I. Social Security Card:
The "all-in-one-card" social security card means that all social insurance information can be "all-in-one" with one card, which is convenient for the insured to query their rights and interests records anytime and anywhere and enjoy social security services conveniently and quickly. On the other hand, this kind of "communication" is far from "communication with the whole world", but "communication with local people"-social security communication across provinces and cities, which still faces the long-standing problem of low overall planning level.
Social cards have a wide range of functions. Cardholders can not only use the card for real-time settlement of medical insurance personal accounts, but also handle endowment insurance affairs; Apply for job registration and unemployment registration, apply for unemployment insurance, and apply for employment training; Apply for labor ability appraisal and enjoy work-related injury insurance benefits; Handling labor and social security affairs online. The social security card adopts the national unified standard, and the social security number adopts the citizenship number in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Social Insurance Law.
2065438+2005123 October, Jong Li, spokesman of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that by the end of 2065438+2004, the number of social security card holders in China had reached 7120,000, and the number of social security cards issued in 2065438+2005 would reach 800 million. From 20 15, social security cards will be opened to other public service integration applications, and the function of "one card" will be gradually realized. For example, social security card, medical card and bank card are combined into one to realize the "one card" for medical treatment.
Second, the problems faced:
1, personal account of endowment insurance is empty.
After the establishment of the unified account system in China, the funds in personal accounts were used to pay the current pension, forming a huge "empty account". Once the "pay-as-you-go" model turns, empty accounts will greatly threaten the credibility of China's social endowment insurance system. At present, as of 2004, the officially announced scale of personal accounts is 740 billion. Some scholars estimate that the size of China's empty pension accounts is about 1.3 trillion.
In order to solve the pressure of pension payment that may be brought by empty accounts, China began to make real personal accounts in 2000. By the end of 2009, the pilot work of individual accounts for old-age insurance had been expanded to 13 provinces (cities), and the accumulated individual accounts for old-age insurance was156.9 billion yuan. However, compared with the actual scale of empty accounts, there is still considerable room for further research.
2. Institution endowment insurance system.
At the beginning of 2008, the executive meeting of the State Council approved in principle the Pilot Program for the Reform of Pension Insurance System for Staff in Public Institutions, and five provinces and cities including Shanxi, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Chongqing started the pilot program. The pension reform involving 30 million "career people" was launched. This reform involves many institutional changes, such as the classification reform of public institutions, the personnel management system reform of public institutions, etc., and the reform targets involve most "professional and skilled talents" in China. The reform is very difficult and difficult, and the relevant system design still needs to be run-in and improved. Up to now, the pilot reform in various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities has progressed slowly and needs substantial progress.
3. Special groups represented by migrant workers and flexible employment groups.
In February 2009, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security published a summary of the methods for migrant workers to participate in the basic old-age insurance on its official website, soliciting opinions from all walks of life. The endowment insurance for migrant workers adopts the system design of "large account and low payment". At the end of 2009, the original plan for migrant workers to participate in the basic old-age insurance was included in the Interim Measures for the Transfer and Continuation of the Basic Old-age Insurance for Employees of Urban Enterprises, and it was implemented.
After five years of brewing, this document on the transfer and continuation of endowment insurance for migrant workers has finally been issued, but its effect remains to be further observed.
In recent years, the number and proportion of flexible employment population in China are on the rise. The labor relations, jobs, working hours and wages of this group are uncertain. It is difficult to draw a clear line between flexible employment groups and ordinary residents, which is a difficult point. Most of the flexible employees are young people, and there is little pressure on old-age medical care at present. The key problem is to attract them to participate in insurance effectively through system design.
4. The social security fund has a low rate of return on investment and operation.
In some places, the rate of return on investment and operation of social security funds is less than 2%, and there is no complete system on how to preserve and increase the life-saving money of ordinary people.
5. Effectively narrow the gap between urban and rural security.
Generally speaking, only when industrialization develops to a certain extent, and farmers account for 15% ~ 20%, can they afford substantial subsidies to rural areas to bridge the gap between urban and rural security levels. On the one hand, narrowing the gap between urban and rural security needs to adapt to the characteristics of the economic development stage. On the other hand, we should fully consider the interests of farmers in the process of coordinating urban and rural development, and strive to smoothly tide over the hot period of interest disputes.
Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.