example for me. Do you think there is a statue of Chongzhen in my temple? " "Who is this idol with short beard, yellow face and Ming Dynasty clothes?" An imperial envoy asked. "This is the statue of Guan Ye." Yi replied. The imperial envoy asked again, "Guan Ye has a red face and a big beard, but this looks like a yellow face and a short beard. How do you explain it? " Yi argued: "Emperor Chongzhen was the emperor in the late Ming Dynasty. How did Guan Ping of the Three Kingdoms Zhou Cang protect the Ming Emperor? Guan Gong's statue is not like a statue. You can only blame the clay sculptor for his shallow knowledge. " An emperor thought what Zhang Ruoyi said was reasonable, and he went to the temple again. He didn't find anything suspicious, and Zhang Ruoqi's family had a bad reputation in North Korea, so he gave up.
Peter said that after an imperial envoy returned to North Korea, he reported to the court that Zhang Ruomou was an unjust case, and the Qing court never pursued it again. 1947 Before the temple was smashed, the statues of Zhou Cang and Guan Ping were on both sides of the statue of Emperor Chongzhen. For this matter, the Zhang brothers became enemies and broke up from then on. After Zhang Ruo's death, he would rather adopt the son of a distant brother than the son of Zhang Ruoqi's family. (According to interviews with senior people such as Gao Sizu)
(Excerpted from "Hundreds of Family Names in Jiaozhou") On March 29th, the 17th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1644), Dashun Army occupied Beijing. Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in Jingshan Park (Jingshan), and the Ming Dynasty perished. Li Zicheng ordered the prison to be opened and all prisoners released. After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, he sent his troops of 200,000 and ordered personal expedition. With the help of the Qing army, Wu Sangui defeated Li Zicheng. Li Zicheng rate beaten army fled to Yongping. After reorganizing the army, it was found that nearly 654.38 million soldiers were lost, and the hearts of the soldiers were uncertain. Li Zicheng consulted with Niu Jinxing and Song Xiance. Both Niu and Song believed that Wu Sangui was the Qing army's aid to Korea, with a sharp front and a new defeat for Dashun Army. At that time, it was not suitable for a decisive battle with Wu Sangui. We should make peace with it and buy time. Li Zicheng weighed it repeatedly and thought that only peace was the best policy. At that time, Wu Sangui led the army to catch up with Yongping City and surrounded it.
Who should be sent to make peace with Wu Sangui? Public opinion thinks it's best to send Ruoyun Zhang. Because Ruoyun Zhang was an old minister of the Ming Dynasty, he served as an army supervisor twice, and had an old friendship with Wu Sangui. Wu Sangui addressed Ruoyun Zhang as a teacher. At the same time, Ruoyun Zhang is smart and eloquent, and is using his own strengths to negotiate. Therefore, Li Zicheng appointed Zhang Ruoqi's family as the minister of Dashun Bingfu, and asked him to go to Wu Sangui Camp in Erli outside the city immediately. At this time, it was already midnight, and the light in Zhong Jun's tent was still on. Wu Sangui was considering how to attack the city. The soldiers entered the report: "Report to the governor, Li Zicheng sent messengers to see you!" " Wu Sangui gave a good meal: "Let him in!" Zhang Re looked into the account of terms, and saw that Wu Sangui's account was very simple, and his heart was very emotional. He handed it up and said, "Zhang Ruoqi, minister of Dashun military government, was ordered to make peace with the general." "Peace? How to discuss? " Wu Sangui sneer at a way. "According to the current situation, Dashun Army has been defeated, but its main force is still there. Dashun Army wanted to withdraw from Beijing, and the general took the opportunity to regain his sight, so the two armies stopped fighting to prevent foreigners outside the Qing Dynasty from benefiting from it. What does the general think? " Wu Sangui thinks what Ruoyun Zhang said makes sense. In addition, Zhang is his boss and used to be a teacher. He said, "Please wait a moment and let me discuss it with the public."
Wu Sangui makes people talk collectively. Some people advocate war, thinking that Li Zicheng's new defeat and low morale are just the opportunity to pursue the enemy. Some people advocate making peace and think that war consumes a lot of troops and needs rest. Wu Sangui weighed the pros and cons and thought that the Qing army was on the side, so as to avoid Dourgen plotting against him, it was best to save strength and make peace.
Wu Sangui has made up his mind to let Zhang let the emissary enter the customs again, and put forward the terms of "returning the prince and leaving Beijing for mutual non-aggression". Zhang Ruoqi reported the negotiation to Li Zicheng. The next day, Li Zicheng and Wu Sangui met in the middle of the two armies outside the city. Niu Jinxing read out the Covenant: "After taking the oath, the defenders will have their own territories and will not invade each other. Dashun Dynasty has captured Beijing and returned Daming Shishou on May 1 day; Shi Jing's wealth belongs to Dashun dynasty; The people are obedient; If the Qing soldiers invade and plunder, they will attack together, and people will be close to each other. On April 24, Shen Jia. " Then, Li Zicheng and Wu Sangui signed and sealed successively. Two people holding hands to drink, * * * heaven and earth. However, before Li Zicheng withdrew from Beijing, Wu Sangui tore up the covenant under the inducement of the Qing army, led the Qing army into the customs, and became the deep charge of the Qing army southward.
(Excerpted from JIAOZHOU Hundred Family Names) Zhang Ruozi Yi Gong Yi,No. Su Song, was born in Cao Wen, Nanxiang, jiaozhou city (now Caowen Village, Wangtai Town, Huangdao District, Qingdao), the eldest son of Zhang Xi, an old man in the Ming Dynasty. In the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634), he was a scholar and awarded the magistrate of Hejian, Zhili, North China. After he came to power, he stole the people and took charge of the territory. In order to assess the best results, he was promoted to the director of Nanjing Household Department, and was promoted to the inspector general of Huaixu Road Inspection Department (money) to supervise flood control and achieved remarkable results. In the Ming Dynasty, he abandoned his official position and refused to be an official. He built a Tan 'an (zhan 1) in the southwest of Jiaocheng and became a monk, which is why he is now playing Tai 'an Village. At the age of 74, his wife Han was a childless woman, and her son Zhang Yingjian was adopted as the heir. After his death, he was buried in Shuangling North, south of the city. Kang Sheng, former vice chairman of the Central Committee, is the tenth grandson of Zhang Yingjian.
Ruoyun Zhang (? -1656), alias, Chang Yuchun, the younger brother of statesman Yi in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. In the fourth year of Chongzhen (163 1), a scholar was appointed as the magistrate of Fanxian County in Zhili for the first time. He is an honest and upright official with outstanding achievements and was awarded this matter. As it happens, there was a fierce factional struggle between officials in the north and the south. Less James Huang Daozhou impeached Yang Sichang, and Yang Sichang impeached Huang Daozhou with Zhang Ruoqi. He was transferred from the minister of punishment to the minister of war, and then promoted to the minister of war, becoming a real power figure in the military department of the Ming Dynasty. In the fourteenth year of Chongzhen (164 1), the Qing army concentrated on besieging Jinzhou, and Emperor Chongzhen appointed Hong Chengchou as the governor and commander-in-chief of military affairs in Hebei and Liaoning as the front-line overseer of Jinzhou. Zhang Ruoqi's family urged Hong Chengchou to invade according to the meaning of Chen Xinjia, the minister of the Ministry of War. As a result, the Ming army lost more than half in Songshan World War I. Emperor Chongzhen discussed Ruoyun Zhang's death penalty. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), on March 29th, Dashun army occupied Beijing, opened the prison and released all the prisoners. Zhang Ruoqi thanked Li Zicheng for saving his life and surrendered to Li Zicheng. Because if Qijia was a senior official of the Ming Dynasty, he was a supervisor of the Ming Dynasty, was appointed as a military official, and sent him as a special envoy to surrender Wu Sangui stationed in Shanhaiguan. Later, because Chen Yuanyuan was occupied by Li Zicheng, Wu Sangui destroyed the alliance, surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, led the Qing soldiers into the customs and attacked Beijing. In the first year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1644), Prince Dourgen of Switzerland seized the capital, and Zhang Ruoqi opened the door to welcome the surrender. Dourgen thought that Ruoyun Zhang was an official of the Ming Dynasty and surrendered to Li Zicheng, unwilling to accept his surrender. However, in order to win over Ming officials, Wu Sangui interceded for them, and was finally appointed as Shun Tianfu Cheng, who was temporarily in charge of government affairs (equivalent to acting as the head of Beijing). In September of the first year of Shunzhi (1644), if Ding You was asked to be his father, the emperor ordered him to be removed from his post and stay in Beijing. In April of the following year (1645), he asked for leave to bury his father, and the emperor granted leave. In September of the fifth year (1648), Shuntian Fucheng replenished the goods. In the seventh year of Shunzhi (1650), he was promoted to Shao Qing in Dali Temple. Soon after, he was promoted to Taichang Temple to take charge of Taipu Temple. In April of the ninth year of Shunzhi, he was promoted to general political envoy and became a member of the Qing court. In August, my mother was seriously ill and asked for leave to go home. In March of ten years (1653), my mother was ill again and asked for leave to be treated at home. Thirteen years (1656) died at home. Zhang Ruolin is knowledgeable, especially good at studying classics and history. Because of three generations' experience, later generations thought he was unfaithful, and the history books were either not handed down or listed as traitors. He is the author of The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, The Collection of Stopping Foot Xuan, etc. The Biography of the History of Qing Dynasty has been handed down to this day. He is the most famous figure in the Zhang family. His wife Han has two children: Zhang Yingjia and Zhang.
Zhang Yingjia's surname is Jing 'an, and Ding Hai of Shunzhi is a tribute. His wife has only four sons:,, Zhang Youyi and Zhang (adopted son). Zhang is a second generation supporter.
Zhang, whose real name is an honest official, is a descendant of Zhang and the son of Zhang Ruoqi. He has been extremely clever and studious since he was a child. He was admitted to Shunzhi for nine years and was awarded editor by the Hanlin Academy. At that time, in the early Qing Dynasty, Zhang moved to the seaside for a long time with the descendants of Zuo, a loyal minister of the Ming Dynasty, thinking that this was not conducive to the education of loyalty and filial piety, and asked the court for Amnesty to give the descendants of loyal ministers a peaceful environment. The emperor shunzhi adopted Zhang's suggestion and pardoned Zuo's descendants to return to their original place of residence. Move the picture to the left. Later, Zhang sent a message to Sichuan, saying that he wanted to move Guanglu Temple back to his hometown. In his later years, he was famous for his generosity in his hometown. He is good at writing poems, and his works include Shu Shu and Tuoba Hanging Grass. There is a biography of Laizhou government records. He died at the age of 86, and his wife Shi Kuang was appointed as Anren. He has three children: Zhang, Zhang and Zhang.
Zhang Qia Zhonghe, the grandson of Zhang Ruoqi, was an official of the Qing Dynasty. In the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi (1696), he was first awarded Yongning county order, "to persuade farmers to plant mulberry, build schools and cultivate big banks". High-performance supervision of the imperial censor in Shanxi Province, dare to be angry and dare not speak when things happen, and avoid the heavy and light, which is directly earth-shattering. At that time, the society was initially established, and the boss could not pursue it as the imperial edict said. It is recommended to restrict access for a long time without disturbing the people. It is inconvenient for merchants to be detained by customs duties. It is suggested that it is strictly forbidden to ask for, cover the prison and print to prevent heavy taxes. The court adopted these suggestions. Gong Shi is the author of Sword and Li Yintang Draft.
(Excerpted from Jiaohai Zhang's Genealogy and Jiaozhou Hundred Family Names)