Understand the basic knowledge of funds, now many people like to invest, and funds have become the first choice for many people. However, before investing in funds, we need to know some relevant knowledge well. The following is to introduce the basic knowledge of understanding the fund for everyone.
Understand the basics of the fund 1 1. Understand what a fund is and what a fund is.
A fund refers to a certain amount of funds set up for a certain purpose. Not as tall as you think, it is easy to become illegal fund-raising, but the capital process is transparent and regulated by law.
2. Understand the simple classification and characteristics of funds.
According to the transaction mode, there are two kinds of open-end funds and closed-end funds. The former can purchase and redeem funds at any time, and there is no fixed model; The latter has a fixed time and fixed mode, and cannot be purchased and redeemed at any time, but it can be transferred.
According to investment types: stock funds, bond funds, money funds, etc.
3. Have the most basic common sense about funds, and funds are risky.
This is very important. In China, many fund investors think that funds are risk-free, but in fact, funds are risky.
4. Choose the fund that suits you according to your actual situation.
You can't blindly buy funds, you can buy whatever others buy; Buy whatever hot funds are. According to their own financial situation, risk tolerance, fund rate of return, fund risk and other comprehensive choices.
5. Fully understand the processes and methods of buying and selling various specific funds.
There are many types of funds, and the purchase process and methods of each fund are different. At this time, you need to study first, and then buy and sell funds.
6. Buy funds to prevent going to extremes
In real life, many people buy funds in two extremes: the first is to bet heavily on a fund, which violates the principle that putting eggs in one basket is risky; The second is to diversify the purchase of funds, buy a lot of funds, and put a little in each fund, which makes the rate of return on the purchase of funds very low, that is, excessive dispersion.
7. Buy a fund with a good attitude.
Many investors who buy funds have completely different mentality before and after buying funds. When the funds they buy have good returns, they will be very greedy and don't know how to stop losses in time. When the income of the purchased fund is particularly poor, it will be very scary. Restrain related extreme emotions and mentality.
Understand the basic knowledge of the fund. 2. Fund refers to a certain amount of funds specially set up for a specific purpose or purpose, usually used for a certain cause. Funds include insurance funds, unit trust funds, trust and investment funds, provident funds, retirement funds and other foundations.
Generally speaking, the fund we are talking about mainly refers to the securities investment fund, which is an indirect investment method. It refers to an investment method in which a fund management company raises investors' funds by selling fund shares, and then it is managed by a fund custodian, generally referring to qualified banks, and then the fund manager invests in financial instruments such as stocks and bonds in the form of portfolio investment, so as to share the benefits and risks.
Securities investment funds are also divided into many types according to different classification methods. According to the mode of fund operation, it can be divided into closed-end funds and open-end funds. Closed-end fund means that the fund has a fixed duration, during which the fund share is fixed and it can be traded, but it cannot be redeemed. Open-end fund means that the fund has no fixed term, the fund share is not fixed, and it can be purchased or redeemed.
According to the investment targets of funds, they can be divided into stock funds, bond funds, money market funds and hybrid funds. Stock fund is a fund with stocks as its main investment object, and more than 80% of fund assets are invested in stocks; Bond funds are funds that mainly invest in bonds, and more than 80% of the fund assets are invested in bonds;
Hybrid funds refer to funds that invest in stocks and bonds at the same time. Due to the different investment ratios, the income risks of such funds are also quite different. Money market funds mainly invest in money market instruments with a short investment period, usually around 1 year.
There are many ways to buy funds, including fund company platforms, banks, brokers, Alipay WeChat and other third-party fund sales platforms, and each channel has its own advantages. When buying a fund, it often involves the rate of the fund, including subscription redemption fee, management fee and custody fee. , all happened in the process of fund trading.
Subscription refers to the behavior of investors buying fund shares during the period of raising open-end funds. Subscription refers to the behavior of investors buying fund shares during the existence of open-end funds. Redemption refers to the behavior that the fund share holder asks the fund manager to buy back the fund share according to the contract.
Understand the basic knowledge of the fund 3 1, account opening process: individual investors need to bring valid documents such as bank cards and ID cards to the business outlets of securities companies and banks to open accounts;
2. Purchase: Investors can purchase in online platforms and offline outlets of third-party institutions, banks and securities companies;
3. Redemption: Investors can enter and submit the transaction application form before the afternoon of the trading day 15;
4. Trading time: The trading time of each fund is strictly regulated, which is 9: 30am-11:30am and13: 00pm-15: 00pm on the trading day.
Fund type
1. Monetary fund: Monetary fund is formed by gathering assets in the society, which has the characteristics of stable income and strong safety factor, and mainly invests in short-term commercial bills;
2. Bond funds: Bond funds refer to assets whose main purpose is bond investment, and bond funds are less affected by A shares;
3. Hybrid funds: Hybrid funds refer to the types that invest in various stocks and bonds;
4. Equity funds: Equity funds refer to the types of funds whose main purpose is to invest in stocks.
Three elements of fund transaction
Systematically speaking, fund transactions are divided into three parts: buying funds, holding funds, selling funds for profit and completing transactions.
The seemingly simple three steps are quite different from the actual operation. Some earn more than 100% a year, and some even lose only a dime. This is definitely not an exaggeration. The reason lies in understanding and operation.
1, Step 1: Fund purchase.
It involves how to choose a fund (fund type, style, industry, risk, performance,
Fund managers, etc. ), fund allocation portfolio (fund position, fund industry portfolio, the proportion of each fund position), fund buying (buying cost, buying opportunity, buying method).
2. Step 2: Fund holding.
The contents involved are holding style (short-term, medium-term and long-term), holding status (adding positions, covering positions and reducing positions) and holding cost (time cost, expense cost, comparison of similar and CSI 300 income).
3. Step 3: Sell the fund.
The contents involved include the timing of selling (look at the market index, industry valuation, awkward stocks, news events) and selling methods (one-time profit taking, batch profit taking, etc.). ) and selling cost (redemption fee, time cost, etc.). )