1, Antarctica has high latitude, small solar altitude angle, long atmospheric path through which solar radiation passes, more solar radiation weakened by the atmosphere, and less solar radiation reaching the ground. At the same time, because the solar altitude angle is small, the same amount of solar radiation spreads over a large area, and the solar radiation per unit area on the ground is less. The temperature is even lower.

There are polar nights all over the Antarctic circle, and the polar nights in Antarctica last for half a year. During this period, there is no solar radiation income, only heat is lost, so the Antarctic winter is colder.

Antarctica is land and the North Pole is the Arctic Ocean. Because the specific heat of the land is small, the temperature rises quickly and the temperature drops quickly, the Antarctic in winter is colder than the Arctic in winter. This is the key factor that the Antarctic is colder than the Arctic.

Antarctica is a plateau continent with high altitude and low temperature. This is also an important factor that the South Pole is colder than the North Pole.

Antarctica is covered with snow and ice, which strongly reflects solar radiation and loses more heat. The temperature is even lower.

6. The center of the Antarctic is the polar high pressure area, and the air flows around from the center, preventing warm air at low latitudes from entering the Antarctic continent, and the temperature is low.

7. There is Antarctic circulation around the South Pole, which belongs to cold current and has the function of cooling and dehumidification.