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Futures, whose English name is futures, is completely different from spot. Spot is actually a tradable commodity. Futures are mainly not commodities, but standardized tradable contracts based on some popular products such as cotton, soybeans and oil and financial assets such as stocks and bonds.
The subject matter can be commodities (such as gold, crude oil and agricultural products) or financial instruments. The delivery date of futures can be one week later, one month later, three months later or even one year later. A contract or agreement to buy or sell futures is called a futures contract. The place where futures are bought and sold is called the futures market. Investors can invest or speculate in futures.
Financial innovation and reform of futures market and industry go hand in hand in many aspects, such as regulatory system reform, product expansion, business innovation and so on. In the aspect of regulatory system reform, it is mainly to promote the reform of handling fees, hedging, arbitrage, margin and position limit in the futures market to improve market efficiency.
In terms of product innovation, close to the needs of agriculture, countryside and farmers, develop more securities and futures products for agriculture and farmers, and develop financial products such as treasury bonds futures and stock options; In terms of business innovation, the CSRC supports the business innovation of futures companies, promotes the pilot of overseas brokerage business and customer asset management, promotes the pilot of specialized futures investment funds, and supports qualified futures companies to issue shares.
With the deepening of the reform of futures market and futures industry, the futures industry will enter the best period of development opportunities in history. In the short term, with the expansion of the market and the improvement of market efficiency, the futures industry is expected to usher in a turning point in performance; In the long run, with the comprehensive development of business innovation, the futures industry will continue to open.
The commodity variety, trading unit, contract month, margin, quantity, quality, grade, delivery time and delivery place of futures contracts are all established and standardized, and the only variable is price. The standards of futures contracts are usually designed by futures exchanges approved by the state regulatory authorities to be listed. At the same time, the performance of futures contracts is guaranteed by the exchange, and private transactions are not allowed.