Among the pathogenic factors of diabetes, diet-related people account for more than half, which shows how close the relationship between diet and diabetes is! If we can develop good eating habits and pay attention to food intake on weekdays, we can effectively prevent diabetes. If you are unfortunately suffering from diabetes, reasonable diet control is still the most fundamental treatment. 1. The principles of dietotherapy for diabetes are as follows: 1. Limit foods high in sugar and fat and reduce salt intake. 2. Choose high-quality protein food, the best plant food is bean products, and the best animal food is fish candy and lean meat. 3. Eat more high-fiber foods, such as brown rice, oats and other cereals, cauliflower, lettuce, peas and other vegetables, apples, pears, oranges and other fruits. It can not only supplement a lot of vitamins, but also reduce blood lipid, delay the absorption of glucose and help stabilize blood sugar. 4. Eat more foods containing magnesium, such as laver, sesame, shiitake mushrooms, mushrooms, dried shrimps, various beans and bean products. 5. Eat more foods with hypoglycemic effect, such as bitter gourd, celery, spinach, carrot, tender pumpkin, grapefruit, garlic, guava and so on. In addition, regular diet, quitting smoking and drinking, and moderate exercise can control diabetes like healthy people. Second, the key points of family nutrition regulation of diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of glucose metabolism, which is closely related to diet. It is very important to control your diet patiently and carefully. 1. When measuring urine sugar and blood sugar, you can soak the urine sugar test paper for about 1 sec, then take it out, observe the color of the test paper within 1 min, and compare it with the standard colorimetric chart. It is generally required that the urine sugar color plate be maintained between blue and green. Urine sugar test paper is convenient to use at home, but pay attention to the expiration date. Buy a blood glucose meter, preferably a Roche brand. 2. Reasonable supply of calories is very important for treating diabetes and controlling appropriate obesity. Let's look at the standard weight: male height (cm)- 100 = standard weight (kg), female height (cm)- 105 = the difference between standard weight (kg) and standard weight is 10%, which are all ideal weight ranges. If the actual weight exceeds 20% of the standard weight, it is obesity, and you need to eat less calories to gradually lose weight. People close to or reaching the standard weight can provide heat according to the following requirements: rest: 104.67- 125.60 kj/kg (weight)/day; Light manual workers: 125.60- 146.54 kj/kg (weight)/day; Moderate manual workers:. Daily physical exertion: 167.26 KJ/kg (body weight)/3rd day. Appropriate supply of protein, fat and carbohydrate (1) protein. 0.8- 1.2 g/kg (body weight)/day, thin person 1.5-2 g/kg (body weight)/day. 1g protein can supply 16.75kJ heat. (2) fat. 0.6- 1 g/kg (body weight)/day, obese people lose fat. 1 g fat can supply 37.68 kilojoules of heat. In addition to the fat contained in the food itself, the insufficient part can be supplemented by the fat in vegetable oil or hard fruit. Animals with high cholesterol or internal organs should be used less. You are limited to two eggs a day. (3) carbohydrates. Sugar and sweets are forbidden. If you want to eat sweets, use xylitol, saccharin, sorbitol and stevia. The staple food advocates the use of some coarse grains, and it is best to often choose naked oats noodles, buckwheat noodles, two-in-one or three-in-one noodles with low glycemic index. 1 g carbohydrates provide 16.73 kilojoules of heat. All kinds of food must be rationed. In addition to the prescribed diet, foods containing more carbohydrates, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, taro, vermicelli, sugar, candy, jam, honey or various sweets, should not be added. If you are hungry, you can supply sugar below 3 in moderation. Cauliflower and so on. Diabetic patients should eat more fiber-rich foods, fruits, vegetables and fiber-rich grains in their diet, which will help diabetic patients control their blood sugar levels. It is a well-known fact that a diet rich in fiber is beneficial to control sterols, but whether a diet rich in fiber is also beneficial to control blood sugar is still a controversial question. The current guideline of the American Diabetes Association is that you should eat 20 to 35 grams of fiber every day. Some researchers ask whether increasing fiber intake can further control blood sugar. So the experiment was carried out. 12 men and 1 women have diabetes. They tried two diets, each lasting six weeks. The first diet contains 24 grams of fiber every day, and the second diet contains 50 grams of fiber every day. As a result, a diet that eats 50 grams of fiber every day leads to a significant drop in blood sugar. On average, a high-fiber diet can reduce blood sugar levels by 8.9%.