Since 2003, South Korea began to reform large enterprise groups. In addition to Hyundai, Daewoo, Samsung, LG and Jing Xian, large enterprise groups ranked 6th to 30th will be included in the reform list. At the same time, the Korean government has also announced specific measures to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. For example, venture capital funds will focus on supporting venture enterprises such as electronics, machinery, audio and video, fashion and software; Improve the proportion of small and medium-sized enterprise products in government procurement and so on.

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At present, South Korea's industrial policy is in a transitional period. Some large enterprises have basically reached the level of independent manufacturing by improving their technological capabilities, and are trying to narrow the technological gap with advanced countries. However, with the decrease of late-comer advantage, the space for rapid growth becomes smaller. Coupled with changes in the external environment, especially the rise of emerging countries such as China and the acceleration of globalization, South Korea is facing new challenges in formulating industrial policies to ensure the relative competitive advantage of cutting-edge technology industries and industries with comparative advantages.

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To sum up, South Korea sized up the situation and kept pace with the times in different historical periods according to different times and environments. In each period, South Korea can seize the opportunity, vigorously promote the substitution and upgrading of industrial structure, and make the economy grow at a high speed. Nowadays, a large number of large enterprises in South Korea, such as Hyundai, Samsung, LG and SK, continue to play a huge role in international competition. The core industry of these large enterprises is still the leader of Korean export trade. For example, in 2005, the export of Samsung galaxy reached 59.2 billion US dollars, accounting for 2 1% of the total export of South Korea.

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、LG、SK？ ? . ? () .？ 2005? ? 592, ? 2 1%? ? .

Before 1980s, South Korea relied heavily on the intervention of the national guidance plan. Its industrial policy is directly formulated and implemented by the government's industrial authorities. The government plays a leading role in formulating and implementing industrial policies. Moreover, there are obvious national direct physical plans and preferential policies. After 1980s, South Korea abandoned the direct intervention of the state and decided its industrial policy by law. The Korean government has played a decisive role in the selection, formation and development of leading industries.

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Of course, there are also some problems in the formulation of Korea's national industrial policy. For example, the economic lifeline of South Korea has long been in the hands of a few large consortia, and the government has a very close "blood relationship" with large enterprise groups. At the same time, the government has neglected the interests of small and medium-sized enterprises. With the full support and protection of the government, all major enterprises have developed rapidly. While their products are widely sold at home and abroad, the enterprises themselves are burdened with heavy debts, and the traditional light industry has lost its competitive advantage in the world market.

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Enlightenment of Korean Model to China's Industrial Policy Formulation

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(A) the implementation of the main body: unified administrative leadership:

From the government's point of view, the main body of implementing industrial policies needs an authoritative department that can effectively implement policies to ensure the unity and effectiveness of industrial policies.

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In South Korea, the Ministry of Commerce and Industry has become the main body of implementing industrial policies. Cooperate closely with relevant government agencies, actively play tax or other financial functions, and mobilize various policy means to implement industrial policies.

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In order to successfully implement industrial policies, a reasonable government agency must be established to formulate and implement industrial policies and ensure an effective management system; Let the people have a general understanding that the relationship between the government and the people is not mutually antagonistic, but complementary; The government and private enterprises should form channels for information communication and exchange as much as possible.

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& lt globalization accelerates/taxes are imposed > I'm not sure.

& lt my personal translation is for reference only >