Introduction: The era when small and medium-sized enterprises rely on relationships, opportunities, natural resources and extensive management to make money will never return. Facing the market dilemma, enterprises must first evaluate the competitive environment and their existing problems.

? I. management risk

due to the limitation of its strength and reputation, it is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to attract professional management talents with good vocational education and rich experience. The management mode of small and medium-sized enterprises is rigid, and the high unity of ownership and management rights will inevitably bring negative effects to the financial management of enterprises. Due to the lax financial management of small and medium-sized enterprises, there are problems such as idle or insufficient funds, slow turnover of accounts receivable, difficult recovery of funds and weak inventory control. For small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises, there are some loopholes in the confidentiality procedure of patented technology, so there is a risk of technology loss. ? Second, credit risk

At present, the lack of credit in small and medium-sized enterprises is a common phenomenon, which affects the image of small and medium-sized enterprises to some extent. In addition, the information of SMEs is basically internalized and opaque, and it is difficult for banks, financial institutions and other investors to obtain it through general channels. Therefore, this increases the loan and investment costs of banks or investors, and also brings difficulties to the financing of SMEs. Third, the risk of private lending < P > The most important issue in private lending financing is the legitimacy of financing. Private financing becomes pure fraud once it goes beyond the legal provisions. The property right protection of private investment has not been well implemented, and private investment lacks a sense of security. These are financing risks that cannot be ignored.

In the face of possible financing risks, enterprises should neither ignore nor be afraid to do something because of the risks. A positive attitude should be to take effective measures to avoid financing risks or minimize risks and reduce losses.

(1) Standardize investment behavior and rationally analyze investment environment

With the increasingly complex investment environment of Chinese enterprises, the difficulty and risks of investment decision-making have greatly increased. Before starting a business, small and medium-sized enterprises should carefully study the national policies, regulations and policy intentions and their changing trends, make clear the income and investment quota, boldly make investment decisions allowed by policies according to the collected relevant information, and be good at reducing costs and obtaining income from preferential policies, learn to use laws and regulations to protect the rights and interests of enterprises, and adapt to market changes and consumer needs. In addition, the fluctuation of interest rate and exchange rate, the price trend of products and the change of competition pattern are effectively predicted, so as to reduce the impact of environmental uncertainty on investment projects.

(II) Establishing risk awareness and establishing risk prevention mechanism

Establishing risk awareness and establishing effective risk prevention mechanism are the prerequisites for coping with risks. Therefore, in the process of project operation, entrepreneurs should gradually establish a perfect risk prevention mechanism and financial information network, carry out pre-operation, in-process and post supervision on the project operation process, predict and prevent financial risks in time, formulate a risk avoidance plan suitable for the actual situation of the enterprise, and control the risks to a minimum to ensure the realization of investment projects. For example, make full use of the principle of financial leverage to control investment risk, so that enterprises can organize production and operation according to market needs, adjust product structure in time, continuously improve the profitability of enterprises, avoid financial crisis caused by decision-making mistakes, and reduce risks to a minimum.

(III) Reasonably determine the financing scale of enterprises, choose the best financing opportunities, set the best financing term, and reduce the financing cost of enterprises

When making financing decisions, reasonably determine the financing scale of enterprises according to the needs of enterprises for funds, the actual conditions of enterprises themselves, the difficulty and cost of financing. If small and medium-sized enterprises can seize the favorable opportunity provided by the internal and external changes of enterprises to carry out financing, it will make it easier for enterprises to obtain lower-cost funds. Enterprises should adopt stable financing methods on the basis of reasonably distinguishing the purpose and use of financing.

formulate the best financing combination strategy and spread financing risks. 1. make rational use of private finance.

(1) Give private capital a' legal status' to enter the financial sector. Underground? Turn? Open? , easy to supervise.

(2) correctly guide private capital to be transformed into formal finance through equity participation or the establishment of funds, small and medium-sized banks and insurance companies.

(3) from an objective point of view, affirm the effective operational processes and handling methods in private finance, and prohibit the means and practices that are illegal, harmful to society and infringe on civil rights. 2. Actively attract venture capital.

enterprises should pay attention to the channels of contacting venture capitalists, and take measures to improve the attractiveness of enterprises according to the concerns of venture capitalists. At the same time, entrepreneurs should look for the right venture capital institutions.

to promote the reform of small and medium-sized enterprises

it is necessary to guide small and medium-sized enterprises to become the main body of market economy with clear property rights, standardized operation and strong internal accumulation ability, that is, endogenous financing ability.

(1) follow the principles of honesty and credit and fair competition, and carry out production, operation and financing activities according to law.

(2) establish accounts according to law to ensure the truthfulness and completeness of accounting information.

(3) we should strengthen financial management and improve the financial system.

small and medium-sized enterprises should also take the road of high-tech development, and strive to change the financing mode from mainly relying on self-accumulation and bank loans to diversified financing, from extensive to intensive economic growth mode, and from traditional to scientific and technological industrial orientation, so as to fundamentally reverse the financing difficulties caused by unreasonable industrial structure. Give full play to the functions of the government

1. Give full play to the special role of the government in the construction of the credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises and give strong policy support for enterprise financing. The state should encourage the capital of various economic sectors to participate in the investment of guarantee companies, increase the number of credit guarantee institutions for small and medium-sized enterprises, and gradually form a multi-level credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises composed of national, regional and community guarantee institutions.

2. Strengthen the construction of laws and regulations on SME credit guarantee. We should learn from the successful experience of foreign countries, take China's SME Promotion Law as the guide, integrate the existing Guarantee Law and Company Law, formulate the legal norms of credit guarantee system as soon as possible, set up the basic framework of credit guarantee system for SMEs, and clarify the basic rules of credit guarantee activities to better serve SMEs.

3. Establish and improve the credit re-guarantee system for SMEs. Credit insurance institutions for small and medium-sized enterprises can be established, and credit insurance business can be offered to the credit guarantee institutions for small and medium-sized enterprises, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the operation of the credit guarantee institutions for small and medium-sized enterprises and disperse their business risks.