Qian Xuesen (1911.12.11~present) is a famous Chinese physicist and a world-renowned rocket expert.
A native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, he was born in Shanghai and is of Han nationality. He joined the Communist Party of China in August 1959 and holds a doctorate degree. He is known as the "Father of China's Missile".
He graduated from the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Jiaotong University (part of the predecessor of the School of Mechanical Engineering of Xi'an Jiaotong University) in 1934. In 1934, he studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the California Institute of Technology in the United States.
In 1935, he went to the United States to study aeronautical engineering and aerodynamics. He received a doctorate from the California Institute of Technology in 1938. He later stayed in the United States as a lecturer, associate professor, professor, director of the Supersonic Laboratory and the Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center, and engaged in rocket science.
Research.
The struggle to return to the motherland began in 1950. At that time, Kimble, a senior general of the U.S. Navy, said: "No matter where he goes, Qian Xuesen is worth the strength of five divisions. I would rather kill him in the United States than let him leave."
"As a result, Qian Xuesen was persecuted by the US government and lost his freedom. It took him five years to return to his motherland in 1955.
After overcoming all kinds of resistance and returning to China in October 1955, he joined the Communist Party of China in 1959.
He once served as the director of the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the deputy minister of the Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry, and the deputy director of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense.
He currently serves as the Honorary Chairman of China Science and Technology Association.
Qian Xuesen proposed extremely important implementation plans for the development of China's rocket and missile technology.
Since April 1958, he has held a long-term technical leadership position in the development of rockets, missiles and spacecraft, and has made significant contributions to the development of China's rockets, missiles and aerospace industry.
Qian Xuesen was vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, member of the Department of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, honorary chairman of the Chinese Astronautical Society, and chairman of the China Science and Technology Association.
In October 1991, the State Council and the Central Military Commission awarded Qian Xuesen the honorary title of "National Outstanding Contribution Scientist" and the First-Class Hero Model Medal.
[Edit this paragraph] Life 1. Early years Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. In his early years, he studied at the High School Affiliated to Beijing Normal University and Jiaotong University.
In the summer of 1934, he graduated from Jiaotong University and was admitted to Tsinghua University to study abroad at public expense.
One day in August 1935, Qian Xuesen left the motherland on a ship of the American Mail Line from Shanghai.
As the turbid waves of the Huangpu River rolled, Qian Xuesen said silently in his heart as he looked at the gradually blurred Shanghai City: "Goodbye, motherland. You are now dominated by wolves and in chaos. I will go to the United States to learn technology and come back to help you revive one day."
Service." Qian Xuesen went to the United States to enter the Department of Aeronautics of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and his academic performance has always been among the best.
To learn engineering, you have to go to the factory to practice, but at that time, American aviation factories discriminated against Chinese people, so a year later he began to turn to aeronautical engineering theory, that is, the study of applied mechanics.
In October 1936 he transferred to Caltech.
Qian Xuesen came here because of his reputation.
Because, in the Aeronautics Department of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, a suburb of Los Angeles, there is a famous aerodynamics professor von Kármán, who is Hungarian.
But what happened later, Mr. Qian himself may not have expected that he would become a seminarian of Professor von Kármán, become the best among them, and be promoted to his most capable assistant.
In the early 1930s, aeronautical science was still in its infancy.
Von Kármán was a leading figure in the field at the time and was later known as the "Father of Supersonic Flight."
In 1970, a crater on the moon was named after him.
Von Karman raised his head and looked carefully at this dignified, short young man. He asked Qian Xuesen a few questions to answer. Qian Xuesen answered all his questions very accurately after a little thought.
Von Karman secretly praised: This Chinese man's thinking is quick and wise.
He happily accepted the student.
In early 1945, Qian Xuesen became a member of the Air Force Scientific Advisory Group headed by von Kármán.
After Germany surrendered, he went to Europe with the regiment's inspection team to inspect aviation and rocket technology.
In early 1947, 36-year-old Qian Xuesen became a full professor at MIT.
While under surveillance, in addition to teaching, he did not give up academic research. In 1953, he published "Takeoff from Earth Satellite Orbit", which laid the foundation for low-thrust flight mechanics, and in 1954 he published the book "Engineering Cybernetics"
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When he said goodbye to von Karman before returning to China in 1955, von Karman said excitedly: "You have surpassed me academically now!" Qian Xuesen became a graduate student at the Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory led by von Karman.
This laboratory later became the cradle of American rocket technology, and Qian Xuesen was one of the first three members to conduct rocket technology research here.
From 1929 to 1934, he studied in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Jiaotong University. After graduation, he applied to Tsinghua University to study in the United States as a public student. After admission, he interned at Hangzhou Jianqiao Airport.
From 1935 to 1939, he studied in the Department of Aeronautical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States and received a master's degree.
From 1936 to 1939, he studied in the Department of Aeronautics and Mathematics at the California Institute of Technology in the United States and received a doctorate.
From 1939 to 1943, he served as a researcher in the Department of Aeronautics, California Institute of Technology.
From 1943 to 1945, he served as an assistant professor in the Department of Aeronautics, California Institute of Technology (during this period: from 1940 to 1945, he was a communications researcher at the Sichuan Chengdu Aviation Research Institute).