Yuan Lao won the National Special Invention Award, the National Highest Science and Technology Award, the UNESCO Science Award, the safety award of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and so on. , and won the "* * * and National Medal" on 20 19. It can be said that Yuan Lao has won numerous awards, and there are hundreds of awards, large and small. Yuan Lao didn't care too much about this, but there are always some people who are curious. Why didn't he get the Nobel Prize nomination?
Indeed, people in China have many stories about the Nobel Prize. Although the promulgation of the Nobel Prize is warmly discussed by enthusiastic people every year, what people want most is to see the faces of China people again on this world stage. Indeed, apart from other China people who won the Nobel Prize as foreigners, China people really became attached to the Nobel Prize on 20 12. On the Nobel Prize stage, the selection committee made special mention of Frog, Red Sorghum, Sandalwood Punishment, Wine Country and Fatigue of Life and Death, which showed great recognition. Later, in 20 15, Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with artemisinin. At this point, the scientific door of China people and the Nobel Prize was finally opened.
Although we have made a great breakthrough in the Nobel Prize, it seems that the faces of China people rarely appear on the world stage. Japan, which is adjacent to our country, has developed to the point where a candidate wins the Nobel Prize almost every year. This situation will inevitably make us feel a little frustrated. The wisdom of China people is no worse than that of the world, and the face of the China people who won the prize before is also a good proof of this.
Today, China is developing rapidly in all aspects, its economic and cultural level has entered a new stage of development, and its influence in the world is constantly improving. However, the number of times we became attached to the Nobel Prize is still very limited, so it is inevitable to wonder whether China people's own scientific and technological cognition is flawed or the so-called world prize itself is flawed. Many people still ask, in terms of influence, Yuan Longping is outstanding to China and the world, but why didn't he win the Nobel Prize, and even his nomination was rare?
According to the will of Swedish chemist alfred nobel, Nobel Prizes are awarded every year from 190 1, including physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace. The Nobel Prize is generally regarded as the most important prize in this field.
Alfred bernhard Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He was an outstanding chemist, inventor, entrepreneur and engineer at that time. In scientific research, he applied what he had learned to industrial practice and turned it into usable articles. Suddenly, Nobel was a great success, opening 100 companies and factories in more than 20 countries on five continents, such as Europe and America, and then accumulating huge wealth and becoming a world rich man. But after death, these so-called properties cannot be taken away. Therefore, when he died, he made a will: "Please turn my property into a fund, and use the interest of this fund as an annual bonus to reward those who made good contributions to mankind in the previous year."
On the fifth anniversary of his death, the first Nobel Prize was officially promulgated. Since then, except for the interruption in wartime, the King has held a grand award ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway every year in 65438+February 10.
In the course of a century's inheritance, the Nobel Prize has become a dream prize for countless scientists because of its rich bonus and world popularity. They all want to climb this science hall.
1968, on the occasion of its 300th anniversary, the Swedish National Bank provided funds to add the Nobel Prize in Economics, which was awarded together with five other prizes in 1969. So it formed the six major awards we saw today.
According to the will of the Nobel Prize, the prize is mainly awarded to those who have made great contributions to human development, including science and literature. It may be that Nobel invented explosives before his death, which aggravated the war casualties, so he longed for peace and hoped to promote the progress of the human world.
Judging from Yuan Longping's achievements, he has greatly solved the world food problem, thus avoiding the death of a large number of people due to lack of food. So he made a contribution to the world, but why didn't he get the Nobel Prize nomination?
Yuan Longping was born in Peking Union Medical College Hospital on September 7th, 1930. But in this era, no one can be immune, and everyone needs to work hard in this tragic day.
Because of his parents' work and the situation of the country at that time, Yuan Longping lived with his parents in Peiping, Tianjin, Jiujiang, Ganzhou, Hankou and Chongqing. In this process, he saw the living conditions of most ordinary people living in this land at that time, and saw that they had to eat bark because they didn't have enough to eat. Some even ate the so-called "Guanyin soil", which was actually loess to satisfy their hunger. Hunger was revealed to everyone at that time. Seeing all this, Yuan Longping vowed in his mind that something must be done to at least solve the problem of eating.
1949 Yuan Longping was successfully admitted to Southwest Agricultural College, and was determined to devote his life to the land, closely linked with the land under his feet.
1953, Yuan Longping graduated from Southwest Agricultural College. Under the condition of obeying the unified distribution of the whole country, I went to teach at Anjiang Agricultural School in Huaihua, Hunan. In the same year, he was assigned to teach in the remote and backward Xiangxi Agricultural School by the Agricultural School. Although here, he is responsible for explaining scientific agricultural knowledge to people at that time as much as possible and helping farmers to carry out scientific management, he still hasn't let go of his once ideal, that is, to be a good agricultural seed for China people.
/kloc-0 In July, 960, a rice plant with special characteristics was found in the experimental field of Yuan Longping Agricultural School. He tried to plant this rice and found that his descendants had different characteristics. Because rice is essentially self-pollinated, there will be no character separation, so scientifically speaking, this newly discovered rice may be a natural hybrid rice. Then he artificially removed the male flowers of hermaphrodite rice and gave them pollen from another variety in an attempt to produce hybrid varieties.
196 1 year in the spring, he planted the seeds of his previous experiment into the experimental field. Through long-term observation and final result verification, the rice he discovered at that time was a natural hybrid rice.
Through this accidental discovery, Yuan Longping tried to open the door of hybrid rice and see the mystery.
1In April, 967, Yuan Longping drafted the Breeding Scheme of Rice Male Sterile Line in Anjiang Agricultural School and reported it to the Provincial Science and Technology Commission and the Science and Technology Commission of Qianyang District. In June, the rice male sterility research group of Qianyang Agricultural School (renamed Anjiang Agricultural School) composed of Yuan Longping, Li Bihu and Yin Huaqi was formally established.
In the early 1970s, Yuan Longping used the "wild abortion" of natural male sterility discovered by his assistant as the sterile material of hybrid rice, and published the viewpoint of using the heterosis of rice, which broke the forbidden area of self-pollinated crop breeding in the world. In the mid-1970s, the scientific and technological research team headed by him completed the three-line matching, successfully cultivated hybrid rice, and achieved a historic breakthrough in hybrid rice.
With regard to the realization of this technology, the world has seen China's scientific research capability. Because rice is the main crop, scientists in other countries have not studied it before, but according to the exploration of the United States, Japan and other countries, it is found that rice does not have the heterosis, that is, it is difficult to make new breakthroughs. The technical realization of Yuan Longping's team undoubtedly broke a fixed thinking limitation and made a new development breakthrough in rice hybrid technology.
With the support of scientific methods, Yuan Longping's team has been hitting new technical peaks. They are eager for higher rice yield, because it determines that higher rice yield can be planted on limited land. Finally, in 2000, 2004, 201year and 20 14 years, the large-scale demonstration "four jumps" of 700, 800, 900 and 1000 kg per mu were realized respectively. Even finally achieved the technical difficulty of per mu yield 1500 kg.
In addition, Yuan Longping's team also made use of the advantages of different kinds of rice, constantly expanding them, and finally allowing rice to grow in a variety of environments. They grow sea rice and rice growing in the desert. Perhaps this technology was unimaginable before, so when it really comes true one day, it will surprise us. At the same time of rice technology breakthrough, China rice has also started to go abroad, and China hybrid rice can be seen in America, Africa, Central Asia and other places, and it has really started to solve the problem that people all over the world have difficulty eating.
Judging from the development of hybrid rice, it has brought enough influence to the world. In terms of contribution, Yuan Longping is outstanding, but why didn't he get the Nobel Prize nomination?
Why didn't Yuan Longping win the Nobel Prize nomination?
First of all, the selection requirement of the Nobel Prize is that it must be creative, that is, there have been no successful cases before. The first hybrid rice in the world was completed by American Henry Hank Beecher in Indonesia in 1963. At this point, Yuan Lao's technology may not be favored by the Nobel Prize. In addition, Changyou, a new city in Japan, also found a three-line set of rice in 1965, but it was not produced on a large scale. In addition, it should be noted that the experimental technology of hybrid rice still comes from the first discovery of bacterial hybridization in lederberg, USA, which means that all hybridization technologies still come from the early discovery of bacterial hybridization. At the same time, the United States has also completed the hybridization experiment of corn before. So many agricultural products, do you need to give prizes? Therefore, it is difficult for Yuan Lao's hybrid rice to compete with other technologies.
Secondly, the selection of the Nobel Prize needs a complete theoretical system. Hybrid rice itself is completed on the basis of continuous practice, that is, selecting excellent seeds as far as possible, then expanding its ability to form the outstanding ability of rice, and then expanding immobilization to form the best seeds. But it is precisely because of this that hybrid rice lacks corresponding constructive theory, which is more similar to engineering realization.
What's more, the Nobel Prize did not set an award similar to agriculture. Perhaps even Nobel himself did not think that the biggest obstacle to human development and progress is the problem of not having enough to eat. Many people think that hybrid rice will be related to the chemistry prize, but we should know that chemistry itself is a scientific exploration, not a technical practice, so it is difficult for hybrid rice to win the Nobel Prize in chemistry.
Of course, some people also asked why Yuan Lao didn't win the Nobel Peace Prize, because his hybrid rice solved most of the famine, thus avoiding more fights and promoting peace to a certain extent. But judging from the Nobel Prize itself, the Peace Prize should be the one with the biggest price drop. You know, the president of a fanatical country can win the peace prize, which shows that the award itself is unbearable.
Moreover, what needs to be popularized here is that Yuan Lao has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, although he has not appeared in several final candidate lists every year. In 20 14, Yuan Longping and Indian geneticist Swaminardan were nominated by Norwegian parliamentarian Truvi Dewey for their great contribution to food security in Asia, but Yuan Lao said that he didn't know about it and said that he "didn't have that extravagant hope". Of course, the Peace Prize was not given to Yuan Lao that year, because 284 organizations or individuals were nominated at that time.
We don't have to expect the Nobel Prize. On this world stage, we should be more confident and gain more respect by relying on our own strength. As for those empty prizes, if someone really likes to play, it's nothing to let them entertain themselves.
Yuan Lao is a true Chinese scholar in China. Now he has driven the crane to the west, perhaps somewhere, he is realizing his dream of enjoying the cool.