In 1982, another new president, Hamburg, came to power.
He has a very different background from Pifer. He is mainly engaged in medical work and was formerly the director of health policy research and education at Harvard University.
He said that serving at the foundation is to serve society and the public, but he has different views on the issues that the foundation should be concerned about.
He identified several major goals of the foundation as: (1) avoiding nuclear war and improving relations between the United States and the Soviet Union; (2) educating all Americans, especially young people, to adapt to a society based on science and technology; (3) preventing and treating various
Harm to children and adolescents, including social problems such as drug abuse, alcoholism, and teenage pregnancy; (4) Training and development of human resources in the Third World, with an emphasis on Mexico.
Hamburg believes that one of the biggest features of future world development is the decisive impact of technology on people.
It is conceivable that based on this idea, the work of the foundation will inevitably be adjusted.
Among all the above goals, special emphasis is placed on science, including hard science and behavioral science; it focuses more on global issues; domestically, it focuses on policy research and places less emphasis on inequality and social improvement.
His attitude toward the government changed from criticizing it to seeking its support and cooperation, and he conducted regular liaison activities among political circles and senior figures in Washington.
At the same time, the Carnegie Forum on Education and Economics was established to regularly hold meetings with leaders from all walks of life across the country to discuss the relationship between education policy and national economic needs.
According to the 1993 President's Report, the foundation's assets and expenditures have grown significantly in the past 10 years. At that time, total assets reached US$1.3 billion, 3.25 times that of 1982; the expenditure budget increased from US$13 million in 1982.
to $59 million, equivalent to 51% of total donations in the 82 years since 1911.
The work center still revolves around the two major themes of education and peace, emphasizing predictability and "prevention" rather than "cure". For this reason, strengthening research work is essential.
The biggest feature of this period was the emphasis on early education.
In the 1980s, the American educational and scientific circles reached a consensus that education in children and adolescents is very important to a person's life and even the future of the country, and how parents and related parties should cooperate to meet the growth needs of children and adolescents.
make a suggestion.
In line with this awareness, the Foundation vigorously explains and publicizes, and uses its influence in the education sector for nearly a century to launch a long-term education reform movement across the country, focusing on public primary and secondary schools and preschool education, and studying all school-based factors that affect learning.
external factors, and put forward the slogan "Education does not begin in kindergarten, but begins with prenatal education", and even begins with training for pregnant women.
The specific projects funded include: ① Youth education and development strategy.
The range is from prenatal to adolescents aged 10-15 years.
In the 10 years from 1986 to 1996, the foundation sponsored a comprehensive study of different stages of adolescent development, with the cooperation of the Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences, Stanford University, and the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, and established a number of experts and
A group composed of public leaders, divided into toddlers (before 3 years old), childhood (3-10 years old) and teenagers (10-15 years old).
The group produced a large number of reports and monographs, among which the three reports representing the above three age groups have the greatest influence: "Starting Point", "The Year of Promise" and "The Great Transition".
The report put forward a series of suggestions on cultivating responsible and qualified parents, prenatal and newborn health care, elements of healthy adolescent growth, and seeking cooperation from social forces such as families, schools, communities, and media, etc., and was widely distributed in society.
The foundation also funded projects to encourage states and cities to take practical steps to implement the recommendations in the above report.
More than a dozen states and several cities have participated in this project.
These recommendations are supported and vigorously promoted by President Clinton and his wife, the National Governors Association, and many members of Congress from both parties.
The report also appeared in national magazines, aired on prime-time television and was the subject of a White House meeting.
This research has had an impact on education policy and programs across the country.
② Improve teaching quality.
Improving the level of teachers and improving the quality of teaching is the traditional focus of the Carnegie Foundation.
This period was characterized by an emphasis on teacher training in mathematics and natural sciences and the training of kindergarten and lower primary school teachers, prompting publishers of lower primary school textbooks to also participate in research efforts.
In the 1980s, the Carnegie and Rockefeller Foundations jointly sponsored the establishment of the National Commission on Teaching and the Future of America. After a nationwide survey and study, it proposed a report. The main spirit is that the improvement of the education system is ultimately centered on improving the quality of teaching.
The report also puts forward a series of suggestions on improving the status of the teaching profession, attracting outstanding talents, establishing an assessment mechanism, and providing opportunities for lifelong self-improvement.
The report also emphasizes the need to establish an educational structure that reflects the multiculturalism of American society.
To this end, the Carnegie Forum on Education and Economics organized by the foundation also discusses these issues and brainstorms.
In 1987, the National Committee to Improve Professional Teaching Standards was established to implement the recommendations made in the Forum report, chaired by North Carolina Governor Hunter.
After 10 years of practice, the foundation issued certificates to key teachers in 30 fields in 1997, accounting for approximately 40% of the total number of teachers.
President Clinton specifically mentioned the commission in his 1997 State of the Union address, calling on the nation to support it.
③ Liberal arts education.