This plant has a long history of cultivation in China and is widely distributed in many provinces of China. The main producing areas include Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hebei, Yunnan, Shanxi, Henan, Hunan, Guizhou and other provinces, among which Sichuan Zanthoxylum bungeanum is famous for its excellent quality. Zanthoxylum bungeanum is not only a traditional spice in China, but also has rich applications in medicine. Its peel can be used as seasoning, aromatic oil can be extracted, and seeds can also be eaten or used to make soap.

Zanthoxylum bungeanum planted in China has strong adaptability, drought tolerance and sunshine, and is cultivated in many places. Female flowers rarely develop stamens, with 3 or 2 carpels and 4 intervals, and the style is obliquely bent backward. The fruit is purplish red, the diameter of a single mericarpus is 4-5 mm, there are scattered slightly raised oil spots, and the top has a short awn tip or no awn; The seeds are 3.5-4.5 mm long. The flowering period is April-May, and the fruiting period is August-September or 65438+1October.

morphological character

Small deciduous trees; 3-7 meters high, the thorns on the stem often fall early, and there are short thorns on the branches. The thorns on the branchlets are in the shape of the Yangtze River Delta, wide, flat and straight, and the branches of the current year are pubescent. The leaves have 5- 13 leaflets, and the leaf axis often has very narrow leaflets; Leaflets opposite, sessile, ovate, elliptic, sparsely lanceolate. The top of the leaf shaft is relatively large, and sometimes it is round near the base, with a length of 2-7 cm and a width of 1-3.5 cm. There are fine-cleft teeth on the leaf edge and oil spots on the teeth.

The rest have no visible or scattered oil spots. There are tufts on both sides of the midvein at the base of the back of the leaves or pilose on both sides of the leaflets. The midvein on the leaf surface is slightly concave, and the back of the leaf often has reddish-brown markings after drying. Inflorescence terminal or born at the top of lateral branches, inflorescence axis and pedicel densely pubescent or glabrous; 6-8 perianth segments, yellow-green, roughly the same shape and size.

The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Zanthoxylum bungeanum.