During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country's economic development faced the first international environment. Uncertainty in the changing trend of the world economic growth pattern has increased, and the possibility of continued low-speed growth of the global economy has increased.

Since the beginning of this century, emerging economies have begun to become an important force in driving world economic growth, and the world economy has shown a trend of "rising in the east and falling in the west".

This trend has become more obvious after the international financial crisis. The proportion of developing countries in the global economy increased from about 18% at the beginning of the century to 31.8% in 2012.

However, this situation has changed since 2013, and the pace of U.S. economic recovery has accelerated.

The U.S. economic growth rate was 2.2% in 2013 and reached 2.4% in 2014. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) forecast, the U.S. economic growth will be higher than 3% in 2015 and 2016.

However, overall, the prospects for recovery in developed economies, especially Japan and the European Union, are still unclear.

However, economic growth in some emerging economies has slowed due to the impact of capital outflows, falling commodity/energy prices, and rising geopolitical tensions.

Future interest rate hikes by the Federal Reserve will further tighten the growth space of emerging economies and increase the possibility of systemic crises.

All this means that the uncertainty of the global growth pattern has increased significantly.

In addition, in recent years, the prices of crude oil and basic metals in the international market have declined to varying degrees, and the prices of various industrial products, daily necessities, etc. have correspondingly weakened.

Second, global production organization methods are undergoing drastic changes, and competition in the manufacturing links in the value chain will become more intense.

Since the reform and opening up, my country's manufacturing industry has been integrated into the global value chain through OEM, but it is mainly engaged in low-end links.

How my country's manufacturing industry can move from the low end to the high end of the global value chain during the 13th Five-Year Plan will pose new challenges to China's future industrial development as a global manufacturing power.

Third, the "re-industrialization" of developed countries and the industrialization of low-cost countries have made the development of my country's manufacturing industry face a more severe situation of double squeeze.

Since the 1980s, the world's manufacturing pattern has undergone major changes. One of the main features of the changes is that developed countries have experienced a process of "deindustrialization", and the labor force has rapidly transferred from the primary and secondary industries to the tertiary industry. Manufacturing has accounted for The proportion of the country's GDP and the proportion of the world's manufacturing industry continues to decrease, the manufacturing industry is shifting to newly industrialized countries, and the manufacturing industry of developing countries, especially my country, is rising rapidly.

However, after the international financial crisis broke out in 2008, developed countries represented by the United States launched "re-industrialization" policies with the core content of revitalizing manufacturing, attracting the return of high-end manufacturing and posing new challenges to the development of my country's manufacturing industry.

On the other hand, since the reform and opening up, my country's southeastern coastal areas have relied on low-cost initial endowment conditions to integrate with the international economy through OEM methods, absorbing hundreds of millions of laborers, and becoming one of the driving forces for my country's rapid economic development.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country will face dual competitive pressures from developed countries and low-cost countries in the new global industrial division of labor system.

Fourth, the rules of global investment and trade are undergoing new changes, and the globalization process is facing new challenges.

With the advancement of globalization and regional integration, global investment and trade rules are undergoing new changes.

Fifth, commodity prices will likely remain low, which will increase my country’s room for maneuver in allocating resources on a global scale and bring a relative increase in my country’s income.

In the energy field, mainly the development of shale gas and shale oil has promoted the United States' energy independence, and its dependence on crude oil in the Middle East has further declined, causing some of the Middle East's oil and gas resources to move to the European market, squeezing Russia's market share, and also

This led to a collapse in crude oil prices.

Crude oil prices dropped from nearly US$100/barrel at the beginning of 2014 to US$50/barrel at the end of the year.

In the field of resources, important commodities such as ores, soybeans, metals, and rubber are affected by the weakening demand in my country. As well as traditional resource-rich countries hoping to drive their own economic development through resource exports, some resource-rich developing countries also hope to convert their resource advantages into economic development as soon as possible. Due to the impact of advantages and development advantages, prices have fallen significantly.

Since 2014, the prices of important commodities such as ores, soybeans, metals, and rubber have fallen by more than 15% on average.

This trend is likely to continue for a period of time, which will increase my country's room for maneuver in allocating resources on a global scale during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period. At the same time, it will bring a cost-saving dividend effect to my country and increase my country's relative income.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country's economic development faces the first domestic environment. my country will be at a critical stage of moving from a middle- and high-income country to a high-income country.

Around 2000, my country moved from a low-income country to a low-middle-income country, and around 2010, it moved from a low-middle-income country to a high-middle-income country.

It is expected that by 2020, my country will basically be close to the World Bank's standards for high-income countries.

However, whether based on the exchange rate method or the purchasing power parity (PPP) standard, my country's per capita GNI still ranks over 80 among the more than 200 countries listed by the World Bank (2012 data), and its status as an underdeveloped country has not changed. .

At the same time, with the arrival of a high-income society, the people's needs will be higher and more diverse, especially for government services and the ecological environment.