The National Natural Science Foundation of China established the Expert Advisory Committee of the Ministry of Science, aiming at perfecting the expert consultation system of the management of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and ensuring the scientific decision-making of the Ministry of Science. The Expert Advisory Committee of the Ministry of Science is responsible for providing advice and guidance on the decision-making and management of strategic funding of the Ministry of Science, such as priority areas and funding patterns, major research plans and major projects, and discipline development strategies. The director of the Expert Advisory Committee of the Ministry of Science is concurrently the director of the Ministry of Science. The term of office of members is one year, mainly composed of strategic scientists in related fields. Since 2002, the Ministry of Science has set up three expert advisory committees, and the third member is composed of 137 experts.