1. Kinetic energy: The energy an object has due to its motion is called the kinetic energy of the object. Its size is defined as one-half the product of the object's mass times its velocity squared. Therefore, for objects with the same mass, the greater their moving speed, the greater their kinetic energy; for objects moving at the same speed, the greater their mass, the greater their kinetic energy.

2. Potential energy: Potential energy is energy stored in a system, which can also be released or converted into other forms of energy. Potential energy is a state quantity, also known as potential energy. Potential energy is not owned by individual objects, but by interacting objects.

Potential energy can be divided into gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, electric potential energy and nuclear potential energy according to different properties of action. Potential energy in mechanics includes gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy.

Extended information:

(1) Kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy can be converted into each other.

(2) Kinetic energy and elastic potential energy can be converted into each other.

(3) Gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy can be converted into each other.

Characteristics of kinetic energy

(1) Kinetic energy is a scalar quantity with no direction, only magnitude. and cannot be less than zero. Consistent with work, they can be added and subtracted directly.

(2) Kinetic energy is a relative quantity, and v in the formula is related to the selection of the reference system. In different reference systems, v is different, and the kinetic energy of the object is also different.

(3) The energy stored in the motion of particles. But there are significant errors when the speed is close to the speed of light. The special theory of relativity regards kinetic energy as the mass energy increased when the particle moves. The modified kinetic energy formula is applicable to any particle slower than the speed of light. (See "rest mass", "rest mass energy").

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