Although the policy goal of national pension planning has been put forward for many years, even the provincial pension planning has not been fully realized. The 20 12 annual audit report of social security fund shows that by the end of 20 1 1, there were 17 provinces in China that did not fully meet the "six unifications" standard of provincial overall planning.
The main resistance of provincial and national overall planning lies in the interest game between the central and local governments. Jin Weigang pointed out that the balance of pension funds in 20 12 was 2.4 trillion, but more than half of them were concentrated in several provinces and cities in the east. There was a gap in pension income and expenditure in many areas in the central and western regions, which required transfer payments from the central government.
In some areas, the income and expenditure of the basic old-age insurance fund are unbalanced, which requires a large amount of subsidies from the central government. At the same time, economically developed provinces have formed a pension fund balance of more than 1000 billion yuan, but the central government cannot adjust the use because it has not achieved national overall planning.
In terms of pension insurance subsidies, over the years, it has also formed a pattern of local dependence on the central government. In 20 10, the subsidies from the central and local governments to the basic old-age insurance were 185 1000 billion yuan, of which the central government accounted for 86%.
Entrusted by the National Development and Reform Commission, the Social Security Research Center of Renmin University of China is currently drafting a national overall plan for endowment insurance. Yang, deputy director of the center, told the reporter of Caijing Weekly that the biggest difficulty of the plan lies in what way it can be adopted, which can not only reduce the resistance of "coordination" in developed areas, take care of their interests, but also benefit underdeveloped areas, ensure their enthusiasm for collection, and avoid relying entirely on central transfer.
In the process of national overall planning, a transfer fund should be established in the central government, so that some provinces with surplus funds can be put into the central government to form a fund, which can then be distributed to provinces with serious pension fund deficits.
Don't collect all the funds of the central government, so the developed areas will have no enthusiasm. Less developed provinces can't wait for the central government to send money, but they should mobilize their enthusiasm for receiving pensions. "The key to the national overall planning of endowment insurance is to establish a good incentive mechanism."
Another meaning of overall planning is financial priority, unifying individual income tax and individual contributions of social endowment insurance to form a national pension. In this way, even those who have not paid the old-age insurance because of their low income can get a basic pension, which is essentially equivalent to the new rural insurance and urban housing insurance, but its level will be further improved.